N140 OLOL Psych ~ Psychopharmacology
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| Benzodiazepines (Ativan/lorazepam) | show 🗑
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| show | Most common side effects are: sedation, & when given IV, it can cause hypotension & cardiac arrest.
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| show | Dangerous if used with other CNS depressants (alcohol, opiods, etc.)
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| Benzodiazepines | show 🗑
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| Benzodiazepines | show 🗑
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| Antidepressants | show 🗑
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| Depression | show 🗑
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| show | Tricyclic; SSRI's; SNRI's; MAOI's (all take 2 weeks or more to become therapeutic)
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| Tricyclic Agents | show 🗑
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| show | Act by blocking uptake of norepinephrine & serotonin; no longer the first line drug treatment for depression; Has more side effects than newer agents.
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| show | Side Effects:sedation;orthostatic hypotension,& anticholinergic effects (dry mouth, constipation, urinary retention,&blurred vision).
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| Tricyclic Agents | show 🗑
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| show | Most serious side effect of Tricyclic agents.
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| show | Selective Serotonin Reuptake Inhibitors
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| show | Prozac/fluozetine
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| SSRIs | show 🗑
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| show | Side effects include: sexual dysfunction(70%), weight gain, nausea, headaches, insomnia, & anxiety.
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| Serotonin Syndrome | show 🗑
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| show | Side effects include: HTN, altered mental status, sweating, incoordination, fever, etc.
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| Serotonin Syndrome | show 🗑
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| show | Symptoms of withdrawal include: dizziness, tremor, dysphoria, & sensory disturbances.
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| SNRIs | show 🗑
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| show | Effexor/venlafaxine
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| show | Parnate/tranylcypromine
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| MAOIs | show 🗑
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| MAOIs | show 🗑
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| show | Adverse effects: CNS stimulation (anxiety, agitation, hypomania), orthostatic hypotension (this does not subside).
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| show | A ___ can occur while taking MAOIs, if a patient eats foods containing tyramine, which promotes the release of norepinephrine.
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| MAOIs | show 🗑
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| While on an MAOI, teach patient to refrain from eating foods containing tyramine. List foods containing tyramine. | show 🗑
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| show | Side effects include: photosensitivity, increases metabolism of many drugs (coumadin/ Warfarin; oral contraceptives).
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| Lithium | show 🗑
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| show | Antiepileptic agent used to treat Bipolar disorder.
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| show | Therapeutic level of Lithium
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| show | Narrow therapeutic range of Lithium, often requires ____ due to high risk for toxicity.
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| Twelve hours | show 🗑
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| Lithium | show 🗑
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| 75% of patients taking Lithium will have one or more of these side effects when drug is in the therapeutic range. List side effects. | show 🗑
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| show | coarse hand tremors; confusion; EKG changes; sedation; blurred vision & tinnitus. *These symptoms progress to seizure & death.
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| Patient teaching regarding the administration of Lithium. | show 🗑
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| show | Electrolyte studies, CBC, Thyroid studies, EKG, & BUN/Creatinine
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| show | It alters sodium transport in nerve and muscle cells and inhibits the release of norepinephrine and dopamine. It does not, however, inhibit the release of serotonin.
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| Client & family education is essential to prevent Lithium toxicity. Teaching points include: | show 🗑
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| show | Serotonin
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| Depakote | show 🗑
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| show | Side effects include: GI disturbances & weight gain (usually eliminated when drug is enteric coated).
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| Teratogenic defects | show 🗑
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| show | Used to treat psychosis associated primarily with schizophrenia.
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| show | ___ work by decreasing amounts of neurotransmitters, primarily dopamine & serotonin in the CNS.
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| What is the goal of antipsychotics? | show 🗑
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| Positive effects | show 🗑
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| show | Schizophrenia characterized by a blunted affect, poor hygiene, poverty of speech, social withdrawal.
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| Typical Antipsychotics | show 🗑
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| show | More effective at treating positive effects rather than negative effects of schizophrenia; have many side effects & require careful patient monitoring.
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| show | SNRI's are similar to SSRI's, however, side effects may include ___.
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| show | "Mother Nature's Prozac"
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| St John's Wort | show 🗑
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| show | (EPS) early symptoms (usually occurring hours or days after initiating treatment) include: akathisia, parkinsonism, & dystonia.
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| Akathisia | show 🗑
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| Parkinsonism | show 🗑
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| show | Spasms, prolonged contractions of muscle groups; *Dangerous & painful & can be treated.
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| Benadryl and Cogentin | show 🗑
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| show | (TD) involuntary movements of the tongue & face. ("fly catching", smacking); Assess often,using AIM(Abnormal Involuntary Movement) assessment form; *Usually IRREVERSIBLE*
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| show | Most serious of all side effects; Characterized by "lead-pipe" rigidity, sudden high fever & changes in cognition.
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| Dantrium / dantrolene | show 🗑
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| show | Side effects include: anticholinergic effects(dry mouth, urinary retention, constipation, blurred vision); sexual dysfunction; orthostatic hypotension.
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| show | Atypical Antipsychotic agent.
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| show | Atypical Antipsychotic agent.
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| Atypical Antipsychotics | show 🗑
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| show | Side effects include: orthostatic hypotension, sedation, & anticholinergic effects.
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| Clozaril / clozapine | show 🗑
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| show | These are long-acting, injectable formulations. Typically given every 2-4 weeks. The goal is to prevent relapse of schizophrenia.
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| show | drugs now available are Haldol & Risperdal. They are called ____.
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