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THE SKELETAL SYSTEM

bones exam 1

QuestionAnswer
Functions of the Skeletal System Support Protection Movement Storage Blood cell formation
Cellular Structure of Bone Bone is composed of relatively sparse dense connective tissue cells in a matrix: Osteoblasts – build bone Osteocytes – maintain bone Osteoclasts – resorb (break down) calcium from bone
Cartilage a dense network of collagen fibres in a firm gelatinous ground substance
Spine & Skull Skull Mandible Vertebrae (7 cervical, 12 thoracic,5 lumbar, 5 sacral, 4* coccygeal) Ribs Sternum Sacrum Coccyx (* Most commonly)
Upper Limb Clavicle Scapula Humerus Radius Ulna Carpals Metacarpals Phalanges
Lower limb Sacrum Pelvis (Ilium, Ischium, Pubis) Femur Patella Tibia Fibula Tarsals Metatarsals Phalanges
Functions of Joints Hold the bones together Allows the rigid skeletal system to become somewhat flexible
Degree of Movement by SAD.. Synarthroses - immobile Amphiarthroses - slightly mobile Diarthroses - freely moveable
Synovial Joints - Characteristics Articulating bones - separated by a fluid filled cavity Substantial freedom of movement Freely moveable (Diarthroses) All limb joints (& most of body) Provide locomotion & generalised movement
Synovial Joints - Features Hyaline (articular) Cartilage Articular capsule - outer, fibrous layer inner, synovial membrane Synovial fluid Joint cavity Reinforcing ligaments
What are the bones of the axial skeleton? The bones of the Skull The bones of the Thorax The bones of the Vertebral Column The Ribs The Pelvic bones
Created by: 1109385690
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