Science Tift

Quiz yourself by thinking what should be in each of the black spaces below before clicking on it to display the answer.

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Question

Answer

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an alternate form that a gene may have for a single trait

alleles

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building block of protein

amino acids

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blood vessel that carries blood away from the heart

arteries

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consists of a bone with a rounded end that fits into a cuplike cavity on another bone; shoulder and hip

ball and socket

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elastic, muscular organ that holds urine until it leaves the body through the urethra

bladder

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microscopic blood vessels that connect arteries and veins; diffuse waste and nutrients out and into cells

capillaries

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nutrient that usually is the body's main source of energy

carbohydrates

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heart muscles

cardiac muscles

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cartilage = thick, smooth, flexible, and slippery tissue layer that covers the ends of bones, make movement easier by reducing friction, absorbs shocks

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cellular respiration = oxygen delivered to the cells is used to release energy from glucose

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chemical digestion = occurs when enzymes and other chemicals break down large food molecules into smaller ones

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compact bone = strong layer of bone directly under the periosteum

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coronary circulation = flow of blood to and from the tissues of the heart

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essential amino acids = eight amino acids that cannot be made in your body's cells. they have to be supplied by the foods you eat

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fats = nutrient that stores energy, cushions organs, and helps the body absorb vitamins

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genetics = section of DNA on a chromosome that contains instruction making specific proteins

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genotype = the genetic make-up of an organism

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gliding joints one part of a bone slides over another bone---back and forth motion; wrist, ankles, and between vertebrae

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heredity = the passing of traits from parent to offspring

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heterozygous = describes an organism with two different allels for a trait

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hinge joint = back and forth movement; elbows knees, and fingers

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homozygous = describes an organism with two alleles that are the same for a trait

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immovable joint =joints that do not move, skull

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involuntary = you cannot control, it happens automatically like your heart beating.

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kidneys = bean shaped urinary system organ that is made up of about one million nephrons and filters blood, producing urine

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marrow =located in the cavities of spongy bone; yellow is made of fat and red produces red blood cells

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mechanical digestion = breakdown of food through chewing, mixing, and churning

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melanin pigment = produced by the epidermis that protects skin from sun damage and gives skin and eyes their color

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minerals = inorganic nutrient that regulates many chemical reactions in the body

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nephrons = tiny filtering unit of the kidney

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nutrients = substances in foods that provide energy and materials for cell development, growth, and repair

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periosteum = tough tight fitting membrane that covers a bone's surface and contains blood vessels that transport nutrients into the bone

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peristalsis = waves of muscular contractions that move food through the digestive tract

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phenotype = outward physical appearance and behavior of an organism as a result of its genotype

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pivet joint = rotates; arm and leg

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plasma = liquid part of blood, made mostly of water , in which oxygen, nutrients, and mineral are dissolved

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platelets = irregular shaped cell fragment that helps clot blood and releases chemicals, thqat help form fibrin

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probability = possible outcomes

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proteins = large molecule that contains carbon, hydrogen, nitrogen, and sometimes sulfur and is made up of amino acids; used for growth, and replacement and repair of cells

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pulmonary circulation = flow of blood through the heart to the lungs and back to the heart

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skeletal muscles = move bones

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systemic circulation = largest part of the circulatory system, in which oxygen-rich blood flows to all the organs and body tissues, except the heart and lungs, and oxygen-poor blood is returned to the heart

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ureters = tube that carries urine from each kidney to the bladder

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urethra = tube that carries urine from the bladder to the outside of the body

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veins = blood vessel that carries blood to the heart

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vitamins = water-soluble or fat-soluble organic nutrient needed in small quantities for growth, for preventing some diseases, and regulating body functions.

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voluntary = can be moved by consciously control...you can make it move

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Created by: abriotta@savcps.com

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