A&P & Positioning test 1
Quiz yourself by thinking what should be in
each of the black spaces below before clicking
on it to display the answer.
Help!
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| anatomy | show 🗑
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| show | the study of the function of the body
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| show | the study of disease
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| osteology | show 🗑
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| show | standing upright, limbs extended facing front, palms facing front, and feet together
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| supine | show 🗑
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| show | lying face down, palms down
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| what are the four fundamental body planes | show 🗑
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| show | divides the body into right and left segments(midsagittal divides into equal halves)
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| show | divides the body into anterior and posterior segments(midcoronal divides into equal anterior and posterior halves)
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| show | passes crosswise through the body or body part at a right angle to the longitudinal axis, divides body into superior and inferior portions(also called transverse, axial, or cross-sectional)
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| oblique plane | show 🗑
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| show | interiliac plane
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| occlusal plane | show 🗑
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| what are the four divisions of the body | show 🗑
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| show | -thoracic cavity
-abdominopelvic cavity
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| show | *superior region
-right and left hypochondrium
-epigastrium
*middle region
-right and left lateral
-umbilical
*inferrior region
-right and left inguinal
-hypogastrium
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| show | axilla
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| the area of the oblique crease on the front of the body where the lower limb joins the trunk in front of the hip. this crease marks the location of the inguinal ligament | show 🗑
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| area of the abdominal surface lateral to the umbilical region | show 🗑
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| show | perineum
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| show | -sthenic(50%)
-hyposthenic(35%)
-asthenic(10%)
-hypersthenic(5%)
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| what can body habitus affect | show 🗑
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| which body habitus causes the body organs to set lower and more midline | show 🗑
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| which body habitus causes the body organs to set higher and more peripheral | show 🗑
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| show | sthenic
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| what body habitus is between sthenic and asthenic | show 🗑
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| show | -skeletal
-digestive
-respiratory
-reproductive
-integumentary
-nervous
-endocrine
-muscular
-circulatory
-urinary
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| what are the functions of bone | show 🗑
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| show | 206
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| show | -axial skeleton(80 bones)
-appendicular(126 bones)
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| supports and protects the head and trunk(includes the skull, vertebral column, sternum, and ribs) | show 🗑
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| show | appendicular skeleton
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| show | periosteum
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| located under the periosteum -strong, dense outer layer that gives strength to the bone, resembles ivory | show 🗑
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| porous, loosely knit,forms a thin layer under compact bone along the shaft; forms majority of the bone at the end of long bones -this is the inner less dense layer -contains a spiculated network called trabeculae | show 🗑
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| what can be found in the trabeculae | show 🗑
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| show | red marrow
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| yellow marrow stores what | show 🗑
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| -central cavity of long bones -contains trabeculae filled with yellow marrow -red marrow found in ends of long bone | show 🗑
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| lines mudullary cavity | show 🗑
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| show | nutrient foramen
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| show | ossification
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| what are the two types of ossification | show 🗑
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| show | primary endochondral ossification
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| show | secondary endochondral ossification
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| show | epiphysis
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| the shaft of a long bone, between the epiphysis | show 🗑
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| show | metaphysisis
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| what are the five type of bones | show 🗑
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| show | -humerus
-femur
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| what are some examples of short bones | show 🗑
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| show | -sternum
-scapula
-cranium
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| what are some examples of irregular bones | show 🗑
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| what is an example of a sesamoid bone | show 🗑
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| arthrology | show 🗑
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| what are the two classifications of joints | show 🗑
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| what are the functional classifications of joints | show 🗑
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| show | -fibrous
-cartilaginous
-synovial
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| -do not have a joint cavity -united by various fibrous and connective tissues and ligaments -strongest joints in the body | show 🗑
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| what are the types of fibrous joints | show 🗑
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| show | syndemosis joints
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| immovable joint only in the skull | show 🗑
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| immovable joint only in roots of teeth. | show 🗑
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| -these joints do not have a joint cavity -virtually immovable | show 🗑
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| what are the types of cartilaginous joints | show 🗑
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| -slightly moveable joint -seperated by a pad of fibrocartilage -designed for strength and shock absorbancy -ex: pubic | show 🗑
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| -immovable, temporary joint -united by rigid cartilage -ex:epiphyseal plate | show 🗑
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| -these joints permit wide range of motion; freely moveable -complex joints -enclosed by articular capsule -many have accessory soft tissues: meniscus or bursae | show 🗑
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| what are the types of synovial joints | show 🗑
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| show | gliding joint
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| -permits flexion and extension only; uniaxial. characterized by a pulley shaped (trochlea) fitting into a concave surface -ex: elbow, knee | show 🗑
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| show | pivot joint
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| show | elipsoid joint-
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| -allows movement similar to ellipsoid;biaxial -difference is in the shape of the articular surfaces -ex: carpometacarpal joint between trapezium and first metacarpal(thumb), ankle | show 🗑
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| show | -permits widest range of motion; multiaxial movement
-round head of one bone fits into a cup shaped depression of another bone
-allows flexion; extension, abduction, adduction, circumduction, and rotation
-ex: hip and shoulder
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| process or projection | show 🗑
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| what are some processes and projections | show 🗑
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| show | hollow or depressed area
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| show | -fissure
-foramen
-fossa
-fovea
-groove
-meatus
-notch
-sinus
-sulcus
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| show | -aperature
-foramen
-hiatus
-orifice
-os
-ostium
-lumen
-porus
-incisura
-meatus
-ramus
-septum
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| capitulum | show 🗑
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| show | constricted area below head
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| show | body/shaft
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| show | wing like
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| fovea | show 🗑
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| show | indention in an organ where vessels enter or exit
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| tail | show 🗑
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| lobe | show 🗑
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| show | subdivision of lobe
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| segment | show 🗑
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| show | end of long bone
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| show | pointed end of a structure
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| show | broad flattened end of a structure
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| show | hole or opening
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| show | hole
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| show | opening or gap
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| show | opening into an organ
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| show | opening into mouth or digestive tract
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| ostium | show 🗑
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| show | space within a vessel, intestine, or tube
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| show | opening or pore
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| show | notch, indentation at the edge of any structure
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| meatus | show 🗑
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| show | branch like division
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| show | division between two open cavities
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| styloid | show 🗑
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| show | elevated process at end of long bones
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| show | cleft or deep groove
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| fossa | show 🗑
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| show | linear channel(not as deep as fissure)
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| notch | show 🗑
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| show | recess or groove, hollow cavity or space
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| sulcus | show 🗑
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| condyle | show 🗑
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| show | beak like projections
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| crest | show 🗑
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| epicondyle | show 🗑
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| show | small smooth surface for articular process
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| show | hook shaped process
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| show | expanded end of a long bone
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| show | horn like process
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| line | show 🗑
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| show | club shaped process, small hammer
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| protuberance | show 🗑
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| spine | show 🗑
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| ventral | show 🗑
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| dorsal | show 🗑
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| show | internal
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| show | intrinsic
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| show | closed fracture
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| fracture with skin wound(fracture breaks through skin) | show 🗑
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| show | nondisplaced fracture
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| fx in which bone has shifted or seperated | show 🗑
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| fracture of vertebra by pressure marked by loss of bone height | show 🗑
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| fracture in which bone is partially bent and partially broken | show 🗑
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| show | transverse fracture
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| show | spiral or oblique fracture
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| show | comminuted fracture
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| show | impacted fracture
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| show | -epithelium
-connective
-muscular
-nerve
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| show | -protection
-excretion
-regulation
-sensation
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| show | -epidermis
-dermis(true layer)
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| how many layers does the epidermis have | show 🗑
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| show | -horny layer(dead skin)
-translucent layer
-granular layer
-prickle cell layer
-germinal layer(pigment)
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| show | 2
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| show | -papillary layer(finger prints)
-reticular layer
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| show | -hair
-nails
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| tail, toward feet | show 🗑
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| toward head | show 🗑
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| show | superior
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| below | show 🗑
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| show | central
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| show | peripheral
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| show | medial
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| show | away from middle
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| show | superficial
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| show | deep
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| show | distal
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| near point of origin | show 🗑
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| show | external
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| wall or lining of cavity | show 🗑
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| show | visceral
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| show | ipsilateral
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| show | contralateral
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| palm of hand | show 🗑
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| sole of foot | show 🗑
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| show | dorsum
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| path of central ray | show 🗑
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| overall posture of body or specific placement of that body part | show 🗑
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| show | view
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| show | method
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| show | AP
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| back to front | show 🗑
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| at an angle more than 10 degrees, either caudal or cephalad | show 🗑
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| angling of projection less than 10 degrees, skimming a part | show 🗑
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| central ray enters one side of body, passing transversely along coronal plane | show 🗑
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| CR enters from a side angle | show 🗑
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| show | trendelenbug position
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| show | fowler's position
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| show | rucumbant w/ patient on left anterior side, w/ left leg extended, and right leg partially flexed
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| supine w/ knees and hips flexed | show 🗑
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| rucumbent w/ central ray entering horizontal w/ floor position | show 🗑
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| standing w/ pt. leaning back against IR | show 🗑
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| show | abduction
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| show | adduction
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| straightening | show 🗑
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| bending | show 🗑
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| extension of spine | show 🗑
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| flexion of spine | show 🗑
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| outward turning of a foot at the ankle | show 🗑
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| show | inversion
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| rotating down of palm | show 🗑
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| show | supination
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| turning on an axis | show 🗑
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| show | circumduction
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| show | tilt
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| turning away from the regular standard | show 🗑
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| show | elevated process along shaft of long bones
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| show | mastoid tip
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| what is the surface landmark for C2-C3 | show 🗑
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| what is the surface landmark for C3-C4 | show 🗑
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| show | thyroid cartilage
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| show | vertebra prominence
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| show | level of jugular notch
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| what is the surface landmark for T4-T5 | show 🗑
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| what is the surface landmark for T7 | show 🗑
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| what is the surface landmark for T9 | show 🗑
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| show | level of xiphoid process tip
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| what is the surface landmark for L2-L3 | show 🗑
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| show | level of most superior aspect of iliac crests
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| what is the surface landmark for S1-S2 | show 🗑
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| what is the surface landmark for the coccyx | show 🗑
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| show | the lateral side of the abdomen between the lowest rib and the upper margin of the ileum
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Created by:
bigad1982
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