Altered mental status terms: includes diabetes, seizure, stroke
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| form of sugar that provides the body's basic source of energy | glucose
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| condition brought about by decreased insulin production; called sugar diabetes or diabetes | diabetes mellitus
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| hormone produced by the pancreas or taken as a medication by many diabetics, aids cells in utilizing glucose | insulin
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| uncontrolled muscular movements | convulsions
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| prolonged seizure, or when a person suffers two or more convulsive seizures without regaining full consciousness | status epilepticus
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| low blood sugar | hypoglycemia
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| medical condition that sometimes causes seizures | epilepsy
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| high blood sugar | hyperglycemia
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| sudden change in sensation, behavior, or movement that can, in its most severe form, produce convulsions | seizure
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| blockage or bursting of a major blood vessel supplying the brain; also called a CVA- cerebrovascular accident | stroke
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| The relationship between glucose and insulin is described as | a lock and key mechanism
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| The most common medical emergency for a diabetic patient is ____. This can happen when a diabetic overexercises. | hypoglycemia
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| If sugar is not replenished quickly, the patient may have | permanent brain damage
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| These are clues that a patient is diabetic: | medical identification bracelet, insulin in the refrigerator, information from family members
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| These are common oral medications used to treat diabetes: | Humulin, Glucotrol, Micronase
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| A patient with a diabetic emergency may appear to be | intoxicated or combative
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| A patient with a diabetic emergency may show these signs or symptoms: | cold clammy skin, anxiety
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| In order for the EMT to consider administering oral glucose, the patient must have an altered mental status and a | history of diabetes and be awake enough to swallow
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| If you are reassessing a patient to whom you have given oral glucose and their condition has not improved, you should | consult medical direction before administering more glucose.
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| Position used to transfer diabetic patient who is not awake enough to swallow and does not need ventilation | recovery
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| Children with diabetes are more at risk than adults for developing | hypoglycemia
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| This sign indicates a change in the patient's blood sugar level | change in mental status
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| Before and after administering oral glucose, make sure to | document the mental status of the patient
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| Trade name for oral glucose | Insta-glucose
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| A patient is confused and disoriented. Before deciding they have a behavioral problem, the EMT should consider- | possibility of head injury, brain tumor, hypoxia
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| People with diabetes test the level of sugar in their blood by using a | glucose meter
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| Complications of diabetes include: | kidney failure, heart disease, blindness
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| Glucose meters show a reading in | milligrams of glucose per deciliter of blood
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| If the diabetic is symptomatic and has a sugar level below 80, they are considered | hypoglycemic
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| If the diabetic is symptomatic and has a sugar level above 120, they are considered | hyperglycemic
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| The most common cause of seizures in adults is | not taking antiseizure medication
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| Seizures are commonly caused by | high fever, brain tumor, infection
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| Characteristics of idiopathic seizures | occurs spontaneously, unknown cause, starts in childhood
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| This type of seizure is seen with epilepsy of hypoglycemia | convulsive seizure
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| Best known condition that results in seizures is | epilepsy
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| This type of seizure is associated with epilepsy | generalized tonic-clonic
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| Questions about a seizure patient, ask these to bystanders | How long did the seizure last? What did the patient do after the seizure? What was the patient doing prior/before the seizure?
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| A seizure patient becomes cyanotic. What do you do after the convulsions end? | provide artificial ventilations with supplemental oxygen
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| You notice that a bystander has placed a tongue blade in the corner of the seizure patient's mouth. What do you do? | carefully remove the object from the patient's mouth
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| How many minutes does a seizure normally last? | 1-3
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| A patient has two or more back to back seizures without regaining full consciousness. This is known as | status epilepticus
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| If you suspect a conscious patient has had a stroke, transport them in this position | semi-sitting
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| A stroke patient has difficulty saying what he is thinking, even though he clearly understands you. | expressive aphasia
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| The patient can speak clearly, but can't understand what you are saying. | receptive aphasia
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| A common sign of a cerebrovascular accident is | headache
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| Signs and symptoms of stroke include: | vomiting, seizure, loss of bladder control
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| When a patient has many stroke signs and symptoms, which resolve in less than 24 hourse | TIA- transient ischemic attack
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| Medical term for fainting. | syncopal episode
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| This can be due to poor perfusion to the brain. | lightheadedness or dizziness
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