Spatial Orientation
Quiz yourself by thinking what should be in
each of the black spaces below before clicking
on it to display the answer.
Help!
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| show | set of 5 organs--- 3 semicircular canals & 2 otolith organs--- located in each inner ear that sense head motion and head orientation w/respect to gravity. (Vestibular labyrinth)
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| Spatial orientation | show 🗑
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| Otolith organs | show 🗑
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| Semicircular canals | show 🗑
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| show | magnitude of displacement (increase or decrease) of a head movement s/a angular velocity, linear acceleration, & tilt.
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| show | spatial orientation modality that senses motion resulting from rotation
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| Sense of linear motion | show 🗑
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| Sense of tilt | show 🗑
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| Hair cells | show 🗑
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| Mechanoreceptors | show 🗑
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| Receptor potential | show 🗑
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| show | 1 of the 2 otolith organs. Saclike structure that contains the utricular macula
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| Saccule | show 🗑
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| show | specialized detectors of linear acceleration & gravity found in each otolith organ
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| show | tiny calcium carbonate stones in the ear that provide inertial mass for the otolith organs, enabling them to sense gravity & linear acceleration
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| show | illusory sense of self motion produced when you are not moving
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| Vestibular system; set of specialized sense organs located in the inner ear right next to the cochlea | show 🗑
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| Vestibular sensation | show 🗑
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| show | diff. receptors &/or diff. stimulation energy as vision and audition do
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| Vestibular transduces 3 stimulation energies | show 🗑
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| show | they transduce both linear acceleration & relative orientation of gravity into a neural signal (reliance on the brain and not the otolith organs to tell the diff. b/w gravity and linear acceleration)
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| show | perceived linear motion might be forward, up, & to the left
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| show | speed of our perceived motion can be large or small (see definition)
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| show | close eyes and nod head as if saying no (left to right)
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| show | cannot be done passively but riding in a car or train. Eg. passenger in a car, perceive motion as car reverses (backward linear motion), cessation of translation as car stops, and then forward translation as car moves forward
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| show |
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| show | x-axis: points forward; y-axis points out to the left ear; & z-axis always points outs the top of the head
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| show | directional quality;
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| Pitch | show 🗑
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| Yaw | show 🗑
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| Vestibular labyrinth | show 🗑
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| Each ear | show 🗑
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| show | changes in hair cell voltage---are proportional to the bending of the hair cell bundles & control the rate @ which hair cells release neurotransmitter to afferent neurons
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| show | by afferent neurons increases or decreases following the hair cell receptor potential
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| show | are maximally sensitive to rotations in in diff. planes yielding part of the direction coding for head rotation
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Created by:
Ugly.Beauty
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