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Biology 11 Ch 5.1

Genetic Processes: 5.1 Understanding Inheritance

QuestionAnswer
trait a specific characteristic or feature exhibited by an organism
true breeding organisms that exhibit the same traits, generation after generation
cross the fertilization of a female gamete of specific genetic origin with a male gamete of specific genetic origin
P generation in breeding, the organisms initially crossed and are typically true breeding
F1 generation the offspring of a cross of the P generation
monohybrid cross a cross of two individuals that differ by one trait
F2 generation the offspring of a cross between the F1 generation
dominant the form of a trait that always appears when an individual has an allele for it
recessive the form of a trait that only appears when an individual has two alleles for it
law of segregation traits are determined by pairs of alleles that segregate during meiosis so that each gamete receives one allele
genotype the combination of alleles for any given trait, or the organism’s entire genetic make-up
phenotype the physical and physiological traits of an organism
homozygous an organism that has two identical alleles of a gene
heterozygous an organism that has two different alleles of a gene
Created by: marsenault
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