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Esry- Ch 14 Blood
Flashcards over ch 14
Question | Answer |
---|---|
What is whole blood made of? | Blood Plasma (55%) and Formed Elements (45%) |
What 3 things are in blood plasma? | Protiens, Water and Other solutes |
What are the 3 main proteins found in blood? | Albumins, Globulins, and Fibrogen |
What are the 6 solutes found in blood? | Electrolytes, Nutrients, Gases, Regulartory Subsantces, Vitamins, and Waste Products |
What is a formed element? | Anything naturally found in blood |
What are the 3 classes of formed elements? | Platelets, WBC and RBC |
What are the 5 classes of RBC? | Neutrophils, Lymphocytes, Monocytes, Eosinophilis, and Basophils |
What is the relationship b/w the terms erythrocyte and erythropoesis? | Erythrocyes are RBC created by the proccess called erythropoesis |
What is the relationship b/w the terms reticulocytes and RBC? | Reticulocytes is a RBC w/o a nucleus |
Role of a neutrophil | Release enzymes to destroy bacteria |
Role of a monocyte | migrate to infected tissues to attack virus |
Role of a eosinophil | Release enzymes that combat innflamtion in allergic reactions |
Role of a basophil | leave capillaries, enter tissues and can liberate heparin in allergic reactions |
Role of a B Cell | Plasma Cells, Produce Anitbodies |
Role of a T Cells | Attack virus/bacteria |
Role of natural killers | attack a variety of microbes |
What is hemostasis? | A sequence of responses that stop bleeding when vessels are injured |
List the 3 methods of reducing blood loss | Vascular spasm, Platelet pluf formation, and blood clotting |
What is hemmorrhage? | Bleeding |
How does a vascular spasm aid in hemostasis? | Reduces blood loss whole other hemostatic mech. operate |
How does palate aid in hemostasis? | It fills the gap in the injured blood vessel wall |
How does clotting aid in hemostasis? | Series of chemical reactions that culminates in the formation of fibrin threads |
What is the difference b/w a thrombus and embolus? | Thrombis- clot in an unbroken vessel Embolus- blood clot, air bubble, fat, or transp. in blood stream |
What is a pulmonary embolism and why is it dangerous? | Its an embolus in the lungs. it can kill you! |
What makes one blood group different from another group? | They are organized by the amount of isoantigents |
How is type A blood different from type B? | A- RBC only show antigen A B- RBC only show antigen B |
How is type AB blood differnt from types a or b? | AB has both antigens A & B |
What does an A- antibody do? B- antibody? | A- reacts with antigen A B- reacts with antigen B |
Who has an anti A- antibody? who doesnt? | People who lack B antibodys will have an A antibody |
Who has an anti B- antibody? who doesnt? | People who lack A antibodys will have an B antibody |
What happens in an incompatiable blood transfusion? | Antibodies in recpients plasma bind to antigens on donated RBC |
What is the difference b/w Rh+ and Rh- blood? | Rh+ people who have Rh antigen Rh- people who dont have it |
What is anemia and what are the symptoms? | The oxygen carring capacity of blood is reduced. Sympt: Fatigued, intoleratnt of cold, pale skin. |
What is the cause of iron-deficiency anemia? | Caused by inadequate absorption of iron, excessive loss of iron |
what is the cause of pernicious anemia? | Insuffient hemopoiesis |
what is the cause of hemorrhagic anemia? | Loss of RBC |
What is the cause of hemolytic anemia? | Plasma membrane rupturing early |
What is the cause of thalassemia? | abnormally in one or more polypeptide chains |
what is the cause of aplastic anemia? | Destruction of Red Bone Marrow |
what is the causes and symptoms of sickle cell anemia? | Cause: RBC contain hemoglobin S, forms structures that bend erythrocyte Sympt: easily ruptured cells, hemolytic anemia results |
What are the causes an symptoms of hemophilia? | Causes: Inheritied, blood clotting Sympt: spontaneous bleeding, trama, noesbleeds, blood in urine |
What are the causes and symptions of leukemia? | Cause: uncontrolled and accumulation of immature leukocytes |
Reticylocyte | Counting the volume of reticylocytes in a sampple of blood measures rate of erythropoesis |
Hematocrit | Counting the % of blood sample that is composed of RBC. Diagnoses anemia. |
Differential WBC count | Count various forms of WBC to assess for infections and meanufacture of WBC |
Complete Blood Count | Measures volume of all blood componets, measures blood componets that are out of range |
-emia | blood condition |
erythr(o) | red |
gluc(o) | sugar, glucose |
glyc(o) | sugar, sweet |
hem(O), Hemat(o) | blood, hemorrhage |
-rrhagia | hemorrhage, excessive discharge |
phleb(o) | vien |
thromb(o) | blood clot |