LECOM Path Ch 9 environment nutritional
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| Phase I reactions are | Reduction, Hydrolysis, Oxidation (RHO)
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| Air particles are more pathogenic at what size? | Smaller 10um
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| Characteristic in acute carbon monoxide poisoning in whites | cherry red skin
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| RBCs with basophilic stippling points toward what type of poisoning | lead
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| Poor epiphyseal growth with hyperdense cortices on x-ray in child | lead
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| Tremor, gingivitis, bizarre behavior | mercury poisoning
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| The developing brain is very sensitive to what type of mercury | methyl mercury
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| Hyperpigmented skin, hyperkeratosis, numbness, and parasthesias caused by what poison? | arsenic
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| Obstructive lung disease due to alveolar macrophage necrosis, kidney damage, and osteoporosis, osteomalacia. Metal causing it? | cadmium
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| Benzene leads to | AML
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| Polycystic hydrocarbons lead to | lung and bladder cancer
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| DDT, PCB, and dioxin do what? | block endocrine receptors
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| Vinyl chloride causes what | angiosarcoma of the liver
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| MC exogenous cause of human cancers | tobacco
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| This can be measured in the blood to measure second hand smoke | continineP
Metabolite of ethanol that is toxic
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| Is NAD or NADH increased with ethanol break down | NADH
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| Increased NADH/NAD ratio in alcoholics causes what acid-base disturbance | lactic acidosis
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| HRT causes what | increased breast cancer, hypercoagulable state
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| Oral contraceptives cause | thromboembolism, CVD, reduce endometrial and ovarian cancer, Hepatic adenoma
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| Anabolic steroids can cause this liver disease | hepatic cholestasis
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| 50% of acute liver failure in the US is caused by | acetaminophen
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| Penetrave vs perforate | you penetrate tissue you perforate when you enter tissue and cause an exit wound
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| Burn of just the epidermis | superficial 1st degree
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| Burn to the dermis | 2nd degree or partial thickness
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| Burns down to subcutaneous tissue | 3rd degree or full thickness
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| MCC of infection in burn Pt | pseudomonas aeruginosa
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| You stop sweating in heat stroke or exhaustion? | stroke
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| Heat stroke is caused by | peripheral vasodialation with venous pooling
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| Rhabdo in heat stroke is caused by injury to what? | RYR1
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| What reaches high concentration intracellularly in hypothermia | salts
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| Ionizing radiation comes in these 5 forms | x-ray, gamma rays, high-energy neutrons, alpha and beta particles.
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| Radiation causes | fibrosis and fibrointimal thickening and arteriolar sclerosis
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| You are considered malnourished when your BMI drops below | 16
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| Children are considered malnourished when they drop to what percent below normal | 80%
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| What are the two protein compartments in your body | somatic and visceral
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| Marasmus effects what protein compartment more | somatic
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| Kwashiorkor effects which protein compartment more | visceral
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| Serum albumin levels in Marasmus and Kwashiorkor | normal in marasmus drastically depleted in kwashiorkor
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| This is seen in the urine of weight losing Pt’s with pancreatic, breast, colon and other cancers | PIF
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| This has the highest death rate of any psychiatric disorder | Anorexia nervosa
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| Sudden death from anorexia nervosa and bullemia is caused by | cardiac arrhythmias from hypokalemia
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| 4 Fat soluble vitamins | Vit DEAK
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| Pancreatic disturbances cause what type of Vitamin deficiency | fat soluble DEAK
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| Night blindness, corneal ulcers, keratinizing metaplasia | Vitamin A deficiency
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| HA, vomiting, dizziness, bone pain | Vit. A toxicity
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| Rickets in children, osteomalacia in adults | Vit D defic
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| Tetany and rachitic rosary | Vit. D def
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| Spinocerebellar degeneration | Vit E deficiency
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| Hypocoaguable states | Vit K deficiency
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| Dry/Wet beri beri, Korsakoff or Wernicke syndromes | B1 thiamine def
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| Cheilosis, stomatitis, glossitis | B1 def
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| Jbleeds and poor healing, bleeding gums, thinned osteoid matrix | Vit c deficiency, scurvey
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| 2 molecules produced by adipose tissue that make you skinny | leptin and adiponectin
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| Only molecule that makes you eat more. What produces it? | Ghrelin; stomach
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