N140 OLOL Psych ~ Psychopharmacology
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| show | Used to treat:anxiety, insomnia, seizures, panic disorders, & alcohol withdrawal. Acts by depressing the CNS.
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| Benzodiazepines | show 🗑
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| Benzodiazepines (Ativan/lorazepam) | show 🗑
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| show | Should be d/c slowly to prevent withdrawal.
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| show | These are schedule IV drugs which have some potential for abuse.
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| show | Used to treat depressed mood, feelings of sadness, emotional upset, & chronic pain.
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| Depression | show 🗑
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| show | Tricyclic; SSRI's; SNRI's; MAOI's (all take 2 weeks or more to become therapeutic)
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| Tricyclic Agents | show 🗑
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| show | Act by blocking uptake of norepinephrine & serotonin; no longer the first line drug treatment for depression; Has more side effects than newer agents.
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| show | Side Effects:sedation;orthostatic hypotension,& anticholinergic effects (dry mouth, constipation, urinary retention,&blurred vision).
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| show | Bc of their anticholinergic properties, use cautiously with: sympathomimetics; MAO inhibitors; anticholinergics
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| Cardiac toxicity / arrhythmias | show 🗑
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| SSRIs | show 🗑
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| SSRIs | show 🗑
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| show | very effective in treating major depression.
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| show | Side effects include: sexual dysfunction(70%), weight gain, nausea, headaches, insomnia, & anxiety.
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| show | usually begins with first few days of therapy; usually caused by drug interaction with other serotonergics/MAOI's.
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| Serotonin Syndrome | show 🗑
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| Serotonin Syndrome | show 🗑
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| Serotonin Syndrome | show 🗑
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| show | Serotonin & Norepinephrine Reuptake Inhibitors
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| SNRIs | show 🗑
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| show | Parnate/tranylcypromine
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| MAOIs | show 🗑
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| show | Often used in atypical depression, bulimia, panic attacks, obsessive-compulsive disorders.
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| show | Adverse effects: CNS stimulation (anxiety, agitation, hypomania), orthostatic hypotension (this does not subside).
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| Hypertensive crisis | show 🗑
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| show | Has many drug interactions, mostly those that have vasoconstrictive properties (ie OTC cold meds, etc.) & enhance hypertensive crisis.
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| While on an MAOI, teach patient to refrain from eating foods containing tyramine. List foods containing tyramine. | show 🗑
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| St John's Wort | show 🗑
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| Lithium | show 🗑
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| Depakote / valproic acid | show 🗑
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| 0.5 - 1.5mEq/L | show 🗑
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| Informed consent | show 🗑
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| Twelve hours | show 🗑
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| Lithium | show 🗑
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| show | fine hand tremors; weight gain; fatigue; polydypsia; polyuria; edema; GI upset; slurred speech.
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| show | coarse hand tremors; confusion; EKG changes; sedation; blurred vision & tinnitus. *These symptoms progress to seizure & death.
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| show | adequate fl intake&Na+ moderation;avoid sweating;frequent drug serum levels;side effects include wt gain&hypothyroidism;stress the importance of medication compliance;there are many drug-drug interactions(NSAIDS increase Li levels)&inform MD of all meds.
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| show | Electrolyte studies, CBC, Thyroid studies, EKG, & BUN/Creatinine
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| What does Lithium do? | show 🗑
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| show | avoiding the sun, potential overheating, & dehydration.
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| Which neurotransmitter is not affected by Lithium? | show 🗑
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| show | Antiepileptic agent that works faster than Lithium, with less side effects.
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| Depakote | show 🗑
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| show | What is a major concern regarding Depakote?
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| Antipsychotics | show 🗑
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| show | ___ work by decreasing amounts of neurotransmitters, primarily dopamine & serotonin in the CNS.
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| show | To make the patient think more clearly. Schizophrenia is called a "thought disorder".
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| Positive effects | show 🗑
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| Negative effects | show 🗑
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| Typical Antipsychotics | show 🗑
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| show | More effective at treating positive effects rather than negative effects of schizophrenia; have many side effects & require careful patient monitoring.
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| Hypertension | show 🗑
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| St John's Wort | show 🗑
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| show | Currently, research has not supported FDA approval.
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| Extrapyramidal symptoms | show 🗑
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| Akathisia | show 🗑
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| Parkinsonism | show 🗑
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| show | Spasms, prolonged contractions of muscle groups; *Dangerous & painful & can be treated.
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| show | Medications used to treat EPS (Extrapyramidal Symptoms).
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| Tardive Dyskinesia | show 🗑
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| show | Most serious of all side effects; Characterized by "lead-pipe" rigidity, sudden high fever & changes in cognition.
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| show | Drug used for treatment of Neuroleptic Malignant Syndrome.
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| Neuroleptic Malignant Syndrome | show 🗑
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| Risperidone / Risperdal | show 🗑
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| show | Atypical Antipsychotic agent.
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| Atypical Antipsychotics | show 🗑
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| show | Side effects include: orthostatic hypotension, sedation, & anticholinergic effects.
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| show | Atypical antipsychotic that has a major side effect of agranulocytosis - WBC monitored frequently & patients are taught to report sore throat, fever, mucous membrane ulceration, & fatigue.
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| show | These are long-acting, injectable formulations. Typically given every 2-4 weeks. The goal is to prevent relapse of schizophrenia.
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| Depot drugs | show 🗑
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