Orthopedic Tests
Quiz yourself by thinking what should be in
each of the black spaces below before clicking
on it to display the answer.
Help!
|
|
||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Common causes of knee pain in children and adolescents | Patellar subluxation, Tibial apophysitis (OSgood-Schlatter lesion), Jumper's knee (patellar tendonitis), Referred pain (SCFE), Osteochondritis dissecans
🗑
|
||||
| Common causes of knee pain in adults | Patellofemoral pain syndrome, medial plica syndrome, pes anserine bursitis, trauma, ligamentous sprains, meniscal tear, RA, Reiter's syndrome, septic arthritis
🗑
|
||||
| Common causes of knee pain in older adults | Osteoarthritis, crystal induced inflammatory arthropathy, gout, pseudogout, popliteal cyst (Baker's cyst)
🗑
|
||||
| Anterior knee pain | patellar subluxation, tibial apophysitis (Osgood-Schlatter lesion), Jumper's knee (patellar tendonitis), Patellofemoral pain syndrome (chondromalacia patellae), anterior cruciated ligament injury
🗑
|
||||
| Medial knee pain | Medial colloteral ligament sprain, medial meniscal tear, pes anserine bursitis, medial plica syndrome
🗑
|
||||
| Lateral knee pain | Lateral collateral ligament sprain, lateral meniscal tear, Iliotibial band tendonitis
🗑
|
||||
| Posterior knee pain | Popliteal cyst (Baker's cyst), Posterior cruciate ligament injury
🗑
|
||||
| Q angle (quadriceps angle) | angle between lines from tibial tubercle to middle of patella and from ASIS to middle of patella
🗑
|
||||
| Normal Q angles | Q-angle 14 for male, 17 for female (+-3)
🗑
|
||||
| Increased Q angle indicate? | external tibial torsion, laterally positioned tibial tuberosity, tight lateral retinaculum, genu valgum, (increased peak patellofemoral contact pressures, patella alta)
🗑
|
||||
| Knee ROM normals | Flex 135, Ext 0, IR 10, ER 10
🗑
|
||||
| Knee joint effusion | Limited ROM d/t tissue swelling
-May damage meniscus, cruciate ligament, muscle, bursitis, RA, OA, infection
🗑
|
||||
| Septic arthritis (info, sxs) | Infected joint (orthopedic emergency)
-systemic gonococcal infection, puncture into joint,
Sxs: rapid onset of joint inflammation after UTI, dental abscess, urethritis
🗑
|
||||
| Ballotable patellar Test | -passive, supine
-knee extended or slightly flexed, apply pressure or tap over patella
+: floating patella over knee joint =major synovial joint fluid effusion
🗑
|
||||
| Bulge Test | -passive, supine, knee extended
-apply brushing strokes along medial aspect of patella (inf->sup). Then press on lateral side of patella looking for fluid wave medially
+wave=minor synovial fluid effusion
🗑
|
||||
| Pes anserine bursitis | Local inflammation to pes anserine
(sartorius, gracilis, semitendinosis)
-associated w/ OA, obesity, jumping sports, rule out MCL injury/meniscal tear
🗑
|
||||
| Prepatellar bursitis | -housemaid's knee, most common bursitis,
-insidious onset of pain, pain w/ direct pressure, full ROM (not in septic)
🗑
|
||||
| Patellar subluxation/dislocation | -Observed, injury related
-increased valgus, Q-angle >15deg, patellar crepitus/apprehension,
-hyperlaxity
🗑
|
||||
| Pes anserine bursitis Tx | Anti-inflammatories, hydrotherapy, hamstring stretching, injection (homeopathic)
🗑
|
||||
| Patellar subluxation/dislocation Tx | Brace, rehab, taping, PT
-Quad/VMO Strengthening
-surgical realignment
🗑
|
||||
| Miserable malalignment syndrome | -femoral anteversion, genu valgum, foot pronation
sxs: anterior knee pain, pain w/ stairs
🗑
|
||||
| Patellar apprehension Test | -passive supine
-observe patient's face while extending knee and manually displace patella laterally
+pain or apprehension=lateral patella dislocation
🗑
|
||||
| Chondromalacia apatella (aka anterior knee pain syndrome, patellofemoral stress syndrome) | Anterior knee pain (w/ squatting, kneeling, walking down stairs)
-commonly in runners, sports
-reversible/no breakdown of articular cartilage
🗑
|
||||
| Patellar grinding Test (1) | active/resisted, supine
1-tract the patella inferiorly then ask pt to contract quadriceps
+pain or crepitus=chondromalacia patella
🗑
|
||||
| Patellar tendonitis (aka jumper's knee) | anterior knee pain due to patellar tendonitis
-pain w/ squatting, kneeling, stairs
🗑
|
||||
| Patellar grinding Test (2) | Passive, supine
-move patella medially and laterally while pressing down
+pain under patella=chondro.pat., retropatellar arthritis,
+pain over patella=prepatellar bursitis
🗑
|
||||
| Medial collateral ligament Test (abduction/valgus stress test) | passive, supine
-abduct leg (valgus) while stabilizing knee
+pain=MCL injury
🗑
|
||||
| Lateral collateral ligament Test (adduction/varus stress test) | passive, supine
-adduct leg (varus) while stabilizing knee
+pain=LCL injury
🗑
|
||||
| Apley's distraction Test | passive, prone
-flex knee to 90, stabilize thigh, pull on ankle w/ internal/external rotation
+pain=meniscus/ligament injury
🗑
|
||||
| Plica | remnant of connective tissue from fetus development. thin wall of fibrous tissue extending from synovial capsule.
Sxs: medial knee pain, snapping sensation w/ knee flexion, provocative: stairs/squatting, repeated flex/ext movements, painful arc at 30-60
🗑
|
||||
| Mediopatella Plica Test | passive, supine
-Flex affected leg to 30deg, then move patella medially (pinch plica btw medial femoral condyle and patella
+pain=plica adhered to patella and is inflamed
🗑
|
||||
| Anterior Cruciate Ligament injury | change of direction (non-contact injury), sudden giving way of knee, hearing pop, swelling w/in two hours, effusion (blocks palpation)
-concurrent meniscal tear
🗑
|
||||
| Anterior drawer Test | passive supine
-flex knee (P->A pull)
+>5 mm of tibial movement on femur=injury/tear of ACL
🗑
|
||||
| Lachman's test | passive, supine
-flex knee slightly, stabilize femur and pull leg P->A
+softened feel and anterior translation of tibia=ACL tear
🗑
|
||||
| Posterior Cruciate Ligament Injury | 70% associate w/ injury
Hx: hyperextension, hyperflexion w/ posterior tibial displacement, direct blow to anterior tibia
PE: effusion, bruising,
🗑
|
||||
| Posterior Drawer Test | passive, supine
-flex knee (A->P pull)
+>5mm tibial movement on femur=injury or tear of PCL
🗑
|
||||
| Meniscal Tears | -acute injury/degenerative process
-age<40: sports w/ twisting, cutting, jumping, rapid deceleration
Age>40: injury w/ standing, kneeling, squatting, Baker's cyst
-swelling w/in 24 hrs, quads dysfuntion
🗑
|
||||
| Meniscal Tear TX | PT for ROM, quad strengthening, anti-inflammatories, arthroscopic debridement vs. repair, free bicycling, contrast therapy (not in acute)
🗑
|
||||
| McMurray's Test | passive, supine
-flex hip and knee, 1-externally rotate ft and valgus stress, extend leg, 2-internally rotate ft and varus stress, extend leg
+palpate or audible click=meniscal injury/tear
🗑
|
||||
| Apley's compression Test | passive, prone
-flex knee to 90 and press down w/ rotations while stabilizing thigh
+pain or crepitus=Meniscal injury
🗑
|
Review the information in the table. When you are ready to quiz yourself you can hide individual columns or the entire table. Then you can click on the empty cells to reveal the answer. Try to recall what will be displayed before clicking the empty cell.
To hide a column, click on the column name.
To hide the entire table, click on the "Hide All" button.
You may also shuffle the rows of the table by clicking on the "Shuffle" button.
Or sort by any of the columns using the down arrow next to any column heading.
If you know all the data on any row, you can temporarily remove it by tapping the trash can to the right of the row.
To hide a column, click on the column name.
To hide the entire table, click on the "Hide All" button.
You may also shuffle the rows of the table by clicking on the "Shuffle" button.
Or sort by any of the columns using the down arrow next to any column heading.
If you know all the data on any row, you can temporarily remove it by tapping the trash can to the right of the row.
Embed Code - If you would like this activity on your web page, copy the script below and paste it into your web page.
Normal Size Small Size show me how
Normal Size Small Size show me how
Created by:
phdinh33
Popular Sports Medicine sets