Genetic Processes: 5.1 Understanding Inheritance
Quiz yourself by thinking what should be in
each of the black spaces below before clicking
on it to display the answer.
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trait | a specific characteristic or feature exhibited by an organism
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true breeding | organisms that exhibit the same traits, generation after generation
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cross | the fertilization of a female gamete of specific genetic origin with a male gamete of specific genetic origin
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P generation | in breeding, the organisms initially crossed and are typically true breeding
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F1 generation | the offspring of a cross of the P generation
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monohybrid cross | a cross of two individuals that differ by one trait
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F2 generation | the offspring of a cross between the F1 generation
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dominant | the form of a trait that always appears when an individual has an allele for it
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recessive | the form of a trait that only appears when an individual has two alleles for it
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law of segregation | traits are determined by pairs of alleles that segregate during meiosis so that each gamete receives one allele
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genotype | the combination of alleles for any given trait, or the organism’s entire genetic make-up
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phenotype | the physical and physiological traits of an organism
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homozygous | an organism that has two identical alleles of a gene
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heterozygous | an organism that has two different alleles of a gene
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