Flashcards over ch 14
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What is whole blood made of? | Blood Plasma (55%) and Formed Elements (45%)
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What 3 things are in blood plasma? | Protiens, Water and Other solutes
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What are the 3 main proteins found in blood? | Albumins, Globulins, and Fibrogen
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What are the 6 solutes found in blood? | Electrolytes, Nutrients, Gases, Regulartory Subsantces, Vitamins, and Waste Products
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What is a formed element? | Anything naturally found in blood
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What are the 3 classes of formed elements? | Platelets, WBC and RBC
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What are the 5 classes of RBC? | Neutrophils, Lymphocytes, Monocytes, Eosinophilis, and Basophils
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What is the relationship b/w the terms erythrocyte and erythropoesis? | Erythrocyes are RBC created by the proccess called erythropoesis
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What is the relationship b/w the terms reticulocytes and RBC? | Reticulocytes is a RBC w/o a nucleus
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Role of a neutrophil | Release enzymes to destroy bacteria
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Role of a monocyte | migrate to infected tissues to attack virus
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Role of a eosinophil | Release enzymes that combat innflamtion in allergic reactions
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Role of a basophil | leave capillaries, enter tissues and can liberate heparin in allergic reactions
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Role of a B Cell | Plasma Cells, Produce Anitbodies
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Role of a T Cells | Attack virus/bacteria
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Role of natural killers | attack a variety of microbes
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What is hemostasis? | A sequence of responses that stop bleeding when vessels are injured
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List the 3 methods of reducing blood loss | Vascular spasm, Platelet pluf formation, and blood clotting
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What is hemmorrhage? | Bleeding
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How does a vascular spasm aid in hemostasis? | Reduces blood loss whole other hemostatic mech. operate
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How does palate aid in hemostasis? | It fills the gap in the injured blood vessel wall
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How does clotting aid in hemostasis? | Series of chemical reactions that culminates in the formation of fibrin threads
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What is the difference b/w a thrombus and embolus? | Thrombis- clot in an unbroken vessel Embolus- blood clot, air bubble, fat, or transp. in blood stream
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What is a pulmonary embolism and why is it dangerous? | Its an embolus in the lungs. it can kill you!
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What makes one blood group different from another group? | They are organized by the amount of isoantigents
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How is type A blood different from type B? | A- RBC only show antigen A B- RBC only show antigen B
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How is type AB blood differnt from types a or b? | AB has both antigens A & B
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What does an A- antibody do? B- antibody? | A- reacts with antigen A B- reacts with antigen B
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Who has an anti A- antibody? who doesnt? | People who lack B antibodys will have an A antibody
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Who has an anti B- antibody? who doesnt? | People who lack A antibodys will have an B antibody
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What happens in an incompatiable blood transfusion? | Antibodies in recpients plasma bind to antigens on donated RBC
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What is the difference b/w Rh+ and Rh- blood? | Rh+ people who have Rh antigen Rh- people who dont have it
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What is anemia and what are the symptoms? | The oxygen carring capacity of blood is reduced. Sympt: Fatigued, intoleratnt of cold, pale skin.
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What is the cause of iron-deficiency anemia? | Caused by inadequate absorption of iron, excessive loss of iron
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what is the cause of pernicious anemia? | Insuffient hemopoiesis
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what is the cause of hemorrhagic anemia? | Loss of RBC
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What is the cause of hemolytic anemia? | Plasma membrane rupturing early
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What is the cause of thalassemia? | abnormally in one or more polypeptide chains
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what is the cause of aplastic anemia? | Destruction of Red Bone Marrow
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what is the causes and symptoms of sickle cell anemia? | Cause: RBC contain hemoglobin S, forms structures that bend erythrocyte Sympt: easily ruptured cells, hemolytic anemia results
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What are the causes an symptoms of hemophilia? | Causes: Inheritied, blood clotting Sympt: spontaneous bleeding, trama, noesbleeds, blood in urine
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What are the causes and symptions of leukemia? | Cause: uncontrolled and accumulation of immature leukocytes
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Reticylocyte | Counting the volume of reticylocytes in a sampple of blood measures rate of erythropoesis
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Hematocrit | Counting the % of blood sample that is composed of RBC. Diagnoses anemia.
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Differential WBC count | Count various forms of WBC to assess for infections and meanufacture of WBC
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Complete Blood Count | Measures volume of all blood componets, measures blood componets that are out of range
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-emia | blood condition
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erythr(o) | red
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gluc(o) | sugar, glucose
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glyc(o) | sugar, sweet
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hem(O), Hemat(o) | blood, hemorrhage
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-rrhagia | hemorrhage, excessive discharge
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phleb(o) | vien
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thromb(o) | blood clot
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