Mythology Test 1.0
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| logos | word, story, reason, verifiable account - argument, logic, persuasion, evidence, detachment, yes or no, either or, verifiable and predictable
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| mythos | story-questionable - stories, narrative, spell-binding, tradition, involvement, yes AND no, both\and, satisfying and familiar
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| poesis | the making
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| Minoans (Prehellenic peoples) | Goddess centered - chthonian - settled - agricultural - theriomorphism (animals)
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| Mycenaeans (Indo-Europeans) | Sky god centered - Olympian - nomadic - pastoral - anthropomorphism (man)
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| mulkural | the spirit from the Dream Time of the tribe David is associated with (ancestry) in The Last Wave.
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| Cyclopes | The 1-eyed chthonian beings birthed by Gaia and Ouranos. They give Zeus his lightning and help fight the titans--example of mediation between the two worlds
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| titans | the chthonian beings birthed by Gaia and Ouranos. Trapped in the depths of Mt. Tartaros by Zeus
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| Olympian offering | Burning the flesh into essence, an inorganic matter the gods can take in
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| Chthonian offering | blood ran into the Earth in pits for the chthonian deities
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| phallic | looks like a penis
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| "primordial sexual totality" | the original scheme--where the deities had wombs and phallic (heads generally). Both the potency of a male with the fertility of a female--both genders (womb tomb)
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| Mistress of Beasts | power over and nurtures nature--turns into Mountain Mother then Cybele-- the epitome of primordial sexual totality--powerful and inherently chthonian
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| labrys | the double axe -- (resembles a bull)
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| Minotaur | half bull, half human whom guarded the labyrinth built to hold it -- killed by Theseus -- example of Minoan and bull symbolism
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| Labyrinth | The structure built to keep the Minotaur in
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| oikos | inside - dominated by femininity and matriarchs (Age 1-7)
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| polis | outside - male dominated and based on having/hating feminine qualities (removed from oikos and thrown here)
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| gynaikonitis | women's quarters in the houses
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| hoplite | the middle class of Athens - bought their own armor to fight for the city state
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| hoplon | round shield used by the hoplites
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| time | honor
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| Male Psyche | tendency to organize experiences into strong oppositions of male vs. female
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| chthon | earth -- that one is born out of and dies back into --organic, living matter
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| Chthonian | Earth (Gaia), chthonic, female, womb, inside, house, matter, multiplicity, theriomorphic, noise
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| Olympian | Sky (Ouranos), Olympian, male, phallus, outside, agora, essence, anthropomorphic, harmony (music)
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| parthenogenesis | creating without needing both sexes --primordial sexual totality, as done by Gaia--when Hera tries, her child is lame
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| 100-handers | Chthonian beings who helped Zeus fight the Titans -- mediation
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| Mediation | Using the power of the other side against it or acting as a middle ground -- Demeter, Cyclopes and 100-handers,
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| Athena | Zeus' daughter -- born out of his head after he swallows Metis -- asexual and born without the taint of the womb -- brings the chthonian world with her
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| Gorgoneion | the head of medusa on Athena's garment like a brooch -- snakes woven into sides
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| Hephaistos (Vulcan) | the lame god born of Hera parthenogenetically-- god of the wilderness, trades (carries the axe)
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| aer | air we breathe (humans)
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| aither | air the gods (olympians) breathe
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| Aphrodite | goddess of desire -- born from Ouranos' testicles/penis in the ocean -- falls for Anchises and has his child -- it is raised by Nymphs
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| Anchises | Aphrodite's lover who was a shepherd, mortal, from Troy
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| Mt. Ida | the mountain Cybele hails from -- Aphrodite touches down there and returns to her Mistress of Beasts roots
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| Ganymede | the lover/servant boy of Zeus -- also from Troy
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| nymphs | neither mortal nor immortal--live a long time, and eat immortal food on earth
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| ephebe | on the point of youth -- 18/19
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| Apollo | Young, handsome poster-child for Olympians -- plays Lyre, sings--bringer of steady, clear light of noon--rationality, clear thinking that separates and defines -- individuality
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| Principium individuationis | individuality
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| gnothi seauton | know thyself
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| meden agan | nothing too much
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| Delphi | center of greece -- site of Apollo's temple with important oracles -- Pythia (priestess) -- shared with Dionysus
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| Crete | center of Minoan civilization
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| Tartaros | the mountain where the Titans were thrown and locked into the earth -- chthon
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| Pytho | From 'rot' -- name of she-dragon who raised Typhoios and whom Apollo slayed -- town named after
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| Telphousa | nymph whom Apollo slayed after she tricked him -- he took her name (and her identity)
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| uruboros | eternal cycling of matter in the earth, out of which animals are born and die into -- snake eating its own tail
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| athanatoi | immortals -- don't die
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| thnetoi | diers -- capable of death
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| haima | blood
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| ichor | what gods have as blood
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| brotos | bread
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| ambrotoi | non-organic matter
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| wine/water | what humans drink
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| nectar | what olympians drink
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| organic matter | what humans ingest and chthonians
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| ambrosia | non-organic matter that olympians ingest
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| Demeter | goddess of fertility, grain, (da-meter--earth momther), holds a torch to light her way to search for persephone in the underworld--mediated with Zeus by refusing the world's fertility
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| Persephone | Demeter's daughter who is kidnapped by Hades -- spends 1/3 below and 2/3 above -- desired change and to be below
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| axis mundi | conveys from one world to the other--acts as a connector between worlds (limen - threshold)
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| Hecate | goddess of the black arts and healing
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| Female Archetype | maiden--limen--mother--limen--crone, persephone--demeter--hecate
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| Male Archetype | boy--limen--man
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| kukeon | ritual drink of Demeter's mysteries
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| aetiological myth | explains the origins of a cult action, phenomenon, or practice
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| pomegranate | expresses fertility, sexuality, and death and AFFIRMS the unity of all the processes as phases of the same
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| Demetreioi | the dead are "Demeter's own" and the graves are sown with wheat
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| Thesmophoria | women's festival of Demeter @ Athens -- no men--burial and unearthing of sacrificed piglet as magic fertilizer--snakes among remains--dough snakes and phalloi made
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| Female tripartite | the representation of 3 females per myth--maiden, mother, crone
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| Eleusis | Site of Demeter's mysteries cult meetings--individual resurrection through individual integration into nature
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| Lago Pergusa | the lake (and spot) where Hades dragged Persephone into the underworld
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| Attis | god of vegetation--cybele's son/lover--killed by unmanning himself under a pine tree--sexual potency for goddess
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| eniautos daimon | Consorts of the great goddess--the Year Gods
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| Year God | Osiris, Tammuz, Adonis, and Attis -- represent yearly decay and revival of life--died yearly and rose from dead--in conjunction with Cybele
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| Artemis | Virgin goddess worshipped as fertility deity in cahoots with Cybele--castrated men used as sacrifice--'mistress of the animals'--bow
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| Astarte | castrated men used as sacrifice--Ishtar--became accepted as Aphrodite--fertility and sexuality
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| Artemis of Ephesus | greatly shows fertility--decorated by sacrificed bull testicles
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| Dionysus | wild--civilization, animates, arouses, initiation, ecstacy, aulos, mediator between earth and sky--the "force that drives the green fuse"--dynamic life energy--de-individuation, turning into a volatile compound--patron of wine, theater, democratic politic
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| Friedrich Nietzsche | Wrote "Birth of Tragedy" comparing and contrasting Dionysus and Apollo, finally well-defining Dionysus
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| Adonis--Tammuz | Baby to Persephone to hide, she didn't want to give back. 1/2 to Ishtar, 1/2 year to Persephone
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| Osiris | Year god--Iris is his woman--went searching for him after Set (Typhon) locked in coffin and sent down the river
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| aulos | double flute played by thiasos (crew of Dion) --immoral
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| Mt. Nysa | Zeus of Nysa--chthonian Zeus--where Dionysus gets his name
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| Omphalos | the naval stone coughed up by Kronos--said to be Dionysus' headstone
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| consort | boyfriends, lovers, donate semen
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| thyrsus | fennel stalk wand
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| satyr | human legs, horse/goat heads
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| maenads | liberated women who followed Dionysus
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| sparagmos | tearing apart live animals
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| omophagia | eating raw flesh
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| orgia | rites of Dionysus
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| symposion | drinking parties of Dionysus
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| sophrosyne | balance, moderation
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| Kottabus | game played at symposion
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| Hermes | (Mercury)travels between the two worlds--acts as psychopomp--god of the inbetween
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| psychopomp | soul guide
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| psyche | souls
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| Aegis | the round shield of Athena
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| Maia | Nymph (mother) of Hermes--Mt. Cyllene
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| Lyre | musical instrument of Apollo that has chthonian roots
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| Cadeuces | the staff of Hermes with wings/snakes
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| herm | ithyphallic boundary stones to ward off evil
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| ithyphallic | erect penis
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| Trickster | disobedient, defiant, resilient, holy fool, benefactor, buffoon, improvisor, mediator -- Coyote, Bugs Bunny, Charlie Chaplin
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| Simone de Beauvoir | wrote the book "The Second Sex" detailing why greek men hated and feared women
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| Polarities | opposite ends of a spectrum--extremes
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| Demophoon | the child Demeter fed nectar and tried to turn immortal by burning the mortality out of him
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| Gaia | literally Earth--the primordial sexual totality
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| Cybele | the mountain mother of mistress of beasts--resided on Mt. Ida
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| Ouranos | Child and lover of Gaia--they produced the Titans--tried to shove his children back in earth--died by Kronos cutting off his testicles (which birthed Athena)
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| Kronos | Son of Ouranos and Gaia--father of the Olympians--tried to swallow his children
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| Typhoios | Creature of Gaia and Tartaros--chthonian monster Zeus slayed
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| Zeus | Father supreme of the Olympian gods, hurls lightning bolts and rules shit
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| Mt. Olympus | Where the Olympian gods live
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| Narcissus | the axis-mundi for persephone
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| Charon | the ferryman to the underworld
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| Cerberus | the evil dog thing that guards the underworld
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| Chimera | Part lion, snake, and goat
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| Homer | Poet who wrote the Homeric Hymns, the Illiad, and the Odyssey
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| James Frazer | Wrote The Golden Bough which is a book that documents magical and religious beliefs around the globe
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| secretism | keeping secrets as a part of a religious practice
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| Eurydice | Orpheus' nymph wife, Apollo's daughter
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| Gardens of Adonis | Planted by women who rejoiced in their growth and then mourned their death
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| Pan | half man, half goat--god of pastures and the wild
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| Tithonus | Lover of Eos (Dawn) given immortality but not given immortal youth--grows old and is shut away
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| Hesiod | Poet credited with writing Theogeny and The Works--a lot of Greek religion is written down by him
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| Metanira | Mother of the son Demeter tried to make immortal
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| Mt. Kithairon | Sacred to Dionysus--where Prometheus was exposed on the rock
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| Hestia | Daughter of Kronos and Rhea--virgin goddess of the hearth, architecture, and the home
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| Muses | Daughters of Zeus--responsible for inspiration
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| Centaur | men top, horse bottoms
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| Atlas | Primordial Titan who supported the heavens
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| Ares | God of war, son of Zeus and Hera,
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| Oedipus | fulfilled a prophecy that said he would kill his father and marry his mother, and thus brought disaster on his city and family--
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