genetics, traits, heredity,
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| Who is responsible for our laws of inheritance? | Gregor Mendel
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| What organism did Mendel study? | Pea plants
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| When was Mendel's work recognized? | 20th century
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| When did Mendel perform his experiments and how many plants did he grow | 1856-1863 28000 pea plants
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| what did Mendel notice about offspring traits? | He found that the plant's offspring retained traits of the parents
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| How is Mendel referred to today? | Father of Genetics
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| in waht contry did Mendel do his research on peas? | Austria
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| Mendel stated that physical traits were inherited as ______ | particles
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| Today we know that particles are actually what? | Chromosomes and DNA
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| Define Trait | any characteristics that can be passed from parent to offspring
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| Define Heredity | passing of traits from parent to offspring
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| Define Genetics | Study of Heredity
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| Name and describe two types of genetic crosses. | Monohybrid cross is cross involving a single trait e.g flower color.... Dihybrid cross a cross involving two traits, e.g flower color and plant height
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| What is used to solve genetic crosses? | used to help solve genetics problems
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| What are alleles and what are the two forms? | Alleles-two forms of a gene (dominant and recessive)
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| Explain the difference between dominant and recessive alleles | Dominant is typically stronger and reessive alleles shows up less often
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| Using a letter of the alphabet, show how each allele would be represented | Dominant (R), Recessive (r)
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| What is a genotype and write 3 possible genotypes | Allele combination for a trait (RR,Rr,rr)
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| What is a phenotype and write possible phenotypes for your genotypes in previous question | The physical feature resulting from a genotype (red, white)
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| Using these alleles, R= red flower and r= yellow flowers, write all possible genotypes and phenotypes | R= red flower RR,Rr,rr Red, Red, Yellow
r= yellow flower
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| What are homozygoud genotypes? | Homozygous genotype are gene combination involving 2 dominant or 2 recessive alleles (RR or rr) also called pure
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| Write a homozygous dominant genotype | RR, rr
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| Write a homozygous recessive genotype | Rr
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| What is the meant by a heterozygous genotype? | gene combination of one dominant and one recessive
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| Heterozygous genotypes are also called ...? | Hybrid
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| What two things actually determine an organism's characteristics | Genotype and phenotype
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| Give four reasons that Mendel used garden peas, Pisum sativum, for his experiments. | Small area needed, produce lots of offspring, produce pure plants when allowed to self-pollinate several generations
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| Name the male and female parts of a flowering plant and explain how pollination occurs? | Female; ovary pollen carries sperm to the eggs for fertilization, male; stamen
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| What is the difference between self and cross pollination | Self; same flower
cross; different flowers
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| Explain how Mendel cross pollinated his pea plants. | Mendel hand-pollinated flowers using a paint brush, He could snip the stamens to prevent self-pollination... covered each flower with a cloth bag,
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| How did Mendel get pure plants? | He traced traits through several generations, pure strains by allowing the plants to self-pollinate for several generations
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