bones exam 1
Quiz yourself by thinking what should be in
each of the black spaces below before clicking
on it to display the answer.
Help!
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| Functions of the Skeletal System | Support
Protection
Movement
Storage
Blood cell formation
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| Cellular Structure of Bone | Bone is composed of relatively sparse dense connective tissue cells in a matrix:
Osteoblasts – build bone
Osteocytes – maintain bone
Osteoclasts – resorb (break down) calcium from bone
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| Cartilage | a dense network of collagen fibres in a firm gelatinous ground substance
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| Spine & Skull | Skull
Mandible
Vertebrae
(7 cervical, 12 thoracic,5 lumbar, 5 sacral, 4* coccygeal)
Ribs
Sternum
Sacrum
Coccyx
(* Most commonly)
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| Upper Limb | Clavicle
Scapula
Humerus
Radius
Ulna
Carpals
Metacarpals
Phalanges
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| Lower limb | Sacrum
Pelvis
(Ilium, Ischium, Pubis)
Femur
Patella
Tibia
Fibula
Tarsals
Metatarsals
Phalanges
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| Functions of Joints | Hold the bones together
Allows the rigid skeletal system to become somewhat flexible
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| Degree of Movement by SAD.. | Synarthroses - immobile
Amphiarthroses - slightly mobile
Diarthroses - freely moveable
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| Synovial Joints - Characteristics | Articulating bones - separated by a fluid filled cavity
Substantial freedom of movement
Freely moveable (Diarthroses)
All limb joints (& most of body)
Provide locomotion & generalised movement
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| Synovial Joints - Features | Hyaline (articular) Cartilage
Articular capsule - outer, fibrous layer
inner, synovial membrane
Synovial fluid
Joint cavity
Reinforcing ligaments
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| What are the bones of the axial skeleton? | The bones of the Skull
The bones of the Thorax
The bones of the Vertebral Column
The Ribs
The Pelvic bones
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