Ch 3,4,5 8 & 9 Exam review study guide part one. MADE BY TREVOR
Quiz yourself by thinking what should be in
each of the black spaces below before clicking
on it to display the answer.
Help!
|
|
||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| What is an aquatic environment that contains organisms that thrive in water with various salt concentrations? | Estuaries
🗑
|
||||
| Living things are called what? | biotic
🗑
|
||||
| Nonliving things are called what? | abiotic
🗑
|
||||
| From smallest group to largest group list the organization used in ecology. | population -> community -> ecosystem ->biosphere
🗑
|
||||
| All of the same species of organisms living in the same place at the same time is called? | population
🗑
|
||||
| All of the populations as a group living in the same area is called? | communities
🗑
|
||||
| All abiotic and biotic parts of an area together is called a? | ecosystem
🗑
|
||||
| What is a habitat? | The location of the organisms living area including abiotic and biotic factors of an ecosystem.
🗑
|
||||
| What is a niche? | The full range of physical and biological conditions in which an organism lives and how it used those conditions
🗑
|
||||
| In this food chain what is the producer? Grass -> Horse -> bear | Grass
🗑
|
||||
| In this food chain what is the primary consumer? Grass -> rabbit -> Fox | Rabbit
🗑
|
||||
| If a bush full of berries contains 1000 kcals of energy how much energy is available to the bear who is the primary consumer | 100 (units of 10)
🗑
|
||||
| A food web is? | interconnect food chains found in an ecosystem
🗑
|
||||
| An organism that eats only producers is called a? | Herbivore
🗑
|
||||
| An organism that eats only consumers is called a? | carnivore
🗑
|
||||
| An organism that eats both consumers and producers? (US) | omnivores
🗑
|
||||
| Scavengers are also called what? | detritovores
🗑
|
||||
| Organisms that feed on the dead bodies of dead organisms is called what? | Scavengers
🗑
|
||||
| Organisms such as fungi that feed on decaying matter and turn it back into soil are called | decomposers
🗑
|
||||
| Detrirovores and decomposers cannot be in the _________ Tropic level? | 1st
🗑
|
||||
| In mutualism how many organisms are damaged or hurt? | None they both benefit!
🗑
|
||||
| In Commensalism one organism ____________ and the other _____________ | One is not affected and the other benefits from the relationship
🗑
|
||||
| In parasitism how many organisms benefit? | one
🗑
|
||||
| What general type of organism plays an important role in the nitrogen cycle by turning nitrogen into a form usable by plants? | Bacteria
🗑
|
||||
| The process of turning nitrogen into a form that plants can use is called? | Nitrogen fixation
🗑
|
||||
| Animals get their nitrogen by doing what? | eating plants
🗑
|
||||
| The main process (two) of the oxygen-carbon cycle are what? | photosynthesis, and respiration
🗑
|
||||
| What is an example of density-independent factor? | Weather, climate, natural disasters
🗑
|
||||
| What is an example of density-dependent factor | Predation, competition
🗑
|
||||
| An energy pyramid shows what? | relative amount of energy in every tropic level.
🗑
|
||||
| A numbers pyramid shows what? | Shows the relative number of organisms at each tropic level.
🗑
|
||||
| A biomass pyramid shows what? | grams of organic mater per unit area in each tropic level
🗑
|
||||
| An adaptation in which one organism loom or/and acts like another to avoid being eaten by a predator (predation) is called what? | mimicry
🗑
|
||||
| What is the process that all plants get most of their energy from | photosynthesis
🗑
|
||||
| photosynthesis is changing sunlight into | chemical compounds or energy
🗑
|
||||
| The green pigment in plant cells used for photosynthesis is called what? | chlorophyll
🗑
|
||||
| Photosynthesis occurs in what organelle? | chloroplasts
🗑
|
||||
| Plants need what basic things (3) to change light into food | Water, carbon-dioxide, light
🗑
|
||||
| When the plant undergo photosynthesis and produces a carbohydrate what is released into the air? | oxygen
🗑
|
||||
| what is the formula and basic formula (words) for photosynthesis? | 6CO2 + 6H2O -> C6H12O6 + 6O2
Carbon Water Energy Oxygen
dioxide
🗑
|
||||
| Organisms that used the energy of sunlight to make their own food are called what? | autotrophs
🗑
|
||||
| Autotrophs are also called what? | Producers
🗑
|
||||
| Organisms that are not able to make the own food and must consume others are called what? | heterotrophs
🗑
|
||||
| Heterotrophs are also called what? | consumers
🗑
|
||||
| What are the two main stages of photosynthesis | Light dependent reaction & light independent reaction - also know as Calvin cycle
🗑
|
||||
| Most animals and plants get their energy from the stored food called what? | Glucose
🗑
|
||||
| The process of breaking down glucose, to release energy is called what? | glycolysis
🗑
|
||||
| Cellular respiration occurs in what organelle? | mitochondria
🗑
|
||||
| The equation for cellular respiration is what? | 6O2 + C6H12O6 --> 6CO2 + 6H2O + ENERGY
🗑
|
||||
| The energy produced during cellular respiration is stored in what type of molecules? | ATP
🗑
|
||||
| The end products of cellular respiration are | carbon dioxide and water
🗑
|
||||
| What measures length? | ruler
🗑
|
||||
| what measures mass? | balance scale
🗑
|
||||
| what measures volume? | graduated cylinder
🗑
|
||||
| Goggles protect your? | eyes
🗑
|
||||
| You use a Petri dish to? | Culture cells (grow them)
🗑
|
||||
| Erlenmeyer flask is used for? | To measure and hold liquids
🗑
|
||||
| Watch glass is used for? | To cover the beaker
🗑
|
||||
| test tubes hold, mix, and heat what? | solids and liquids
🗑
|
||||
| Graduated cylinder is used for what? | to measure volume of an object
🗑
|
||||
| 5.1 Kilograms = how many grams | 5100 Grams
🗑
|
||||
| 1 gram equals how many milligrams? | 1000
🗑
|
||||
| 1 gram equals how many kilograms | .001
🗑
|
||||
| What is the freezing point of water in Celsius? | 0
🗑
|
||||
| What is the boiling point of water in Celsius? | 100
🗑
|
||||
| Organic compounds always have what element? | carbon
🗑
|
||||
| Inorganic compounds does not have what element | carbon
🗑
|
||||
| Carbohydrates, lipids , nucleic acids and protein all are what? (starts with o) | organic
🗑
|
||||
| What is the function of carbohydrates? | Main source of energy for multi-celluar organisms, and also used for structural purposes.
🗑
|
||||
| What is the function of a lipid? | To store energy (long term), waterproof membrane coverings, and some lipids can be steroids
🗑
|
||||
| What is the function of a nucleic acid? | transmits and passes down genetic information in a cell
🗑
|
||||
| what is the function of a protein? | controls cells properties and processes, fights diseases, transports, and also it builds muscle
🗑
|
||||
| What is the monomer of a carbohydrate? | mono-saccharides
🗑
|
||||
| what is the monomer of a lipid? | glycerol & Three fatty acid tail
🗑
|
||||
| what is the monomer of a protein? | amino acid
🗑
|
||||
| what is the monomer of a nucleic acid? | nucleotides
🗑
|
||||
| what is the most abundant compound in the human body? | Carbon
🗑
|
||||
| What are the four most abundant compounds found in the human body? | Carbon, hydrogen, oxygen, nitrogen
🗑
|
||||
| What do plants store their sugar in? | Starches
🗑
|
||||
| what do animals store their sugar in? | glycogen
🗑
|
||||
| Most enzymes are what? | Proteins
🗑
|
||||
| what is the process called where two molecules are joined together by splitting of a water molecule? | dehydration synthesis
🗑
|
||||
| What are two ways humans are affecting the carbon cycle? | Habitat destruction and burning fossil fuels.
🗑
|
||||
| What is an adaptation in which an organisms blends in with an environment to avoid being eaten? | camouflage
🗑
|
||||
| The food produced by plants is called? | glucose
🗑
|
||||
| ____________ is the study of the living world. | Biology
🗑
|
||||
| List the characteristics of living things. HINT: There are 8 | They must be made up of cells, must reproduce, must be based on a universal genetic code, must grow and develop, must obtain and user materials & energy, must respond to environment & maintain it, as a group they must change over time
🗑
|
||||
| What is the order of the scientific method? (7) | Problem, hypothesis, experiment, data, forming conclusions, share results repeat
🗑
|
||||
| What is an hypothesis? | a proposed scientific explanation for a set of observations (educated guess)
🗑
|
||||
| What is a variable? | The factors that are manipulated, changed or tested
🗑
|
||||
| What is the control? | The variable with no changing conditions. Used to compare results of the variable
🗑
|
||||
| What is a theory? | A well-tested explanation that unifies a broad range of observations
🗑
|
||||
| Qualitative is data that is not ______? | measured
🗑
|
||||
| What do you call data that is measured? | Quantitative
🗑
|
||||
| Length is measured in? | meters
🗑
|
||||
| Mass is measured in? | grams
🗑
|
||||
| Volume is measured in? | liters
🗑
|
||||
| temperature is measured in? | Celsius
🗑
|
||||
| Enzymes act as what inside the body? | catalyst (speed up reactions)
🗑
|
||||
| Name of enzymes usually end in what? | -ase
🗑
|
||||
| Name if sugars usually end in what? | -ose
🗑
|
||||
| What is saturated fat? | A type of fat that contains the most hydrogen bonds
🗑
|
||||
| What is the difference between monounsaturated and polyunsaturated fats? | Mono. fats only have one carbon to carbon bond while poly fats have two carbon to carbon bonds
🗑
|
||||
| What is the process called where you split a large molecules into a smaller molecules by adding water? | hydrolysis
🗑
|
||||
| What is the process in which amino acids are joined together to form proteins? | dehydration synthesis
🗑
|
||||
| What is the bond called that joins sugar molecules together to form disaccharides or polysaccharides? | dehydration synthesis
🗑
|
||||
| What is the process called where a polysaccharides is split into sugar molecule? | Hydrolysis
🗑
|
||||
| What element to proteins and amino acids only contain? | nitrogen
🗑
|
||||
| What are the two groups that never change in amino acids called? | amino group and carboxyl group
🗑
|
||||
| Amino acids bonds are called what? | peptide bonds
🗑
|
||||
| The chemical formula for a disaccharide is what? | C12H22O11
🗑
|
||||
| What is the three main principles of the cell theory? | All living things are composed of cells.
Cells are the basic structure and function in living things.
New cells are produced by existing cells.
🗑
|
||||
| a membrane that permits some substances to move through more easily than others is called what? | selectivity permeable
🗑
|
||||
| What is the four levels of cell organization from smallest to greatest? | cell, tissue, organ, organ system
🗑
|
||||
| Prokaryotes do not contain what | A nuclei
🗑
|
||||
| eukaryotes have a.... | nuclei
🗑
|
||||
| What is the two main compositions of the cytoskeleton? | Micro-filaments, and microtubles
🗑
|
||||
| What is the function of a nuclear envelope? | Protects, surrounds the nucleus and allows certain materials to move in and out.
🗑
|
||||
| What is the function of a nucleolus? | It is the small middle part of the nucleus and is where the assembly of ribosomes begins
🗑
|
||||
| What is the function of a chromatin? | Dna bound to protein and its main function is to hold dna.
🗑
|
||||
| What is the function of a chromosome? | Threadlike structure that holds genetic information of the cell.
🗑
|
||||
| What is the function of a cell membrane? | regulates what enters and exits the cell and provides support
🗑
|
||||
| What is the function of a cell wall? | Provides protection and support for the cell
🗑
|
||||
| What is the function of a mitochondria? | converts chemical energy stored in food compounds to energy ( the power house)
🗑
|
||||
| What is the function of a lysosome? | Breaks down lipids carbohydrates and proteins into simpler molecules for the cell to use
🗑
|
||||
| What is the function of a ribosome? | assembles proteins from instruction by the dna
🗑
|
||||
| What is the function of a smooth ER? | contains enzymes, main function is to preform specialized task (detoxification)
🗑
|
||||
| What is the function of a rough ER? | Synthesis proteins, ribosomes found on surface
🗑
|
||||
| What is the function of a Golgi apparatus? | modify, package, sort proteins and other materials
🗑
|
||||
| What is the function of a vacuole? | Store materials such as water and food
🗑
|
||||
| What is the function of a chloroplast? | capture energy from the sunlight and convert to chemical energy
🗑
|
||||
| What is the function of a centriole? | pulls spindle fibers to polls of the cells.
🗑
|
||||
| What organelle's are only in plants? | Cell wall, and chloroplast
🗑
|
||||
| Materials move into and out of cells from higher concentration to a lower concentration in what process? | Diffusion, osmosis, and facilitated diffusion
🗑
|
||||
| define osmosis | the diffusion of water through a selectivity permeable membrane
🗑
|
||||
| define diffusion | moving from a higher concentration to a lower concentration
🗑
|
||||
| define hypo-tonic | below strength
🗑
|
||||
| define hyper-tonic | above strength
🗑
|
||||
| What is the difference from passive transport to active transport? | Passive requires no energy and follow from high to low, active requires energy and can go from low to high
🗑
|
||||
| What are the channels and pumps made of that help move objects during facilitated diffusion? | Proteins
🗑
|
||||
| What is the difference between endocytosis and exocytosis? | Endo- takes in materials
Exoc- takes out materials
🗑
|
||||
| define facilitated diffusion | allowing certain materials to move faster than others through channels in the membrane
🗑
|
||||
| When cells shrink do to water loss this is called what? (also what type of solution does this occur in?) | plasmolysis - hyper-tonic
🗑
|
||||
| Bursting of cells due to excess of water is called what? (and what does this occur in) | cytolysis - hypo-tonic
🗑
|
||||
| What is the pressure that builds up against the cell wall due to excess water moving into the cell | turgor pressure
🗑
|
||||
| what type of solution is it when turgor pressure builds up against the cell wall? | hypo-tonic
🗑
|
||||
| What are two examples of endocytosis? | Phagocytosis, and pinocytosis
🗑
|
||||
| The unicellular organism Euglena uses what structure to move around? | flagella
🗑
|
||||
| The unicellular organism paramecium uses what structure to move around? | Cillea
🗑
|
||||
| What does cytosine bond with? | Guanine
🗑
|
||||
| What does adenine bond with? | thymine
🗑
|
||||
| What are the two process that dna is responsible for? | Replication and protein synthesis
🗑
|
||||
| Dna replicates itself in what stage of inter-phase? | S phase
🗑
|
||||
| What are nucleosomes made of? | It is made of Dna wrapped around protein balls called histones.
🗑
|
||||
| What is a histone? | Protein balls in the chromosomes
🗑
|
||||
| What is the process in which a molecules of DNA is copied into a complementary strand of mRNA | Transcription
🗑
|
||||
| What is the decoding of mRNA into a polypeptide chain (a protein) | translation
🗑
|
||||
| Dna is complementary so that one strand serves as a _________________ for a new strand during Dna replication (copying) | template
🗑
|
||||
| What are the three parts of a nucleotide? | (sugar) deoxyribose molecules, phosphate group, nitrogenous bases.
🗑
|
||||
| What bonds hold the three bases of nucleotides together? | hydrogen
🗑
|
||||
| What two molecules make up the backbone of the DNA ladder? | Deoxyribose (sugar) and phosphates
🗑
|
||||
| Watson and Crick (the makers of the dna model) said that dna is shaped like a _____________________ | double helix, in which two strands are wound around each other
🗑
|
||||
| What is the function of ribosomal RNA? | assembles the proteins on the ribosomes by providing enzymes
🗑
|
||||
| What is the function of Transfer Rna? | Transfers each amino acid to the ribosomes (gets instructions from mRNA)
🗑
|
||||
| What is the function of Messengers Rna? | carries out instructions or messages, to assemble proteins (from dna)
🗑
|
||||
| What is the difference between the DNA and RNA shape? | Rna is single stranded and DNA is double stranded
🗑
|
||||
| What is a mutation? | a mistake or change in the DNA sequence
🗑
|
||||
| The human body cell has how many chromosomes? | 46
🗑
|
||||
| How many pairs of chromosomes does the human body cell have? | 23
🗑
|
||||
| What are the stages that the cell goes through in inter-phase? | G1 phase, S phase and, G2 phase
🗑
|
||||
| What happen in G1 phase? | The cell growths and the cell synthesize proteins and organelles
🗑
|
||||
| What happens in S phase? | chromosomes are replicated and the synthesis of dna takes place.
🗑
|
||||
| What happens in G2 phase? | organelles and molecules for cells division are produced
🗑
|
||||
| what is the difference between chromatin, and chromosomes? | chromosomes - are with grainy appearances in the cell nucleus when the cell is not dividing. chromatin - distinct bodies when dna becomes visible during prophase
🗑
|
||||
| What is the function of spindle fibers? | structure that help sorts or separates chromosomes
🗑
|
||||
| What is the difference between how plant and animals cells divide during cytokinesis | Animals cells are split by the membrane pinching inward and in plant cells a cell plate is formed that separates it into two cells.
🗑
|
||||
| In what type of cell does mitosis take place? | Body cells (somatic cells)
🗑
|
||||
| What are the consequences of uncontrolled cell growth? | Cancer
🗑
|
||||
| A mass of cancerous cells is called what? | tumor
🗑
|
||||
| What happens in prophase? | Chromosomes become visible because chromatin condense. Centrioles separate and move to opposite sides. Spindle fibers form and attach to chromosomes. Nucleolus disappears
🗑
|
||||
| What happens in metaphase? | chromosomes line up at center of the cell, spindle fibers attach to chromosomes
🗑
|
||||
| What happens in anaphase? | Sisters chromatin separate individual chromosomes are moved apart
🗑
|
||||
| what happens in telophase? | chromosomes unwind, nuclear envelope reforms, nucleolus reappears in each daughter nucleus. Spindle fibers and centrioles disappear
🗑
|
||||
| what is the biome that has plants like cacti, nocturnal animals, sand soil, little precipitation? | Desert
🗑
|
||||
| what is the biome that has animals with thick fur, short growing season & permafrost? | tundra
🗑
|
||||
| what is the biome that has >200 cm rainfall per year, tree-dwelling animals & nutrient-poor soil? | tropical rain forest
🗑
|
||||
| what is the biome that has deep layer of topsoil, burrowing animals (prairie doges) & grazing animals (bison), few trees? | Temperate grassland
🗑
|
||||
| what is the biome that has 4 distinct season, mild climate, deciduous trees? | temperate deciduous forest
🗑
|
||||
| what is the biome that has grazing animals like zebra, lion and giraffes? | tropical savanna
🗑
|
||||
| what is the biome that has harsh winters, evergreen trees, elk & migratory birds? | northern coniferous forest
🗑
|
||||
| what is the biome that has temps. ranging from 26C to 27C & precipitation thought the year? | tropical rain forest
🗑
|
||||
| What are the two biomes with least amount of precipitation? | Tundra and desert
🗑
|
Review the information in the table. When you are ready to quiz yourself you can hide individual columns or the entire table. Then you can click on the empty cells to reveal the answer. Try to recall what will be displayed before clicking the empty cell.
To hide a column, click on the column name.
To hide the entire table, click on the "Hide All" button.
You may also shuffle the rows of the table by clicking on the "Shuffle" button.
Or sort by any of the columns using the down arrow next to any column heading.
If you know all the data on any row, you can temporarily remove it by tapping the trash can to the right of the row.
To hide a column, click on the column name.
To hide the entire table, click on the "Hide All" button.
You may also shuffle the rows of the table by clicking on the "Shuffle" button.
Or sort by any of the columns using the down arrow next to any column heading.
If you know all the data on any row, you can temporarily remove it by tapping the trash can to the right of the row.
Embed Code - If you would like this activity on your web page, copy the script below and paste it into your web page.
Normal Size Small Size show me how
Normal Size Small Size show me how
Created by:
bifd
Popular Science sets