test 3
Quiz yourself by thinking what should be in
each of the black spaces below before clicking
on it to display the answer.
Help!
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| third spacing | collection of fluid found in space where there is no real use for the body
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| where can thrid spacing take place? | pleural cavity, pericardium and abdomonal cavity
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| What is the most accurate way to assess fluid gain? | daily weights
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| what is the fluid equivilent in pounds or kg gained? | 2.2 lbs. or 1 kg equals 1 liter of fluid
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| important points in taking daily weights | must be the same time of day, same type of clothing and same scales
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| on average about how much do we intake and output not including insensible losses and gains? | 1500ml in and 1500ml out
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| urine production should be at least what? | 30ml per hour somewhere (between 720 and 800ml in 24 hours)
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| three types of IV solutions | isotonic, hypertonic, and hypotonic
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| isotonic solutions description, osmolarity, and examples | equal concentration on both sides of the membrane; 270-290; Normal Saline, Lactated Ringers and D5W
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| hypotonic solutions description, osmolarity and examples | water pulled into cell; less than 270; 1/2 NS, D2W
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| hypertonic solution description, osmolarity and examples | water pulled out of cell; greater than 290; D5NS, D10W, D5LR, 1% NS, NSKCl
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| osmolarity for normal body is | 270-290 based on sodium levels in the body
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| filtration is an example of what in the body? | blood pressure and the kidneys filtration
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| example of active transport in the body | glucose needs insulin to transport it into the cell
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| electrolytes | substances whose molecules split into electrically charged particles when placed in water
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| cations | electrolytes with positive charge
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| anion | electrolytes with a negative charge
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| regulation fo fluid and electrolyte balance is done by the | hypothalamus (thirst center)
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| Pituitary secretes what in relation to fluid balance? | ADH- Anti-Diuretic Hormone- main function is to retain water-urine becomes more concentrated when it is secreted
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| adrenal glands secrete what in relation to fluid balance? | aldosterone- maintains sodium balance- secreted in response to decrease in fluid vol., decreased serum sodium and high potassium levels
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| renal or kidnet regulation | primary organ of fluid electrolyte balance
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| other regulators of fluids and electrolytes | lungs, parathyroid, skin, heart, and GI tract
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| physical assessment in relation to fluid balance | skin, turgor, mucous membranes, daily weights, vital signs
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| serious fluid loss in adults and infants | 10%
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| fatal fluid loss in adults | 20%
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| fatal infant fluid loss | 15%
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