Mood Disorders
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| Who does depression affect? | 10% of population; F:M 2:1; younger women; older men; single men; married women; seasonality
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| What is the affect of mood disorders? | emotional reaction associated with a particular experience; facial expression is blunt or flat
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| What is a part of the continuum of mood? | clinical or major depression; Situational Depression; Dysthymia; Euthymia; Hypomania; Mania
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| What is in the middle and is known as "normal" in the continuum of mood strain? | Euthymia
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| What are some examples used for diagnosing major depression? | depressed mood; diminished interest pleasure; >5% weight change in one month; daily insomnia or hypersomnia; behavioral agitation or retardation; feelings of worthlessness or guilt; inability to concentrate; recurrent thoughts of death
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| Who many symptoms must occur and for how long to be diagnosed as major depression? | five or more lasting for a two week period
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| ALL must be true when diagnosing for major depression? | no episodes of mania or hypomanina or else it becomes bipolar; significant distress or impairment in life roles; symptoms not related to drugs; symptoms not related to bereavement
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| What are some examples used for diagnosing Dysthymia? | appetite changes; sleep changes; low energy/fatigue; low self-esteem; poor concentration; hopelessness
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| Who many symptoms do you need to have to be diagnosed with Dysthymia and for how long? | two or more symptoms and for at least two years
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| What is bipolar disorder? | extreme mood swings from severe mania to severe depression
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| What is a manic episode? | abnormally and persistently elevated, expansive, or irritable mood lasting >1wk
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| What are some symptoms of a manic episode? | inflated self-esteem; decreased need for sleep; pressured speech; flight of ideas; distractibility; increased activity; increased in pleasurable activities
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| What is Bipolar I? | current or previous episode of mania; may or may not have hx of depression.
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| What is Bipolar II? | recurrent bouts of depression; episodic bouts of hypomania.
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| What is Cyclothymic Disorder? | 2 year history of depressive/hypomanic episodes; no major depression or manic episodes; no other DSM dx; symptoms not due to drugs; symptoms cause significant distress
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| What is hypomania? | person who has lots of energy, doesn't need much sleep but does not have insomnia, bright, creative, productive, easily distracted IE Robin Williams
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| Freud's theory on depression. | psychoanalytic: thought when people became dressed its' because of a loss
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| Meloncalia | anger turned inward
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| Seligman's theory on depression. | IE of dogs in the box with shocks on the ground. learned helplessness. when in situation where what ever you do will cause punishment, it ultimately causes depression
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| Beck's cognitive theory of depression. | negative expectations in the environment, of the self and of the future. operates on the assumption that we can teach people to recognize these thoughts and stop them.
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| Nursing interventions when client is diagnosed with depression. | ask them if they want to hurt themselves or anyone else today. help them. be there for them. help with meds
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| What is Transcranial Magnet Therapy? | newer treatment. use magnets to deliver short bursts to brain, does not create convulsions, not too common
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| What is the the benefit of psychotherapy? | helps teach coping skills
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| What are Kubler-Ross stages of grief? | denial anger bargaining depression acceptance
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| What is distorted grief? | person is stuck in the anger phase cultural deviations may make this hard to label (what are the norms for certain cultures)
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