generally applicable to patho and pharm subjects
Quiz yourself by thinking what should be in
each of the black spaces below before clicking
on it to display the answer.
Help!
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| what is the most important lab values to monitor generally speaking? | electrolyte
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| what is the most urgent electrolyte to pay attention to? | hyperkalemia (potassium)
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| Disulfiram-like effect | flushing, sweating, tachycardia, headache, nausea, vomiting, weakness
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| Stevens-Johnson syndrome | Fever, rash, and bullae on skin and mucous membranes, widespread sloughing of skin and mucous membranes, potential death due to infection from loss of skin integrity
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| Drugs that cause constipation | aluminum and calcium antacids, sucralfate, H2 receptor antagonists, anticholinergics, and those with anticholinergic effects
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| Drugs that cause diarrhea | some antibiotics, magnesium antacids, misoprostol, proton pump inhibitors
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| Drugs that cause drowsiness | H2 receptor antagonists, proton pump inhibitors; alcohol, NSAIDS, antihistamines, anticonvulsants, psychotropic, things with central nervous system effects
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| extrapyramidal symptoms | extreme restlessness, involuntary movements, and uncontrollable speech
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| effects of anticholinergics | dry mouth, blurred vision, drowsiness, sweating
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| Drugs metabolized by CYP450 enzymes | diazepam and antianxiety drugs; phenytoin (anticonvulsant); warfarin
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| natural products that can cause bleeding | feverfew, garlic, ginger, ginkgo, others
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| other drugs that can cause bleeding | aspirin, NSAIDs, penicillins, corticosteroids, warfarin
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| Factors that promote thrombus formation | virchow's triad: alterations in normal blood flow, injuries to vascular endothelium, alterations in constitution of blood (hypercoagulability)
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| s/s of systemic anaphylaxis | difficulty breathing-wheezing; severe hypotension, tachycardia, hives/itch; swelling of mucous membranes
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| suppress hepatic CYP450 enzymes | grapefruit juice, cimetidine, erythromycin, omeprazole
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| induce hepatic CYP450 enzymes | Rifampin, St. John’s Wort, phenytoin, char-broiled meats, smoking.
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| Drugs that decrease K+ | glucocorticoids, K+ wasting diuretics, licorice
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| phases of tissue healing | inflammation, reconstructive (proliferative), maturation (remodeling)
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| inflammation phase of tissue healing | toxins diluted, cellular debris and microorganisms phagocytized, cytokines and growth factors secreted
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| reconstructive phase of tissue healing | collagen matrix and granulation tissue produced, epithelium covers surface, new blood vessels develop
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| maturation phase of tissue healing | collagen in the area is reorganized over extended period of time
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