Communication - Therapeutic and Non- Therapeutic
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| show | 1. Giving and receiving information
2. Involves a sender and a receiver
3. Is a learned process
4. Is verbal and non-verbal.
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| Factors influencing communication : * General attitude * Cultural * Environmental * Age/ developmental level * Distance | show 🗑
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| show | Intimate= 0 to 18 inches
Personal = 18 inches to 40 inches
Social = 4 to 12 feet
Public- more than 12 feet
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| What are the two types of communication ? | show 🗑
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| show | The spoken word .
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| show | * Appearance / dress
* Body movement and posture
* Touch : social , friendship, love&intimacy, sexual,
* Facial expressions
* Eye behavior - Opens the communication ; more than 3 seconds-indicates strong emotions
Staring- Always inapproriate
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| show | Paralanguage -
* Pitch - sound ( high, normal , low )
* Tone - emotional component
* Loudness
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| Congruence | show 🗑
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| show | * Demonstrates empathy (understanding)
* Requires Skills
* REsponds to patients thoughts , needs and concerns
* Builds trust
* Allows free expession of thoughts adn feelings
* Non- judgmental
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| Non- Therapeutic Communication - Interactions which causes patients to feel : | show 🗑
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| show | * Foundation for Therapeutic Communication
* Requires Concentration, skill, and active listening
*Remove distraction
* Prevent Interruptions or keep to a minimum
* Comfort * Note congruence * NOn- judgemental
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| show | * S sit with patient (preferably at 90 degree angle)
* O - Open posture (no crossing of arms or legs)
* L - lean forward
* E - eye contact ( appropriate)
* R - relax :)
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| show | * saying what one thinks, feels or wants in a direct , respectful way
* Adult communication
* Use "I" statements rather than "you" statements
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| show | * Matter of fact- stay cool and calm , avoid using a lot of emotions
* Non- attacking
* Be firm without being demeaning or critical
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| show | * Point out, in a caring way, discrepancies in what patients say and do
* Use perception check
** describe behavior
** Offer at least two possible interpretations
** Ask for feedback
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| Self Disclosure | show 🗑
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| Offers support | show 🗑
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| show | Assertivnes is marked by the use of " I statements" as opposed to " you statements" that blame or atack other person
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| Assertivness | show 🗑
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| Confrontation - By giving two alternatives, the nurse makes the messge tentative and gives the situation open for the client to provide feedback . | show 🗑
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| show | Pateints with psychoses are out of touch with reality
* thinking is out of reach
* speech is disorganized
* Ns- Focus on reality , do not reinforce psychotic thinking, remain calm , give adequate interpersonal space
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| show | * Provide comfort and assure safety
* Give brief explanation
* Be directive ("Sit down.Take a deep breath and focus on what I am saying ")
* Be calm.
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