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Blood Chp. 14
Chapter 14 Flashcards- Cardiovascular System
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| What are the three components of blood plasma? | Protiens, water, other solutes |
| What are the 2 components of whole blood? | Blood Plasma, Formed Elements |
| What are the three main protiens found in the blood? | Albumins, Globulins, Fibinogen |
| What are the 6 sollutes commonly found in Blood? | Electrolytes, Nutirents, Gases, Regulatory Substances, vitamins, waste products |
| What are the 5 classes of white blood cells? | Neutrophils, Lymphocytes, Monocytes, Eosinophils, Basophils. |
| What is the definition of a formed element? | Cells, and cell fragments. |
| What are the classes of formed elements? | RBC, WBC, Platlets |
| What is the relationship between erythrocytes and erythropoesis? | Erythropoesis is the formation of erythrocytes. Aka Red Blood Cells |
| What is the relationship between reticulocytes and red blood cells? | Reticulocytes are red blood cells without the nucleas. |
| What is the role of a neutrophil? | Respond to bacterial infection using phagocytosis |
| What is the role of a monocyte? | respond to baterical infection using phagocytosis |
| What is the role of a eosinophil? | release enzymes that combat inflamation |
| What is the role of a basophile? | involved in inflamatory responses; histamine |
| What is the role of B-cells? | Produce antibodies |
| What is the role of T-cells? | attack viruses, fungi, bacteria, ect... |
| What is the role of natural killer cells? | attack infectious microbes |
| What is hemostasis? | the process that stops bleeding |
| What are the three methods of reduction of blood loss? | vascular spasm, platelet plug formation, blood clotting |
| What is hemorrhage? | Loss of large amount of blood |
| How does vascular spasm aid in hemostasis? | It contracts the vessel immediatly, reducing blood loss |
| How does platelet formation plug formation aid in hemostasis? | Helps fill the gap in the injured blood vessel wall |
| How does clotting aid in hemostasis? | Slows down the movement of blood |
| What is the difference between a thrombus and an embolus? | The clot is called the thrombus, it is called an embolus when it is being swept throught the blood stream. |
| What is a pulmanary embolism and why is one dangerous? | When an embolus is lodged into the lungs, bloods the movement of blood to vital organs |
| What makes one blood group different from another? | Their antigen |
| How is type A different from type B blood? | A produces a B anitbody and B produces an A antibody |
| How is type AB different from A or B? | They are two anitgens combined, instead of just a single one. |
| What does an anti-A antibody do? | it reacts with antigen A |
| What does an anti-B antibody do? | it reacts with antigen B |
| Who has and Anti-A antibody? Who doesn't? | Everytype except A, and AB |
| Who has and Anti-B antibody? Who doesn't | Everytype except B, and AB |
| What happens in an incompatiable blood transfusion? | The patient has an allergic reaction |
| What is the difference between Rh+ and Rh- Blood? | The Rh factor is found in Rh+ and not found in Rh- |
| What is anemia, and what are the symotoms? | When the oxygen carrying capcity is reduced. Symptoms:fatigue, cold, pale skin |
| What is the cause of iron-deficiency anemia? | inadequete absorption of iron, excessive loss of iron, or insuffiecient intake of iron |
| What is the cause of pernicious anemia? | insufficient hemopoisis |
| What is the cause of hemorrhagic anemia? | excessive loss of RBC from large wounds |
| What is the cause of hemolytic anemia? | RBC plasma membranes rupture prematurely |
| What is the cause of thalassemia? | Hereditary hemolytic anemias, abnormality in at least one of the four polypeptide chains |
| What is the cause of aplastic anemia? | destruction of red bone marrow |
| What are the causes and symptoms of sickle cell anemia? | Causes: Contains abnormal kind of hemoglobin Symptoms:oxygen reduction |
| What are the causes and symptoms of hemophilia? | Causes:Deficientcy of clotting Symptoms: nosebleeds, blood in urine, tissue damage |
| What are the causes and symptoms of leukemia? | Causes:uncontrolled producation and accumulation of immature leukocytes |
| What is the function labratory test done to determine a Reticulocyte? | Measure volume of all blood components, meausres blood components that are out of range |
| What is the function of a Differential WBC count? | Count various forms of WBC to assess for infections and manufacture of WBC's |
| What is the function of hematocrit? | Counting the % of a blood sample that is composed of RBC's. Diagnoses anemia. |
| What is the function of the Complete blood count? | Counting the volume of reticulocytes in a sample of blood measures rate of erythropoesis. |
| -emia | blood condition |
| erythro(o)- | red |
| gluc(o)- | sugar, glucose |
| glyc(o)- | sugar, sweet |
| hom(o), Hemat(o)- | blood, hemorrhage |
| -rrhagia | hemorrahage, excessive discharge |
| phleb(o) | vein |
| thromb(o) | blood clot |
Created by:
fi1cg21@swbell.net
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