III
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| Bone forming cells. | Osteoblast
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| The 3 categories of exercise? | Isotonic, Isometric, and Resistive Isometric
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| Reduction in the quantity of bone or atrophy of skeletal tissue. Occurs in postmenopausal women and elderly men. | Osteoporosis
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| Involve tightening or tensing of muscles without moving body parts. | Isometric Exercises
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| Cause muscle contractions cause change in muscle length. | Isotonic Exercises
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| The individual contracts the muscle while pushing against a stationary object or resisting the movement of an object. Push ups. | Resistive Isometric Exercises
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| What are 5 functions of bone? | Protection, Support, Mineral Storage, Movement, Hematopoesis.
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| Fit closely together and are fixed permitting little movement such as syndesmosis between tim and fib. | Fibrous Joint
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| Have little movement but are elastic. | Cartilaginous Joint
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| True Joints, freely movable? | Synovial Joint
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| Attach bone to bone? | Ligaments
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| Attach muscle to bone? | Tendons
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| Is nonvascular supporting connective tissue with the flexibility of a form of plastic material. | Cartilage
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| Contract to accomplish the same task. | Synergistic Muscles
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| Where is the major voluntary control motor area located? | Cerebral Cortex, Precentral Gyrus, or Motor Strip
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| Impaired movement due to altered neurotransmitter production. | Parkinsons Disease
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| Common demyelinated disorder of the CNS. | Multiple Sclerosis
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| Is the awareness of the position of the body and its parts. | Proprioception
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| What is the #1 cause of unintentional death in people >65 y/o? | Falls
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| Decreased calcification or density of bone? | Osteopenia
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| Works mainly below the waist for rehab? | Physical Therapist
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| Works mainly above the waist for rehab? | Occupational Therapist
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| What is balance controlled by? | Inner Ear and Cerebellum
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| Coordinates all voluntary skilled movement. | Cerebellum
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| Assist in maintaining balance. | Inner Ear
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| Is an inherited disorder that effects bones? | Osteogenesis Imperfecta
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| Is characterized by inflammation or destruction of the synovial membrane and articular cartilage. | Arthritis
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| Paralysis to one side of the body. | Hemiplegia
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| Weakness affecting one side of the body, involves sensory. | Hemiparesis
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| Unable to produce speech. | Expressive Aphasia
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| What are the 3 components of mobility? | Gait, ROM and Exercise
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| How often should you perform Isometric contractions? | 10 second reps with 8-10 sets with several seconds of relaxation in between reps.
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| The client is able to move his or her joints independently. | Active Range of Motion
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| The nurse moves each joint in clients who are unable to perform exercises. | Passive Range of Motion
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| Joints that are not mobilized are at risk for what? | Contractions
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| What prevents contractures? | Frequent Stretching
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| Immunity acquired by injection? | Active Immunity
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| Immunity acquired when antibodies produced by other persons or animals are introduced into a persons blood-stream for protection against pathogen. | Passive Immunity
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| What is a comfortable Humidity? | 60-70%
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| What is the major cause of death or disability among children? | Bicycle related injuries
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| Give info on the steps to take in case of a material is released or spilled? | MSDS's
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| How long does a seizure last approximately? | 2 min
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| Status Epilepticus is considered what? | A seizure lasting longer than 5 minutes.
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| A bright light, smell or taste that precipitates a seizure? | Aura
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| This phase of a seizure occurs after the seizure has occurred in which the client often has amnesia or confusion and falls into a deep sleep. | Postictal Phase
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| How often should you check smoke alarms? | Test Monthly and Change every 2 years (batteries).
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| Route: Skin contact, ingestion or Inhalation. S/S RR Failure, Bloody Diarrhea, Hematemesis. | Anthrax
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| Route: Ingestion. S/S Droopy eyelid, weak jaw clench, difficulty swallowing or speaking, blurred vision, Double Vision, Paralysis, Respiratory muscle paralysis. | Botulism
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| Route: Airborne/Droplet. S/S: Fever, cough, CP, Hemoptysis <24hrs. | Plague
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| Route: Airborne/Contact. S/S Flue like symptoms, Rash. | Small Pox
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| By what age should children have their immunizations by? | Before the age of 2 y/o
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| A systemic disease occurring more often in women which effects connective tissue surrounding joints. | Rheumatoid Arthritis
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| How often should you check on restraints? | Visual Q15 min. Tactile Q2 hrs
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| What does RACE stand for? | Rescue, Activate, Confine, Extinguish.
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| Can the skill of seizure precaution be delegated? | No
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| Influence the pattern of major biological and behavioral functions? | Circadian Rhythm
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| Where is the major sleep center? | Hypothalamus
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| What does RAS stand for and what does it do? | Reticular Activating System: Maintains Alertness and wakefulness.
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| What does BSR stand for and what does it do? | Bulbar Synchronizing Region and it causes sleep.
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| How many stages in the normal sleep cycle? How long is each stage? | S1,S2,S3,S4. 1: Few minutes, 2: 10-20min, 3: 15-30, 4:15-30.
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| What is REM and how long does it last? | Rapid Eye Movement sleep which permits deep sleep, vivid dreams. Last an average of 20 min.
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| What are stages 1 and 2 of NREM considered? | Light sleep
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| What are stages 3 and 4 of NREM considered? | Slow wave sleep. (deep sleep)
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| What is one normal sleep cycle? What is the average sleep cycles per night? | Pre-sleep, S1, S2, S3, S4, S3, S2, REM, S2. Average sleep cycles per night 4-5.
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| What are 3 types of sleep apnea? | Central, Obstructive or mixed.
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| Describe the way to go up and down stairs using crutches? | Going up: Good foot first, then crutches, then bad foot. Going Down: Crutches, Bad foot, Good foot.
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| What is a sudden muscle weakness during intense emotions? | Cataplexy
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| What is another name for teeth grinding? | Bruxism
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| Meds that induce sleep? | Hypnotics
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| Meds that calm and sooth? | Sedatives
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| Joint type: Bones joined by bones? | Synostic Joint
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| Genu Valgum: Legs curved inward. | Knock Knee
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| Genu Varum: Legs bent outward. | Bowlegs
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| Inability to dorsiflex. | Drop foot
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| The end product of amino acid breakdown? | Negative Nitrogen Balance
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| Inflammation of the lungs from stasis or pooling of secretions. | Hypostatic Pneumonia
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| Calcium stores that lodge in the renal pelvis or pass through the utterer. | Renal Calculi
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| Measures of Height, Weight, and skin fold thickness. | Anthropometric Measurements
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| Prevents external rotation of the hips when the client is in supine position. | Trochanter roll
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| Lesion type: Flat, non-palpable change in skin color. | Macule
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| Lesion type: palpable, circumscribed, solid elevation in skin. | Papule
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| Lesion type: elevated solid mass, deeper and firmer than papule. | Nodule
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| Lesion type: circumscribed elevated skin filled with serious fluid. | Vesicle
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| Lesion type: thinning of skin with loss of stability. | Atrophy
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| Ulcer type: intact skin with non-blanchable redness of a localized area, usually a bony prominence. | Stage I
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| Ulcer type: Partial thickness skin involving epidermis, dermis or both. | Stage II
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| Ulcer type: Full thickness tissue loss, subcutaneous fat may be visible, but bone, tendon, or muscle are not exposed. | Stage III
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| Ulcer type: Full thickness tissue loss with exposed bone, tendon or muscle. | Stage IV
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| Is red moist tissue composed of new blood vessels, the presence of which indicate progression toward healing. | Granulation Tissue
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| Soft yellow or white tissue. | Slough
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| Black or brown necrotic tissue. | Eschar
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| Surgical incision, wound that is sutured or stapled. | Primary intention
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| Wound edges are not approximated. | Secondary Intention
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| Wound edges are left open for several days, then wound edges are approximated. | Tertiary Intention
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| The partial or total separation of wound layers. | Dehiscence
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| What is an at risk patient number on the Braden Scale? | <18
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| What is an at risk patient number on the Norton Scale? | <14
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