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NURS 572 - 103
Chapter 103 drugs for eye, drug drill
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| most common type of glaucoma | primary open angle glaucoma (POAG) |
| What are two mechanisms to treat glaucoma | Decreased aqueous production (ABC) and Increased outflow (PP) |
| The classes of drugs that decrease aqueous humor production | Alpha-2 agonists, Beta Blockers, Carbonic Anhydrase Inhibitors |
| Classes of drugs that increase aqueous outflow | prostaglandins, parasympathomimetics |
| Drug in Alpha 2 agonist glaucoma | brimonidine |
| Which Beta blocker drugs are more effective in treating glaucoma | non-selective B1B2 are more effective, thought to be Beta-2 receptor that mediates aqueous production |
| What are the non-selective beta blockers for glaucoma | timolol, carteolol, levobunolol, metipranolol |
| What is the selective Beta-1 blocker for glaucoma | Betaxolol |
| What class is the first line agents in glaucoma treatment | Beta Blockers used first |
| What are general side effects for ABC drugs | Occular: burn, sting, hyperemia Systemic: HA, fatigue, xerostomia, cross BBB |
| What class of drugs considere last resort for glaucoma treatment | CAI Carbonic anhydrase inhibitors |
| What are general ADRs for CAIs | occular: burt, sting, allergy, dry Systemic: metallic taste, asthenia, paresthesias |
| CAIs - topical admin | dorzolamide, brinzolamide |
| CAIs - systemic admin | acetazolamide, methazolamide, dichlorphenamide |
| What class of drugs that increase outflow of aqueous humor are also considered by many to be a first-line treatment along with Beta Blockers? | prostaglandins also considered this |
| Advantages of prostaglandin admin | daily dosing, equally effective to beta blockers |
| What are most common occular s/e of prostaglandins | racoon pigmentation around iris, eyelids, skin near eye. eylash growth, and the usual others |
| Name 3 prostaglandins | latanoprost, travoprost, bimatroprost |
| prostaglandin 1 of 3 | latanoprost |
| prostaglandin 2 of 3 | travoprost |
| prostaglandin 3 of 3 | bimatroprost |
| What is MOA of parasympathomimetic for glaucoma | miosis pulls iris away from lining of sclera, opening the drain |
| What class is considered SECOND TO LAST resort for glaucoma | parasympathomimetics |
| What two classes of parasympathomimetics for glaucoma | direct acting cholinergics, indirect action AChE inhibitors |
| What are unusual occular s/e of parasympathomimetics | brow ache, ciliary muscle spasm, miosis, iris pigmentation, cataracts |
| Name 2 direct-acting cholinergic for glaucoma | pilocarpine, carbachol |
| Name 1 indirect acting cholinergic for glaucoma | echothiophate |
| name 1 non-selective adrenergic rarely used for glaucoma | dipivefrin |
Created by:
lorrelaws
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