Psych Exam IV: text
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| show | a group of disorders characterized by severely impaired cognitive processes, personality disintegration, affective disturbances, and social withdrawal
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| DSM-IV criteria for schizophrenia | show 🗑
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| positive symptoms | show 🗑
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| show | a false belief that is firmly and consistently held despite disconfirming evidence or logic
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| delusion of grandeur | show 🗑
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| show | a person's belief that other people, animals, or objects are trying to influence or take control of him or her
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| show | a belief that others can hear the individual's thoughts
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| show | a person's belief that others are plotting against, mistreating, or even trying to kill him or her
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| show | a person's belief that he or she is always the center of attention or that all happenings revolve about himself or herself
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| thought withdrawal | show 🗑
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| capgras's syndrome | show 🗑
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| show | sensory perceptions that are not directly attributable to environmental stimuli
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| loosening of associations | show 🗑
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| show | compulsive repetitions of meaningless words and phrases
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| negative symptoms | show 🗑
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| avolition | show 🗑
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| show | a lack of meaningful speech
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| flat affect | show 🗑
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| show | symptoms that arise from the disease itself
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| show | symptoms that may develop as a response to medication, institutionalization, or as a result of a mood disorder
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| cognitive symptoms | show 🗑
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| paranoid schizophrenia | show 🗑
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| disorganized schizophrenia | show 🗑
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| catatonic schizophrenia | show 🗑
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| show | like EDNOS in that it does not meet criteria for any other type; relatively common
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| residual schizophrenia | show 🗑
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| brief psychotic disorder | show 🗑
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| schizophreniform disorder | show 🗑
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| delusional disorder | show 🗑
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| show | in which a person who has a close relationship with an individual with delusional or psychotic beliefs comes to share those beliefs
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| show | characterized by a mood disorder and the presence of psychotic symptoms for at least two weeks in the absence of prominent mood symptoms
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| show | the suggestion that schizophrenia may result from excess dopamine activity at certain synaptic sites
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| concordance rate | show 🗑
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| expressed emotion (EE) | show 🗑
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| neuroleptics | show 🗑
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| show | a program in which the hospital environment operates as a community and patients exercise a wide range of responsibility, helping to make decisions and to manage wards
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| cognitive disorder | show 🗑
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| show | a neurological test that assesses brain damage by measuring the electrical activity of brain cells
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| computerized axial tomography (CT) | show 🗑
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| cerebral bood flow measurement | show 🗑
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| positron emission tomography (PET) | show 🗑
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| show | a technique to assess brain functioning using a magnetic field and radio waves to produce pictures of the brain
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| show | a syndrome characterized by memory impairment and cognitive disturbances such as aphasia, apraxia, agnosia, or disturbances in planning or abstraction in thought processes
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| show | language disturbance
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| apraxia | show 🗑
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| agnosia | show 🗑
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| show | a syndrome characterized by disturbance of consciousness and changes in cognition, such as memory deficit, disorientation, and language and perceptual disturbances
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| amnestic disorders | show 🗑
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| traumatic brain injury (TBI) | show 🗑
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| cerebrovascular accident | show 🗑
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| show | the death of brain tissue resulting from a decrease in the supply of blood serving that tissue
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| show | dementia characterized by uneven deterioration of intellectual abilities and resulting from a number of cerebral infarctions
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| Alzheimer's disease | show 🗑
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| show | twisted masses of protein fibers inside nerve cells or neurons
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| show | composed of parts of neurons surrounding a group of proteins called beta-amyloid deposits
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| show | progressively worsening disorder characterized by four primary symptoms: tremor, rigidity, bradykinesia (slowness of movement), and postural instability (impaired balance or coordination)
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| encephalitis | show 🗑
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| meningitis | show 🗑
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| show | a rare, genetically transmitted degenerative disease characterized by involuntary twitching movements and eventual dementia
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| show | a mass of abnormal tissue growing within the brain
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| epilepsy | show 🗑
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| show | disorders involving severe childhood impairment in areas such as social interaction and communication skills and the display of stereotyped interested and behaviors; autistic disorder, Rett syndrome, childhood disintegrative disorder, Asperger's syndrome
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| autistic disorder | show 🗑
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| PDDNOS | show 🗑
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| show | .1% of children, and almost entirely females, generally lifelong
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| show | .002% of children (extremely rare)
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| Asperger's Syndrome | show 🗑
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| show | disorders of childhood and adolescence characterized by socially disruptive behaviors--either attentional problems or hyperactivity--that are present before age seven and persist for at least six months; 3-9% of school population; more males/poor kids
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| show | a childhood disorder characterized by a pattern of negativistic, argumentatives, and hostile behavior in which the child often loses his or her temper, argues with adults, and defies or refuses adult requests; no serious rights violations
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| show | disorders of childhood and adolescence characterized by a persistent pattern of antisocial behaviors that violate the rights of others; repetitive and persistent behaviors include bullying, setting fires, rape, cheating, fighting, throwing temper tantrums
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| enuresis | show 🗑
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| show | an elimination disorder in which a child who is at least four years old defecates in his or her clothes, on the floor, or other inappropriate places, at least once a month for three months
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| learning disorders | show 🗑
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| show | difficulty with reading and reading comprehension; 4% of school-age children, more males than females
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| show | difficulty with computation, remembering math facts, concepts of time and money; 1% of school-age children
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| show | difficulty with handwriting, spelling, composition, grammar, punctuation; difficult to establish prevalence
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| mental retardation | show 🗑
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| show | a condition produced by the presence of an extra chromosome (trisomy 21) and resulting in mental retardation and distinctive physical characteristics
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| amniocentesis | show 🗑
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| fetal alcohol syndrome (FAS) | show 🗑
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| show | an eating disorder characterized by low body weight, an intense fear of becoming obese, and body image distortion
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| show | an eating disorder characterized by recurrent episodes of the rapid consumption of large quantities of food, a sense of loss of control over eating combined with purging, and/or excessive exercise or fasting in an attempt to compensate for binges
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| binge eating disorder (BED) | show 🗑
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| show | a category for individuals with problematic eating patterns who do not fully meet the criteria for one of the eating disorders; currently includes BED
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| show | confidentiality breach on the part of the therapist; Supreme Court decision "the Duty to Warn"
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| M'Naghten Rule | show 🗑
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| irresistible impulse test | show 🗑
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| show | a test of legal insanity known as the products test--an accused person is not responsible if the unlawful act was the product of mental disease or defect
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| ALI Model Penal Code | show 🗑
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| show | the government cannot execute an incompetent convict
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| show | people have a constitutional right to refuse treatment
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