Vet Dentistry
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| What adverse effect does tetracycline have on developing dental structures? | Discoloration
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| What adverse effect does fluorosis have on developing teeth? | Hypocalcification-->weaker tooth
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| What is the most common sequela of tooth formation seen from inflammation, trauma, infection, systemic dz, and endocrine activity | Hypocalcification
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| What are characteristics of hypocalcification? | softer, discolored, chalky, pitted enamel surface
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| What are characteristics of enamel hypoplasia? | Thin or reduced enamel layer on an area of a tooth either from reduced production or pressure on an enamel bud during development
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| How long does tooth eruption last? | for the life of the patient unless ankylosed, impacted, cystic, or lost
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| What is the PRE-ERUPTIVE phase of tooth development? | The dental germ must move as it develops to keep position in the developing jaws
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| What is the PRE-FUNCTIONAL phase of tooth eruption? | Once the crown has formed and root formation begins
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| What is the FUNCTIONAL phase of tooth eruption? | Initiates when a tooth comes into occlusion and ends when that tooth is ankylosed or lost or after the patient dies
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| What are 3 factors that influence the exfoliation of primary teeth? | genetics, hormones, nutrition
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| What position are permanent teeth deflected to as they erupt if there is delay in exfoliation of primary teeth? What are the 2 exceptions to this? | Lingual
except Maxillary canines: mesial
and maxillary carnassial: buccal
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| What imbalances can cause generalized retarded eruption? | hypothyroidism, cretinism, hypogonadism, mongolism, hypopituitarism
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| What factors are generally involved with single tooth retarded eruption | local factors
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| What is total anodontia? What is generally the cause? | total absence of teeth due to failure in development
Hereditary, may be associated with ectodermal dysplasia
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| What is a PRIMORDIAL cyst? | Where the tooth germ develops but undergoes cystic degeneration prior to the apposition of enamel or dentin
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| What is a DENTIGEROUS cyst? | the enamel organ undergoes cystic transformation at the stage of enamel and dentin apposition. Typically surrounds the crown of an incompletely formed or erupted tooth
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| What is an ODONTOMA? | a mass of irregularly mixed mineralized tissues of enamel, dentin, and cementum
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| What is one factor that can result in shortened teeth? | traumatic injury to the root areal resulting in ankylosis prior to full eruption
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| What is another factor that can result in a shortened tooth? | traumatic impaction (i.e. base narrow mand. canines that make traumatic contact with the roof of the mouth
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| What is the ideal time frame for interceptive orthodontics of deciduous malocclusions? | 4-8 weeks of age, 12 weeks max
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| What is WRY MOUTH? | When one of the four jaw quadrants is grossly out of proportion to the others, causing a facial deviation from midline
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| What is the rule of dental succession? | No successional and deciduous precursor teeth should be erupted simultaneously or in competition for the same dental arcade space at any time
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| What potential complications of deciduous tooth extraction must you warn the client of? | Changes/damage to permanent teeth: enamel pitting or major structural defects
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| What is a primary palatal cleft? | Failure to close at the junction of the incisal area with one or both of the maxillary processes
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| What is a secondary palatal cleft? | Failure to close at midline behind the incisal area involving the hard and/or soft palate
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| What is BIRD TONGUE? | Microglossia. Generally the first recognized manifestation of developmental abnormality that also affects the neural, musculoskeletal, and ocular tissues.
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| When is conventional orthodontic therapy ok to apply in young animals? | when the teeth are fully erupted and the roots are well on their way to maturity
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| What are potential complications of premature orthodontic therapy? | Reduced root structure due to either
premature closure of the apex
or resorption of root structure
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| What is the preferred endodontic therapy for an immature (open apex) vital tooth with pulp exposure? | Vital pulpotomy
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| What is APEXOGENESIS? | When endodontic therapy performed on a vital tooth w/open apex allows normal maturation and closure of the apex by maintaining vitality of the pulp
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| What is APEXIFICATION? | When an immature permanent tooth with open apex loses vitality, placement of CaOH after cleaning the root canal stimulates apex closure
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| What are the goals of apexogenesis and apexification? | to attain sufficient apical closure that will be firm enought to maintain an effective seal for eventual traditional root canal
to allow sufficient root structure development to support crown function
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| What is the recommended tx for a horizontal root fracture in an immature permanent tooth? | Fracture reduction and stablization (77% success in children)
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| What is the term for normal embryologic development of enamel? | amelogenesis
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| How do primary palatal clefts develop? JVD Spring 2011 | failure of fusion of the maxillary processes at the midline
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| How do secondary palatal clefts develop? JVD Spring 2011 | when one or both of the maxillary processes fail to fuse with the nasal septum
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| What factors can cause palatal defects? JVD Spring 2011 | metabolic disorders, antibiotics, corticosteroids, vit A, heredity
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