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Mythology Test 1.0
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| logos | word, story, reason, verifiable account - argument, logic, persuasion, evidence, detachment, yes or no, either or, verifiable and predictable |
| mythos | story-questionable - stories, narrative, spell-binding, tradition, involvement, yes AND no, both\and, satisfying and familiar |
| poesis | the making |
| Minoans (Prehellenic peoples) | Goddess centered - chthonian - settled - agricultural - theriomorphism (animals) |
| Mycenaeans (Indo-Europeans) | Sky god centered - Olympian - nomadic - pastoral - anthropomorphism (man) |
| mulkural | the spirit from the Dream Time of the tribe David is associated with (ancestry) in The Last Wave. |
| Cyclopes | The 1-eyed chthonian beings birthed by Gaia and Ouranos. They give Zeus his lightning and help fight the titans--example of mediation between the two worlds |
| titans | the chthonian beings birthed by Gaia and Ouranos. Trapped in the depths of Mt. Tartaros by Zeus |
| Olympian offering | Burning the flesh into essence, an inorganic matter the gods can take in |
| Chthonian offering | blood ran into the Earth in pits for the chthonian deities |
| phallic | looks like a penis |
| "primordial sexual totality" | the original scheme--where the deities had wombs and phallic (heads generally). Both the potency of a male with the fertility of a female--both genders (womb tomb) |
| Mistress of Beasts | power over and nurtures nature--turns into Mountain Mother then Cybele-- the epitome of primordial sexual totality--powerful and inherently chthonian |
| labrys | the double axe -- (resembles a bull) |
| Minotaur | half bull, half human whom guarded the labyrinth built to hold it -- killed by Theseus -- example of Minoan and bull symbolism |
| Labyrinth | The structure built to keep the Minotaur in |
| oikos | inside - dominated by femininity and matriarchs (Age 1-7) |
| polis | outside - male dominated and based on having/hating feminine qualities (removed from oikos and thrown here) |
| gynaikonitis | women's quarters in the houses |
| hoplite | the middle class of Athens - bought their own armor to fight for the city state |
| hoplon | round shield used by the hoplites |
| time | honor |
| Male Psyche | tendency to organize experiences into strong oppositions of male vs. female |
| chthon | earth -- that one is born out of and dies back into --organic, living matter |
| Chthonian | Earth (Gaia), chthonic, female, womb, inside, house, matter, multiplicity, theriomorphic, noise |
| Olympian | Sky (Ouranos), Olympian, male, phallus, outside, agora, essence, anthropomorphic, harmony (music) |
| parthenogenesis | creating without needing both sexes --primordial sexual totality, as done by Gaia--when Hera tries, her child is lame |
| 100-handers | Chthonian beings who helped Zeus fight the Titans -- mediation |
| Mediation | Using the power of the other side against it or acting as a middle ground -- Demeter, Cyclopes and 100-handers, |
| Athena | Zeus' daughter -- born out of his head after he swallows Metis -- asexual and born without the taint of the womb -- brings the chthonian world with her |
| Gorgoneion | the head of medusa on Athena's garment like a brooch -- snakes woven into sides |
| Hephaistos (Vulcan) | the lame god born of Hera parthenogenetically-- god of the wilderness, trades (carries the axe) |
| aer | air we breathe (humans) |
| aither | air the gods (olympians) breathe |
| Aphrodite | goddess of desire -- born from Ouranos' testicles/penis in the ocean -- falls for Anchises and has his child -- it is raised by Nymphs |
| Anchises | Aphrodite's lover who was a shepherd, mortal, from Troy |
| Mt. Ida | the mountain Cybele hails from -- Aphrodite touches down there and returns to her Mistress of Beasts roots |
| Ganymede | the lover/servant boy of Zeus -- also from Troy |
| nymphs | neither mortal nor immortal--live a long time, and eat immortal food on earth |
| ephebe | on the point of youth -- 18/19 |
| Apollo | Young, handsome poster-child for Olympians -- plays Lyre, sings--bringer of steady, clear light of noon--rationality, clear thinking that separates and defines -- individuality |
| Principium individuationis | individuality |
| gnothi seauton | know thyself |
| meden agan | nothing too much |
| Delphi | center of greece -- site of Apollo's temple with important oracles -- Pythia (priestess) -- shared with Dionysus |
| Crete | center of Minoan civilization |
| Tartaros | the mountain where the Titans were thrown and locked into the earth -- chthon |
| Pytho | From 'rot' -- name of she-dragon who raised Typhoios and whom Apollo slayed -- town named after |
| Telphousa | nymph whom Apollo slayed after she tricked him -- he took her name (and her identity) |
| uruboros | eternal cycling of matter in the earth, out of which animals are born and die into -- snake eating its own tail |
| athanatoi | immortals -- don't die |
| thnetoi | diers -- capable of death |
| haima | blood |
| ichor | what gods have as blood |
| brotos | bread |
| ambrotoi | non-organic matter |
| wine/water | what humans drink |
| nectar | what olympians drink |
| organic matter | what humans ingest and chthonians |
| ambrosia | non-organic matter that olympians ingest |
| Demeter | goddess of fertility, grain, (da-meter--earth momther), holds a torch to light her way to search for persephone in the underworld--mediated with Zeus by refusing the world's fertility |
| Persephone | Demeter's daughter who is kidnapped by Hades -- spends 1/3 below and 2/3 above -- desired change and to be below |
| axis mundi | conveys from one world to the other--acts as a connector between worlds (limen - threshold) |
| Hecate | goddess of the black arts and healing |
| Female Archetype | maiden--limen--mother--limen--crone, persephone--demeter--hecate |
| Male Archetype | boy--limen--man |
| kukeon | ritual drink of Demeter's mysteries |
| aetiological myth | explains the origins of a cult action, phenomenon, or practice |
| pomegranate | expresses fertility, sexuality, and death and AFFIRMS the unity of all the processes as phases of the same |
| Demetreioi | the dead are "Demeter's own" and the graves are sown with wheat |
| Thesmophoria | women's festival of Demeter @ Athens -- no men--burial and unearthing of sacrificed piglet as magic fertilizer--snakes among remains--dough snakes and phalloi made |
| Female tripartite | the representation of 3 females per myth--maiden, mother, crone |
| Eleusis | Site of Demeter's mysteries cult meetings--individual resurrection through individual integration into nature |
| Lago Pergusa | the lake (and spot) where Hades dragged Persephone into the underworld |
| Attis | god of vegetation--cybele's son/lover--killed by unmanning himself under a pine tree--sexual potency for goddess |
| eniautos daimon | Consorts of the great goddess--the Year Gods |
| Year God | Osiris, Tammuz, Adonis, and Attis -- represent yearly decay and revival of life--died yearly and rose from dead--in conjunction with Cybele |
| Artemis | Virgin goddess worshipped as fertility deity in cahoots with Cybele--castrated men used as sacrifice--'mistress of the animals'--bow |
| Astarte | castrated men used as sacrifice--Ishtar--became accepted as Aphrodite--fertility and sexuality |
| Artemis of Ephesus | greatly shows fertility--decorated by sacrificed bull testicles |
| Dionysus | wild--civilization, animates, arouses, initiation, ecstacy, aulos, mediator between earth and sky--the "force that drives the green fuse"--dynamic life energy--de-individuation, turning into a volatile compound--patron of wine, theater, democratic politic |
| Friedrich Nietzsche | Wrote "Birth of Tragedy" comparing and contrasting Dionysus and Apollo, finally well-defining Dionysus |
| Adonis--Tammuz | Baby to Persephone to hide, she didn't want to give back. 1/2 to Ishtar, 1/2 year to Persephone |
| Osiris | Year god--Iris is his woman--went searching for him after Set (Typhon) locked in coffin and sent down the river |
| aulos | double flute played by thiasos (crew of Dion) --immoral |
| Mt. Nysa | Zeus of Nysa--chthonian Zeus--where Dionysus gets his name |
| Omphalos | the naval stone coughed up by Kronos--said to be Dionysus' headstone |
| consort | boyfriends, lovers, donate semen |
| thyrsus | fennel stalk wand |
| satyr | human legs, horse/goat heads |
| maenads | liberated women who followed Dionysus |
| sparagmos | tearing apart live animals |
| omophagia | eating raw flesh |
| orgia | rites of Dionysus |
| symposion | drinking parties of Dionysus |
| sophrosyne | balance, moderation |
| Kottabus | game played at symposion |
| Hermes | (Mercury)travels between the two worlds--acts as psychopomp--god of the inbetween |
| psychopomp | soul guide |
| psyche | souls |
| Aegis | the round shield of Athena |
| Maia | Nymph (mother) of Hermes--Mt. Cyllene |
| Lyre | musical instrument of Apollo that has chthonian roots |
| Cadeuces | the staff of Hermes with wings/snakes |
| herm | ithyphallic boundary stones to ward off evil |
| ithyphallic | erect penis |
| Trickster | disobedient, defiant, resilient, holy fool, benefactor, buffoon, improvisor, mediator -- Coyote, Bugs Bunny, Charlie Chaplin |
| Simone de Beauvoir | wrote the book "The Second Sex" detailing why greek men hated and feared women |
| Polarities | opposite ends of a spectrum--extremes |
| Demophoon | the child Demeter fed nectar and tried to turn immortal by burning the mortality out of him |
| Gaia | literally Earth--the primordial sexual totality |
| Cybele | the mountain mother of mistress of beasts--resided on Mt. Ida |
| Ouranos | Child and lover of Gaia--they produced the Titans--tried to shove his children back in earth--died by Kronos cutting off his testicles (which birthed Athena) |
| Kronos | Son of Ouranos and Gaia--father of the Olympians--tried to swallow his children |
| Typhoios | Creature of Gaia and Tartaros--chthonian monster Zeus slayed |
| Zeus | Father supreme of the Olympian gods, hurls lightning bolts and rules shit |
| Mt. Olympus | Where the Olympian gods live |
| Narcissus | the axis-mundi for persephone |
| Charon | the ferryman to the underworld |
| Cerberus | the evil dog thing that guards the underworld |
| Chimera | Part lion, snake, and goat |
| Homer | Poet who wrote the Homeric Hymns, the Illiad, and the Odyssey |
| James Frazer | Wrote The Golden Bough which is a book that documents magical and religious beliefs around the globe |
| secretism | keeping secrets as a part of a religious practice |
| Eurydice | Orpheus' nymph wife, Apollo's daughter |
| Gardens of Adonis | Planted by women who rejoiced in their growth and then mourned their death |
| Pan | half man, half goat--god of pastures and the wild |
| Tithonus | Lover of Eos (Dawn) given immortality but not given immortal youth--grows old and is shut away |
| Hesiod | Poet credited with writing Theogeny and The Works--a lot of Greek religion is written down by him |
| Metanira | Mother of the son Demeter tried to make immortal |
| Mt. Kithairon | Sacred to Dionysus--where Prometheus was exposed on the rock |
| Hestia | Daughter of Kronos and Rhea--virgin goddess of the hearth, architecture, and the home |
| Muses | Daughters of Zeus--responsible for inspiration |
| Centaur | men top, horse bottoms |
| Atlas | Primordial Titan who supported the heavens |
| Ares | God of war, son of Zeus and Hera, |
| Oedipus | fulfilled a prophecy that said he would kill his father and marry his mother, and thus brought disaster on his city and family-- |
Created by:
berge
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