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Nursing Nutrition69
Nutrition
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| What is a healthy B.M.I? | 18.5-24.9 |
| The energy needed to maintain life sustaining activities for a specific period time at rest. | Basal Metabolic Rate (BMR) |
| Is the amount of energy an individual needs to consume over a 24 hr period for the body to maintain all internal working activities while at rest. RMR | Resting Energy Expenditure |
| The proportion of essential nutrients to the number of kilocalories. | Nutrient Density |
| The main source of energy in the diet. Brain Food! | Carbohydrates (CHO) |
| Proteins the body does not synthesize? | Indispensable AA |
| Proteins the body can synthesize? | Dispensable AA |
| The combination of a simple protein with a non-protein substance produces what? | Complex Protein |
| Are the most calorie-dense nutrient, providing 9 kcal/g? | Fats (Lipids) |
| Circulate in the blood and are made up of 3 fatty acids attached to a glycerol? | Triglycerides |
| Are composed of chains of carbon and hydrogen atoms with an acid group on one end of the chain and a methyl group at the other. | Fatty Acids |
| Each carbon in the chain has two attached hydrogen atoms. | Saturated Fatty Acids |
| An unequal number of Hydrogen atoms are attached and the carbon atoms attach to each other with double bonds. | Unsaturated Fatty Acids |
| Is the only essential fatty acid in humans? | Linoleic Acid |
| What percentage of water makes up body weight? | 60-70% |
| Have ↑ proportions of saturated fatty acids? | Animal Fats |
| Have ↑ proportions of unsaturated and poly-unsaturated fatty acids? | Vegetable Fats |
| (A,D,E,K) are stored in the fatty compartments of the body. | Fat Soluble Vitamins |
| Inorganic elements essential to the body as catalysts in biochemical reactions. | Minerals |
| Daily requirements are 100mg or more? | Macro-minerals |
| When <100mg is needed daily? | Trace elements |
| Vitamin C, and B-Complex? | Water Soluble Vitamins |
| Protein-like substances that act as catalysts to speed up chemical reactions. | Enzymes |
| Wavelike muscular contractions? | Peristalsis |
| General ill health and malnutrition marked by weakness and emaciation. | Cachexia |
| This enzyme digest starch? | Amylase |
| This enzyme breaks down emulsified fats? | Lipase |
| What is the fluid capacity of the stomach? | 1.5 Liters |
| All the biochemical reactions within the cells of the body. | Metabolism |
| The building of more complex biochemical substances by synthesis of nutrients. | Anabolism |
| The breakdown of biochemical substances into simpler substances and occurs during states of negative nitrogen balance. | Catabolism |
| How many servings of Grains per/day? | 6-11 |
| How many servings of Vegetables per/day? | 3-5 |
| How many servings of fruits per/day? | 2-4 |
| How many servings of Milk per/day? | 2-3 |
| How many servings of Meat and Beans per/day? | 2-3 |
| Catabolism of glycogen into glucose, carbon dioxide, and water. | Glycogenolysis |
| Anabolism of glucose into glycogen for storage. | Glycogenesis |
| Catabolism of AA and glycerol into glucose for energy. | Gluconeogenesis |
| How many Calories in 1 lb of fat? | 3500 Calories |
| required for growth, normal pregnancy, maintenance of lean muscle mass and vital organs and wound healing | Positive Nitrogen Balance |
| body loses more nitrogen than the gains. Nitrogen loss is the result of body-tissue destruction or loss of nitrogen-containing body fluids. | Negative Nitrogen balance |
| EGGS AND MILK ONLY (no meat,fish,or poultry) | Ovolactovegeterian |
| Drinks milk but avoids eggs. | Lactovegetarian |
| What foods bind with Iron? | Wheat, Tanic acid from teas. |
| What Vitamin helps absorb Iron? | Vitamin C |
| A BMI from 25-29%? | Is Overweight. |
| A BMI >30%? | Is Obese |
| Therapeutic Diets types: Broth, bouillon, coffee, tea, carbonated beverages, clear fruit juices, gelatin, popsicles. | Clear Liquid Diets |
| Therapeutic Diets types: Smooth textured dairy products(e.g. ice cream), custards, refined cooked cereals, vegetable juice, pureed vegetable, all fruit juices. | Full Liquid Diets |
| Therapeutic Diets types: Scrambled eggs; pureed meats, vegetables, and fruits; mashed potatoes and gravy. | Pureed Diets |
| Therapeutic Diets types: Ground or finely diced meats, flaked fish, cottage cheese, cheese rice potatoes, pancakes, light bread, cooked vegetables, cooked or canned fruits, bananas, soups, peanut butter. | Mechanical Soft Diets |
| Therapeutic Diets types: Addition of low-fiber, easily digested foods, such as pastas, casseroles, moist tender meats, and canned cooked fruits and vegetables. Dessert, cakes, and cookies without nuts or coconut. | Soft/Low Residue Diets |
| Therapeutic Diets types: Addition of fresh uncooked fruits, steamed vegetables, bran, oatmeal, and dried fruits. | High Fiber |
| Therapeutic Diets types: 4-g (no added salt), 2-g, 1-g, or 500mg. | Low Sodium Diets |
| 300mg/day in keeping with the AHA guidelines for serum lipid reduction. | Low Cholesterol |
| Therapeutic Diets types: ADA 1800 cal, ;Includes balanced intake of CHO, fats, and proteins. | Diabetic Diet |
| Therapeutic Diets types: No restrictions, unless specified. | Regular Diet |
| Nutrients given into the GI tract. | Enteral Feeding |
| A form of specialized nutrition support in which nutrients are provided intravenously. | Parenteral Feeding (PPN/TNP) |
| Difference from TPN and PPN? | TPN is for more sever patients and is administered through a large central line catheter. PPN is for less severe patients and is administered through a peripheral line. |
| Decreased or absent innervation to the stomach that results in delayed gastric emptying. | Gastroparesis |
Created by:
BOjangles1006
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