ch. 13 wilkins
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| 3 Types of mirror surfaces | -plane
- concave
- front surface
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| Flat mirror, may produce double image | plane
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| Magnifying mirror | concave
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| Mirror with reflecting surface is on front surface of lens * front surface eliminates "ghost" images | front surface
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| Three parts of a mouth mirror | handle, shank, and working end
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| Mirror diameters vary, what are the different diameters | -5/8 inches
-1 1/4 inches
-1 1/2 inch
-2 inch
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| Mirrors are threaded 2 different ways | -plain stem
-cone socket
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| Handles that are better for hygienist | -thicker handles
-light weight handles
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| Mouth mirror is used for | -indirect vision
-indirect illumination
transillumination
retraction
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| Examples of indirect vision | -distal surface of posterior teeth
-lingual surface of anterior teeth
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| Reflection of light from dental overhead light | indirect illumination
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| Reflection of light through the teeth Mirror held to reflect light from lingual aspect while facial teeth are examined | Transillumination
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| Name of grasp when holding an instrument | modifies pen grasp
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| Air compressor with tubing attachment to syringe | air source
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| Has angled working end, can be turned for maxillary or mandibular application | air tip
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| Avoid applying air directly into | pocket
* subgingival biofilm may be forced into tissues
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| Determination of accuracy of instrument by measurement of its variation from a standard | calibration
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| Probing depth as measured from the cementoenamel junction, to location of probe tip at coronal level of attached periodontal tissues | clinical attachment level
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| Slender stainless steel instrument with fine flexible, sharp point used for examination of surfaces of teeth to detect irregularities | explorer
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| A vibration perceptible by palpation | fremitus
* determination only on maxillary teeth
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| Instrument used to measure mobility | periodontometer
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| Smooth, slender instrument usually round in diameter with rounded tip designed for examination of teeth and soft tissues | probe
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| Calibrated in millimeter increments to facilitate recordings for comparison with periodic assessments | probe
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| Distance from gingival margin to location of periodontal probe tip at coronal border of attached periodontal tissues | probing depth
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| Pertaining to the touch | tactile
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| Ability to distinguish relative degrees of roughness and smoothness | -tactile discrimination
-a.k.a. tactile sensitivity
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| Two types of probes are | - traditional or standard manual
- automated probes
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| Developed and researched in attempt to overcome problems in obtaining consistent readings with traditional probes | automated probes
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| Probe is used for | -assess periodontal status -sulcus & pocket survey
- determine clinical attachment level - mucogingival exam
5) other gingival determinations 6) guide treatment
7) evaluate success & completeness of treatment
8) evaluation @ maintenance appointm
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| A probe has 3 parts | -handle
-angles shank
working end
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| What exam is used for recording perio probe depths | CPE
-comprehensive periodontal exam
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| Most common probe used is | hu-friedy
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| When probe is at base of sulcus or crevice, at coronal end of junctional epithelium | normal health tissue
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| When probe tip is within the junctional epithelium | gingivitis and early periodontitis
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| When probe tip passes through the junctional epithelium to reach attached connective tissue fibers | advanced periodontitis
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| Depth of probing varies around a tooth | true
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| Gingival margin varies in its position on the tooth | true
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| Proximal surfaces are approached by entering from | both facial and lingual aspects of tooth
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| Gingival and periodontal infections begin in the _______ area more frequently than others | col
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| Probing depth may be deepest directly under contact area because of | crater formation in alveolar bone
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| Anatomic features of tooth surface wall of pocket influence the direction of probing | true
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| During movement of the probe ___________ can be felt & evaluated | calculus and tooth surface irregularities
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| General factors of probing are | accuracy & consistency so readings are dependable for comparison
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| Factors that affect probe determinations are | -severity & extent of perio disease
- probe
- technique applied
- placement problems
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| Anatomic variations would be | -tooth contours
-furcations
-contact areas
-anomalies
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| Interferences would be | -calculus
-irregular margins of restorations
fixed dental protheses
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| Accessibility/Visibility would be | -obstructed by tissue bleeding
-limited opening by patient
macroglossia
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| Probe insertion with healthy or firm fibrotic tissue | insertion is more difficult because of close adaptation of tissue to tooth surface
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| Probe insertion with spongy, soft tissue | gingival margin is loose & flabby because of destruction of underlying gingival fibers. probe inserts readily, bleeding can be expected on gentle probing
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| Hold probe tip flat against | -tooth surface
-probe is parallel with long axis of tooth for vertical insertion
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| Slide probe along tooth surface __________ down to base of sulcus or pocket | vertically
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| Maintain probe in sulcus or pocket of each tooth as probe is moved ___________ | in a walking stroke
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| Measuring is presence of visible recession | measure from cementoenamal junction to attachment
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| Teeth with two roots | bifurcation
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| Exam used to detect adequacy of width of attached gingiva, locate frenal attachments & their proximity to free gingiva, identify promptly the mucogingival junction | mucogingival examination
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| Area where tension pulls free gingiva away from tooth indicates | no attached gingiva
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| General purposes and uses of explorers | -detect texture and character of tooth surfaces
-examine supragingival tooth surfaces
-examine subgingival tooth surfaces
-define extent of instrumentation needed
-evaluate completeness of treatment
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| Working end of explorer is | slender, wirelike, metal tip that is circular in cross section and tapers to fine sharp point
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| Each tooth has ____ readings (areas to be measured) | -6
-3 facial
-3 lingual
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welchang
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