Maternal and Fetal Nutrition
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| Which nutriet is of importance to embryonic/fetal organ dev | folate/folic acid found in grain products. Need 0.4mg/day
Risks for NTDs
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| Which trimester does fetus need most nutrition | 3rd, nutrients need to come more from diet than supplements
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| which nutrient RDA are especially imp in preg? | Folic acid from 400mcg to 600mcg
iron from 15/18 to 30, (vit C helps iron to be absorbed)
zinc, B6
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| which nutrient decr most from nonpreg to preg | protein 46non - 25 preg
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| How many more kcal needed for preg from nonpreg | +500kcal
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| What nutrient is incr during preg adn esp lactation | water, iodine
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| What are the fat soluble vitamins? What are water soluable vitamins | A fat dek
C the beach
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| BMI values | <18 = underwt
18-25 = normal
25-30 = overwt
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| What wt gain can indicate preeclampsia | gain of >3kgor 6lbs in month
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| how much wt gain puts preg at risk? | 18kg or 39 lbs
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| what is RDA for preg women for all food groups | milk/yog/cheese- 3 servings
protein- 2 servings 5-6oz
Fish should be low in mercury(avoid shark,swordfish,mackerel,tilefish)
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| Caffeine can cause what? | miscarriage, IUGR
3c/day
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| Which nutrient is most commonly missing in women of childbearing years? Which vitamin most missing? | nutrient: K, clotting factor, leafy greens, oils, margarine, soybeans, lentils
vit: E, reduces oxidative stress in oils,nuts
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| Vit A is found in what foods | deep yellow/green veges and fruits, leafy greens, broccoli, carrots, cantaloupe, apricots
No supplements
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| What role does Vit D play | helps in absorption of Ca.
Found in milk, sunlight(Muslims, SPF15)
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| What is B6 good for in preg women? What is B12 good for? | Pyridoxine for protein metabolism and helps with N/V in early preg.
B12: nucleic acids/proteins/RBCs/neural
found in milk, eggs, meat, liver, soy milk
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| Vit C is helpful how for preg women | helps absorb iron and good for tissue formation.
If too much, infant may dev deficiency
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| Pica is most prevalent in preg woman who have low? | anemic, lower hemoglobin
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| What are good pt teachings for iron supplements | Vit C helps absorb, avoid taking (bran, tea, coffee, milk, oxalates, egg yolk) at same time as iron, absorbed best if on empty stomach, so good at bedtime, don't double if missed, can cause constipation
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| what is pyrosis | heartburn
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| Vegetarians are deficient in what vitamin? | B12 and can result in anemia, glossitis, neurologic deficits in mom
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