Chapter 103 drugs for eye, drug drill
Quiz yourself by thinking what should be in
each of the black spaces below before clicking
on it to display the answer.
Help!
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| most common type of glaucoma | primary open angle glaucoma (POAG)
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| What are two mechanisms to treat glaucoma | Decreased aqueous production (ABC) and Increased outflow (PP)
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| The classes of drugs that decrease aqueous humor production | Alpha-2 agonists, Beta Blockers, Carbonic Anhydrase Inhibitors
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| Classes of drugs that increase aqueous outflow | prostaglandins, parasympathomimetics
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| Drug in Alpha 2 agonist glaucoma | brimonidine
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| Which Beta blocker drugs are more effective in treating glaucoma | non-selective B1B2 are more effective, thought to be Beta-2 receptor that mediates aqueous production
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| What are the non-selective beta blockers for glaucoma | timolol, carteolol, levobunolol, metipranolol
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| What is the selective Beta-1 blocker for glaucoma | Betaxolol
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| What class is the first line agents in glaucoma treatment | Beta Blockers used first
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| What are general side effects for ABC drugs | Occular: burn, sting, hyperemia
Systemic: HA, fatigue, xerostomia, cross BBB
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| What class of drugs considere last resort for glaucoma treatment | CAI Carbonic anhydrase inhibitors
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| What are general ADRs for CAIs | occular: burt, sting, allergy, dry
Systemic: metallic taste, asthenia, paresthesias
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| CAIs - topical admin | dorzolamide, brinzolamide
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| CAIs - systemic admin | acetazolamide, methazolamide, dichlorphenamide
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| What class of drugs that increase outflow of aqueous humor are also considered by many to be a first-line treatment along with Beta Blockers? | prostaglandins also considered this
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| Advantages of prostaglandin admin | daily dosing, equally effective to beta blockers
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| What are most common occular s/e of prostaglandins | racoon pigmentation around iris, eyelids, skin near eye. eylash growth, and the usual others
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| Name 3 prostaglandins | latanoprost, travoprost, bimatroprost
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| prostaglandin 1 of 3 | latanoprost
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| prostaglandin 2 of 3 | travoprost
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| prostaglandin 3 of 3 | bimatroprost
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| What is MOA of parasympathomimetic for glaucoma | miosis pulls iris away from lining of sclera, opening the drain
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| What class is considered SECOND TO LAST resort for glaucoma | parasympathomimetics
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| What two classes of parasympathomimetics for glaucoma | direct acting cholinergics, indirect action AChE inhibitors
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| What are unusual occular s/e of parasympathomimetics | brow ache, ciliary muscle spasm, miosis, iris pigmentation, cataracts
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| Name 2 direct-acting cholinergic for glaucoma | pilocarpine, carbachol
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| Name 1 indirect acting cholinergic for glaucoma | echothiophate
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| name 1 non-selective adrenergic rarely used for glaucoma | dipivefrin
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