Psych Exam IV: text
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| show | a group of disorders characterized by severely impaired cognitive processes, personality disintegration, affective disturbances, and social withdrawal
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| DSM-IV criteria for schizophrenia | show 🗑
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| positive symptoms | show 🗑
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| delusion | show 🗑
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| show | a person's belief that he or she is a famous or powerful person (from the present or past); may assume the identity of this person
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| show | a person's belief that other people, animals, or objects are trying to influence or take control of him or her
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| delusions of thought broadcasting | show 🗑
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| show | a person's belief that others are plotting against, mistreating, or even trying to kill him or her
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| show | a person's belief that he or she is always the center of attention or that all happenings revolve about himself or herself
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| thought withdrawal | show 🗑
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| show | the belief in the existence of identical "doubles" who may coexist with or replace significant others or the patient
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| show | sensory perceptions that are not directly attributable to environmental stimuli
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| loosening of associations | show 🗑
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| show | compulsive repetitions of meaningless words and phrases
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| show | symptoms associated with an inability or decreased ability to initiate actions or speech, express emotions, or feel pleasure; includes avolition, alogia, and flat affect
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| show | an inability to take action or become goal-oriented
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| alogia | show 🗑
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| show | little or no emotion in situations in which strong reactions are expected
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| primary symptoms | show 🗑
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| secondary symptoms | show 🗑
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| cognitive symptoms | show 🗑
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| show | most common; preoccupations with one or more delusions or hallucinations; no negative symptoms; best prognosis of the types
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| disorganized schizophrenia | show 🗑
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| show | two or more of the following: motoric immobility or stupor, excessive, purposeless motor activity, extreme negativism or physical resistance, peculiar voluntary movements, echolalia or echopraxia; rare in US
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| undifferentiated schizophrenia | show 🗑
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| residual schizophrenia | show 🗑
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| show | lasts no longer than one month; emotional turmoil and psychotic symptoms; ultimate return to functioning
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| schizophreniform disorder | show 🗑
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| delusional disorder | show 🗑
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| shared psychotic disorder | show 🗑
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| schizoaffective disorder | show 🗑
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| dopamine hypothesis | show 🗑
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| show | the likelihood that both members of a twin pair will show the same characteristic
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| show | a negative communication pattern that is found among some relatives of individuals with schizophrenia and that is associated with higher relapse rates. High EE = less chance of total recovery
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| show | antipsychotic drugs that can help treat symptoms of schizophrenia but can also produce undesirable side effects such as symptoms that mimic neurological disorders
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| milieu therapy | show 🗑
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| show | a disorder that affects thinking processes, memory, consciousness, and perception and that is caused by brain dysfunction
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| show | a neurological test that assesses brain damage by measuring the electrical activity of brain cells
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| computerized axial tomography (CT) | show 🗑
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| show | a technique for assessing brain damage in which the patient inhales radioactive gas and a gamma ray camera tracks the gas--and thus the flow of blood--as it moves throughout the brain
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| show | a technique for assessing brain damage in which the patient is injected with radioactive glucose and the metabolism of the glucose in the brain is monitored
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| show | a technique to assess brain functioning using a magnetic field and radio waves to produce pictures of the brain
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| dementia | show 🗑
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| aphasia | show 🗑
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| apraxia | show 🗑
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| show | failure to recognize or identify objects despite intact sensory function
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| show | a syndrome characterized by disturbance of consciousness and changes in cognition, such as memory deficit, disorientation, and language and perceptual disturbances
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| amnestic disorders | show 🗑
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| show | a physical wound or injury to the brain
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| cerebrovascular accident | show 🗑
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| cerebral infarction | show 🗑
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| vascular dementia | show 🗑
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| show | a dementia in which brain tissue atrophies, leading to marked deterioration of intellectual and emotional functioning
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| show | twisted masses of protein fibers inside nerve cells or neurons
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| senile plaques | show 🗑
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| Parkinson's disease | show 🗑
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| encephalitis | show 🗑
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| show | inflammation of the meninges, the membrane that surrounds the brain and spinal cord; can result in the localized destruction of brain tissue and seizures
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| show | a rare, genetically transmitted degenerative disease characterized by involuntary twitching movements and eventual dementia
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| cerebral tumor | show 🗑
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| epilepsy | show 🗑
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| pervasive developmental disorders | show 🗑
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| show | a severe childhood disorder characterized by qualitative impairment in social interaction and/or communication; restricted, stereotyped interest and activities; and delays or abnormal functioning in a major area before the age of three; more boys
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| show | .3% of children, does not fall into other PDD categories
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| show | .1% of children, and almost entirely females, generally lifelong
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| Childhood Disintegrative Disorder | show 🗑
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| show | .1%, affects many more boys than girls
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| show | disorders of childhood and adolescence characterized by socially disruptive behaviors--either attentional problems or hyperactivity--that are present before age seven and persist for at least six months; 3-9% of school population; more males/poor kids
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| show | a childhood disorder characterized by a pattern of negativistic, argumentatives, and hostile behavior in which the child often loses his or her temper, argues with adults, and defies or refuses adult requests; no serious rights violations
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| show | disorders of childhood and adolescence characterized by a persistent pattern of antisocial behaviors that violate the rights of others; repetitive and persistent behaviors include bullying, setting fires, rape, cheating, fighting, throwing temper tantrums
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| enuresis | show 🗑
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| encopresis | show 🗑
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| show | disorders characterized by academic functioning that is substantially below that expected in terms of the person's chronological age, measured intelligence, and age-appropriate education
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| dyslexia | show 🗑
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| dyscalculia | show 🗑
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| dysgraphia | show 🗑
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| mental retardation | show 🗑
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| show | a condition produced by the presence of an extra chromosome (trisomy 21) and resulting in mental retardation and distinctive physical characteristics
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| amniocentesis | show 🗑
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| show | a group of congenital physical and mental defects found in some children born to alcoholic mothers; symptoms include small body size and microcephaly, in which the brain is unusually small and mild retardation may occur
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| show | an eating disorder characterized by low body weight, an intense fear of becoming obese, and body image distortion
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| bulimia nervosa | show 🗑
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| binge eating disorder (BED) | show 🗑
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| eating disorder not otherwise specified (EDNOS) | show 🗑
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| show | confidentiality breach on the part of the therapist; Supreme Court decision "the Duty to Warn"
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| M'Naghten Rule | show 🗑
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| show | one test of sanity, which states that a defendant is not criminally responsible if he/she lacked the will power to control his/her behavior
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| show | a test of legal insanity known as the products test--an accused person is not responsible if the unlawful act was the product of mental disease or defect
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| ALI Model Penal Code | show 🗑
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| Ford v. Wainwright | show 🗑
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| show | people have a constitutional right to refuse treatment
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