Exam 1
Quiz yourself by thinking what should be in
each of the black spaces below before clicking
on it to display the answer.
Help!
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| In 1668 who demonstrated that maggots appeared only in decaying meat that had been exposed to flies? | Francesco Redi
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| Who introduced the concept that living cells arise from other living cells? | Rudolph Virchow
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| Who introduced the technique of vaccination for smallpox? | Edward Jenner
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| Who first used the microscope and observed "cells" | Robert Hooke
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| Who made an association between slikworm disease and fungus? | Agostino Bassi
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| Who was the surgeon who used carbolic acid to control wound infections? | Joseph Lister
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| Who first speculated about the possibility of a "magic bullet" that would destroy a pathogen without harming the host | Paul Ehrlich
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| Who discovered Penicillin? | Alexander Fleming
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| Who used anthrax as a model, demonstrating that a specific microorganism is the cause of a specific disease? | Robert Koch
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| Who originated our system of scientific nomenclature? | Carolus Linnaeus
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| Who assigned a microbial cause to fermentation | Louis Pasteur
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| Who was the first to crystalize a virus | Wendell Stanley
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| Who showed that mild heating of spirits kills spoilage bacteria without damage to the beverage | Louis Pasteur
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| Who devised a classification system for the streprococci based on an immunological system of serotypes. | Rebecca Lancefield
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| Who demostrated that infections in obstetrical wards could be minimized by disinfecting the hands of doctors | Ignaz Semmelweis
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| Who first demonstrated that genetic information could be exchanged between bacteria by conjugation | Joshua Lederberg
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| Prokaryotes | Bacteria
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| Noncellular, reproduce only inside cells of host organism | viruses
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| Helminths | Multicellular animal parasites
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| Yeasts | Fungi
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| An infectious protein | Prion
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| Unicellular eukaryote microorganisms, members of Kingdom Protista | Protozoa
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| Protection from a disease that is provided by vaccination. | Immunity
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| The use of chemical substances to treat disease | Chemotherapy
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| The use of microbes to clean up, for example oil spills | Bioremediation
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| The process which yeast changes sugars into alcohol | Fermentation
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| Techniques that keep areas free of unwanted microorganisms | Aseptic
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| Photosynthetic bacteria; may fix nitrogen from air | Cyanobacteria
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| Photosynthetic eukaryotes | Algae
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| Eukaryotes classified primarily by their means of locomotion | Protozoa
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| General name for a rod-shaped bacterium | Bacillus
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| General name fora spherical bacterium | Coccus
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| Prokaryotes whose cell walls lack peptidoglycan and are often found in extreme environments | Archaea
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| Bacteria generally reproduce by a process called ___ into two equal daughter cells. | binary fission
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| The set of criteria that prove that a specific microorganism is the cause of a specific disease is known today as ___ ___. | Koch Postulates
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| The concept that living cells can arise only from other living cells is called ___. | biogenesis
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| Responding to experiments in which nutrient fluids were heated in sealed containers, proponents of spontaneous generation objected that heating destroyed some ___ ___ in the air. | Vital Force
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| According to the rules applied to the scientific naming of a biological organism, the ___ name is always capitalized. | genus
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| Paul Ehrlich discovered an arsenic derivative, ___, that was effective against syphilis. | salvarsan
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| Antimicrobial chemicals produced naturally by bacteria and fungi are called ___. | antibiotics
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| Bacteria usually exist in nature not as single cells but as aggregations of cells called a/n ___. | biofilm
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| What are three characteristics unique to prokaryotes | -Single, circular chromosome that is not enclosed by a nuclear envelope
-Lack true organelles
-have peptidoglycan in their cell walls
-Binary fission is a common form of reproduction
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| The ___ which is the first name in a nomenclature is always capitalized, and the ___ ___, which follows and is not capitalized. | -genus
-specific epithet (species)
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| ___ and ___ are simple, one-celled organisms whose genetic material is not enclosed in a special nuclear membrane. For this reason these are called prokaryotes. | Bacteria and archaea
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| Protozoa are classified by what? | locomotion
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