Immune System
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| show | provides a specific reaction to each invading antigen and has the unique ability to remember the antigen that caused the attack
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| What is an Allergen? | show 🗑
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| What is an Antigen? | show 🗑
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| show | the process of weakening the degree of virulence of a disease organism
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| show | the mechanism of acquired immunity characterized by the dominant role of small T cells
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| What is Humoral Immunity? | show 🗑
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| What is an Immunogen? | show 🗑
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| What is Innate Immunity? | show 🗑
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| What is the 1st line of defense? | show 🗑
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| What are the anatomic barriers? | show 🗑
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| show | Inflammatory Response
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| What is the third line of defense? | show 🗑
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| What WBC directs the immune response? | show 🗑
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| show | the protein substances (also called “immunoglobulins”) produced by the immune system in response to exposure to an antigen
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| What are Lymphokines? | show 🗑
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| show | removal of plasma that contains components causing or thought to cause disease
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| show | *To protect the body against invading organisms *To maintain homeostasis by removing damaged cells from circulation *To serve as a surveillance network for recognizing and guarding against the development and growth of abnormal cells
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| show | *WBCs *Thymus *Spleen *Bone Marrow *Lymph
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| What cells fall under the INNATE immune system? | show 🗑
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| show | Thymus
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| show | Bone Marrow
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| How do antigens, macrophages, and T cells interact? | show 🗑
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| What happens to B-Cells once exposed to an antigen in the lymph tissue? | show 🗑
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| show | *Interaction with T-helper cells
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| What form of immunity responds to antigens such as bacteria and foreign tissue? | show 🗑
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| show | Cellular Immunity
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| show | Plasma B-cells
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| Immune Hypersensitivity Disorder is believed to be a genetic defect that allows increased production of what? | show 🗑
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| show | an increased susceptibility to infection
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| What medication is given at first sign of Anaphylaxis? | show 🗑
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| show | 15-minute intervals as prescribed by physician (every 15 min x 3 doses according to guest speaker)
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| What is the long term antibody producing Plasma B-cell? | show 🗑
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| show | IgM
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| What is the primary secretory antibody producing Plasma B-cell? | show 🗑
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| What is the allergic/parasite/anaphylactic antibody producing Plasma B-cell? | show 🗑
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| show | Just T-cells and/or B-cells
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| show | *oral ulcers *arthralgias or arthritis *vasculitis (polyarthralgia and polyarteritis in 90-95% of patients) *Malar (butterfly) rash *Nephritis *Pleural effusions *Anemia tends to be the most common complication
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| show | *NSAIDs to reduce inflammation *antimalarial drugs (hydroxychloroquine) *corticosteroids (such as prednisone), and antineoplastic drugs (Imuran, Cytoxan, Leukeran) to achieve remission or control signs and symptoms
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| What is plasma replaced with in plamapheresis? | show 🗑
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| show | *Antinuclear antibodies (autoantibody) *Antigen - antibody complexes *Inflammatory mediators
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| show | 500
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| Fill in the blanks:With use of apheresis for plasmapheresis procedures over ____ of plasma can be pheresed in 2-3 hours. | show 🗑
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| show | Hypocalcemia, Citrate is used as an anticoagulant and it has a negating effect on calcium (AKA Citrate toxicity)
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| Blood and blood components should be refrigerated at specific temperatures until how long before administration? | show 🗑
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| show | 4 hours
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| Only what type of I.V. Fluid is to be used with blood transfusions? | show 🗑
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| show | 10cc - 25cc
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| show | Immediately stop the blood and infuse normal saline. Notify the charge nurse and physician immediately
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| show | *The unused blood and recipient tubing *10 ml specimen of the patient's venous blood *Post transfusion urine specimen
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| A unit of blood must be infused over how long unless what? | show 🗑
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| show | SF 518
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| show | Hours to Days
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| What are the S/Sx of a mild blood transfusion reaction? | show 🗑
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| show | 30-90 minutes
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| show | *Fever *Chills *Urticaria *Wheezing
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| How long after the start of a blood transfusion does a severe reaction occur? | show 🗑
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| How long can blood be frozen and stored? | show 🗑
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