Cell chapter life science HACKER 8A
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| A ______ is the most basic unit of all living things | cell
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| The job that an organ does is the _______ | function
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| Ribosomes and mitochondria are types of _________ | organelles
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| An _______ is an organism whose cells have a nucleus. | eukaryote
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| A _______ is an organism whose cells do not have a nucleus. | prokaryote
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| A group of cells working together to perform a specific function is an ______ _________ | organ system
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| Only plant cells have a ____ _____ | cell wall
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| A group of tissues that work together to perform a specific job is an _______ | organ
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| The three advantages of being multicellular are... | larger size, longer life, and specialized cells
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| The ______ contains DNA in an eukaryotic cell. | nucleus
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| All cells come from other cells is part of the _____ _______ | cell theory
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| The size of a cell is limited by the _______ _____-__-_______ ______ | surface area-to-volume ratio
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| Two types of organisms whose cells do not have a nucleus are | eubacteria and archaebacteria
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| What are the four levels of organization in living things from lowest to highest? | cells, tissues, organs, and organ systems
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| What is the arrangement of parts in an organism called? | structure
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| What acts as a protective barrier and separates the cell from it's environment? | cell membrane
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| Which organelle makes lipids breaks down drugs and other substances, and packages proteins for Golgi complex? | endoplasmic reticulum
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| Which organelle processes and transports proteins out of the cell? | golgi complex
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| What are tiny, round organelles made of protein and other material? | ribosomes
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| What is the fluid inside a cell called? | cytoplasm
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| What are small bodies in cell's cytoplasm that are specialized to perform specific functions? | organelles
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| In a eukaryotic cell, an organism that contains the cell's DNA and that has a role in growth, metabolism, and reproduction? | nucleus
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| What is an organism that consists of a single cell that does not have a nucleus or membrane-bound organelles? | prokaryote
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| What are prokaryotes that are the smallest cells and have ribosomes? | eubacteria
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| What are prokaryotes that include extremophiles, organisms that live in extreme environments? | archaebacteria
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| What is an organism made up of cells that have a nucleus enclosed by a membrane as well as membrane-bound organelles? | eukaryote
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| What is a rigid structure that gives support to the cell? | cell wall
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| What is a barrier that encloses and protects the cell? | cell membrane
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| What is a web of proteins in the cytoplasm that keeps a cell's membrane from collapsing? | cytoskeleton
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| What is a large organelle that produces and stores the cell's DNA? | nucleus
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| What is a system of folded membranes that functions as the internal delivery system of a cell? | endoplasmic reticulum
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| What is the organelle that functions as the main power source of a cell, breaking down sugar to produce energy? | mitochondria
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| What is the organelle in which photosynthesis takes place? | chloroplasts
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| What is the organelle that packages and distributes proteins? | golgi complex
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| What is the organelle that contains digestive enzymes? | lysosomes
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| Every cell has four structures: | cell membrane, organelles, cytoplasm, and DNA
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| ______ has long, circular DNA | Bacteria
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| What organelle is found mainly in animal cells? | lysosomes
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| _____ ______ have a cell wall, make their own food using photosynthesis, and they have chloroplasts | Plant cells
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| How do multicellular cells grow? | by making more small cells
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| nerve tissue, muscle tissue, connective tissue, and protective tissue are the four basic types of tissues in _____ | animals
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| transport tissue, ground tissue and protective tissue are the three basic types of tissues in _____ | plants
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| The millions of tiny air sacs in the lungs are called _______ | alveoli
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| What are three examples of plant organs? | leaf systems, root systems, and stem systems
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| A small sac that surrounds material to be moved into or out of a cell is a ______ | vesicle
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| What organelle destroys worn out or damaged organelles and get rid of waste materials and protect the cell from foreign invaders? | lysosomes
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| Chloroplasts are organelles that are found in the cells of _____ and _____ | plants and algae
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| Chloroplasts are green because they contain _____ | chlorophyll
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| What process happens inside a chloroplasts? | photosynthesis
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| What is the genetic material contained inside a cell's nucleus? | DNA
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| What organelle controls chemical reactions? | proteins
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| What are the two forms of endoplasmic reticulum? | rough ER and smooth ER
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| Proteins are made up of _____ _____ | amino acids
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| Organelles that make up proteins are called ______ | ribosomes
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| What is a dark area of the nucleus that stores materials and makes ribosomes? | nucleolus
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| Who was the first person to describe cells? | Hooke
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| What discovered single-celled organisms including bacteria? | Leeuwenhoek
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| Who concluded that all plant parts were made of cells? | Schleiden
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| Who concluded that all animal tissues were made of cells? | Schwann
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| Who concluded that all cells come from existing cells? | Virchow
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| How do you calculate the surface area-to-volume ratio? | divide the total surface area of the cell by the cell's volume
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