Nutrition
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| What is a healthy B.M.I? | 18.5-24.9
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| The energy needed to maintain life sustaining activities for a specific period time at rest. | Basal Metabolic Rate (BMR)
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| Is the amount of energy an individual needs to consume over a 24 hr period for the body to maintain all internal working activities while at rest. RMR | Resting Energy Expenditure
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| The proportion of essential nutrients to the number of kilocalories. | Nutrient Density
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| The main source of energy in the diet. Brain Food! | Carbohydrates (CHO)
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| Proteins the body does not synthesize? | Indispensable AA
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| Proteins the body can synthesize? | Dispensable AA
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| The combination of a simple protein with a non-protein substance produces what? | Complex Protein
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| Are the most calorie-dense nutrient, providing 9 kcal/g? | Fats (Lipids)
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| Circulate in the blood and are made up of 3 fatty acids attached to a glycerol? | Triglycerides
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| Are composed of chains of carbon and hydrogen atoms with an acid group on one end of the chain and a methyl group at the other. | Fatty Acids
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| Each carbon in the chain has two attached hydrogen atoms. | Saturated Fatty Acids
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| An unequal number of Hydrogen atoms are attached and the carbon atoms attach to each other with double bonds. | Unsaturated Fatty Acids
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| Is the only essential fatty acid in humans? | Linoleic Acid
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| What percentage of water makes up body weight? | 60-70%
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| Have ↑ proportions of saturated fatty acids? | Animal Fats
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| Have ↑ proportions of unsaturated and poly-unsaturated fatty acids? | Vegetable Fats
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| (A,D,E,K) are stored in the fatty compartments of the body. | Fat Soluble Vitamins
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| Inorganic elements essential to the body as catalysts in biochemical reactions. | Minerals
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| Daily requirements are 100mg or more? | Macro-minerals
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| When <100mg is needed daily? | Trace elements
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| Vitamin C, and B-Complex? | Water Soluble Vitamins
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| Protein-like substances that act as catalysts to speed up chemical reactions. | Enzymes
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| Wavelike muscular contractions? | Peristalsis
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| General ill health and malnutrition marked by weakness and emaciation. | Cachexia
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| This enzyme digest starch? | Amylase
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| This enzyme breaks down emulsified fats? | Lipase
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| What is the fluid capacity of the stomach? | 1.5 Liters
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| All the biochemical reactions within the cells of the body. | Metabolism
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| The building of more complex biochemical substances by synthesis of nutrients. | Anabolism
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| The breakdown of biochemical substances into simpler substances and occurs during states of negative nitrogen balance. | Catabolism
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| How many servings of Grains per/day? | 6-11
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| How many servings of Vegetables per/day? | 3-5
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| How many servings of fruits per/day? | 2-4
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| How many servings of Milk per/day? | 2-3
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| How many servings of Meat and Beans per/day? | 2-3
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| Catabolism of glycogen into glucose, carbon dioxide, and water. | Glycogenolysis
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| Anabolism of glucose into glycogen for storage. | Glycogenesis
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| Catabolism of AA and glycerol into glucose for energy. | Gluconeogenesis
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| How many Calories in 1 lb of fat? | 3500 Calories
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| required for growth, normal pregnancy, maintenance of lean muscle mass and vital organs and wound healing | Positive Nitrogen Balance
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| body loses more nitrogen than the gains. Nitrogen loss is the result of body-tissue destruction or loss of nitrogen-containing body fluids. | Negative Nitrogen balance
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| EGGS AND MILK ONLY (no meat,fish,or poultry) | Ovolactovegeterian
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| Drinks milk but avoids eggs. | Lactovegetarian
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| What foods bind with Iron? | Wheat, Tanic acid from teas.
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| What Vitamin helps absorb Iron? | Vitamin C
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| A BMI from 25-29%? | Is Overweight.
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| A BMI >30%? | Is Obese
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| Therapeutic Diets types: Broth, bouillon, coffee, tea, carbonated beverages, clear fruit juices, gelatin, popsicles. | Clear Liquid Diets
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| Therapeutic Diets types: Smooth textured dairy products(e.g. ice cream), custards, refined cooked cereals, vegetable juice, pureed vegetable, all fruit juices. | Full Liquid Diets
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| Therapeutic Diets types: Scrambled eggs; pureed meats, vegetables, and fruits; mashed potatoes and gravy. | Pureed Diets
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| Therapeutic Diets types: Ground or finely diced meats, flaked fish, cottage cheese, cheese rice potatoes, pancakes, light bread, cooked vegetables, cooked or canned fruits, bananas, soups, peanut butter. | Mechanical Soft Diets
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| Therapeutic Diets types: Addition of low-fiber, easily digested foods, such as pastas, casseroles, moist tender meats, and canned cooked fruits and vegetables. Dessert, cakes, and cookies without nuts or coconut. | Soft/Low Residue Diets
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| Therapeutic Diets types: Addition of fresh uncooked fruits, steamed vegetables, bran, oatmeal, and dried fruits. | High Fiber
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| Therapeutic Diets types: 4-g (no added salt), 2-g, 1-g, or 500mg. | Low Sodium Diets
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| 300mg/day in keeping with the AHA guidelines for serum lipid reduction. | Low Cholesterol
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| Therapeutic Diets types: ADA 1800 cal, ;Includes balanced intake of CHO, fats, and proteins. | Diabetic Diet
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| Therapeutic Diets types: No restrictions, unless specified. | Regular Diet
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| Nutrients given into the GI tract. | Enteral Feeding
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| A form of specialized nutrition support in which nutrients are provided intravenously. | Parenteral Feeding (PPN/TNP)
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| Difference from TPN and PPN? | TPN is for more sever patients and is administered through a large central line catheter. PPN is for less severe patients and is administered through a peripheral line.
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| Decreased or absent innervation to the stomach that results in delayed gastric emptying. | Gastroparesis
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