Chapter 14 Flashcards- Cardiovascular System
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| What are the three components of blood plasma? | Protiens, water, other solutes
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| What are the 2 components of whole blood? | Blood Plasma, Formed Elements
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| What are the three main protiens found in the blood? | Albumins, Globulins, Fibinogen
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| What are the 6 sollutes commonly found in Blood? | Electrolytes, Nutirents, Gases, Regulatory Substances, vitamins, waste products
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| What are the 5 classes of white blood cells? | Neutrophils, Lymphocytes, Monocytes, Eosinophils, Basophils.
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| What is the definition of a formed element? | Cells, and cell fragments.
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| What are the classes of formed elements? | RBC, WBC, Platlets
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| What is the relationship between erythrocytes and erythropoesis? | Erythropoesis is the formation of erythrocytes. Aka Red Blood Cells
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| What is the relationship between reticulocytes and red blood cells? | Reticulocytes are red blood cells without the nucleas.
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| What is the role of a neutrophil? | Respond to bacterial infection using phagocytosis
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| What is the role of a monocyte? | respond to baterical infection using phagocytosis
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| What is the role of a eosinophil? | release enzymes that combat inflamation
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| What is the role of a basophile? | involved in inflamatory responses; histamine
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| What is the role of B-cells? | Produce antibodies
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| What is the role of T-cells? | attack viruses, fungi, bacteria, ect...
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| What is the role of natural killer cells? | attack infectious microbes
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| What is hemostasis? | the process that stops bleeding
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| What are the three methods of reduction of blood loss? | vascular spasm, platelet plug formation, blood clotting
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| What is hemorrhage? | Loss of large amount of blood
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| How does vascular spasm aid in hemostasis? | It contracts the vessel immediatly, reducing blood loss
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| How does platelet formation plug formation aid in hemostasis? | Helps fill the gap in the injured blood vessel wall
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| How does clotting aid in hemostasis? | Slows down the movement of blood
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| What is the difference between a thrombus and an embolus? | The clot is called the thrombus, it is called an embolus when it is being swept throught the blood stream.
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| What is a pulmanary embolism and why is one dangerous? | When an embolus is lodged into the lungs, bloods the movement of blood to vital organs
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| What makes one blood group different from another? | Their antigen
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| How is type A different from type B blood? | A produces a B anitbody and B produces an A antibody
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| How is type AB different from A or B? | They are two anitgens combined, instead of just a single one.
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| What does an anti-A antibody do? | it reacts with antigen A
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| What does an anti-B antibody do? | it reacts with antigen B
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| Who has and Anti-A antibody? Who doesn't? | Everytype except A, and AB
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| Who has and Anti-B antibody? Who doesn't | Everytype except B, and AB
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| What happens in an incompatiable blood transfusion? | The patient has an allergic reaction
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| What is the difference between Rh+ and Rh- Blood? | The Rh factor is found in Rh+ and not found in Rh-
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| What is anemia, and what are the symotoms? | When the oxygen carrying capcity is reduced. Symptoms:fatigue, cold, pale skin
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| What is the cause of iron-deficiency anemia? | inadequete absorption of iron, excessive loss of iron, or insuffiecient intake of iron
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| What is the cause of pernicious anemia? | insufficient hemopoisis
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| What is the cause of hemorrhagic anemia? | excessive loss of RBC from large wounds
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| What is the cause of hemolytic anemia? | RBC plasma membranes rupture prematurely
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| What is the cause of thalassemia? | Hereditary hemolytic anemias, abnormality in at least one of the four polypeptide chains
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| What is the cause of aplastic anemia? | destruction of red bone marrow
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| What are the causes and symptoms of sickle cell anemia? | Causes: Contains abnormal kind of hemoglobin Symptoms:oxygen reduction
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| What are the causes and symptoms of hemophilia? | Causes:Deficientcy of clotting Symptoms: nosebleeds, blood in urine, tissue damage
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| What are the causes and symptoms of leukemia? | Causes:uncontrolled producation and accumulation of immature leukocytes
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| What is the function labratory test done to determine a Reticulocyte? | Measure volume of all blood components, meausres blood components that are out of range
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| What is the function of a Differential WBC count? | Count various forms of WBC to assess for infections and manufacture of WBC's
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| What is the function of hematocrit? | Counting the % of a blood sample that is composed of RBC's. Diagnoses anemia.
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| What is the function of the Complete blood count? | Counting the volume of reticulocytes in a sample of blood measures rate of erythropoesis.
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| -emia | blood condition
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| erythro(o)- | red
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| gluc(o)- | sugar, glucose
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| glyc(o)- | sugar, sweet
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| hom(o), Hemat(o)- | blood, hemorrhage
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| -rrhagia | hemorrahage, excessive discharge
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| phleb(o) | vein
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| thromb(o) | blood clot
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