Cervical, Thoracic, Lumbar, & Shoulder orthopedic tests
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| Rust's Sign | Severe muscular strain, ligmentous instability, posterior disc defect, upper cervical fracture, dislocation
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| Valsalva Sign | SOL in cervical canal/foramen
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| Foraminal Compression Test | Local: Foraminal encroachment w/ nerve root compresion
Radicular: Foraminal encroachment w/ nerve root compression
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| Flexion Compression Test | Inc. Radicular: Disc problem
Dec. Local: apophyseal capsulitis
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| Extension Compression Test | Dec. Radicular: Disc problem
Inc. Radicular: Foraminal encroachment
Inc. Local: apophyseal capsulitis
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| Jackson's Compression Test | Local: Foraminal encroachment w/ nerve root compresion
Radicular: Foraminal encroachment w/ nerve root compression
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| Cervical Distraction Test | Inc. Local: Muscular spasm, strain, sprain, apophyseal capsulitis
Dec. Radicular: Disc problem, foraminal encroachment
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| Shoulder Depression Test | Inc Local same side: Muscle spasm/strain/sprain, adhesion, ligament injury
Inc. Opposite side: Disc defect, foraminal encroachment,
Inc Radicular: TOS, neurovascular bundle compression
Inc.
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| Brudzinski's (Lindner's) Test | Meningitis
-nerve root involvement
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| Soto Hall | Inc. Local: Ligament, Muscular, Osseous, cervical cord problem
+Radicular: Disc problem
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| Hallpike's Test | +Dizziness, Vertigo, Faintness, Blurry vision, Nystagmus, Nausea
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| Adam's Position | +Dec. angle: Functional Scoliosis
+No change: Anatomical/structural scoliosis
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| Schepelman's Test | +Same side: Intercostal neuritis
+Opposite side: Pleuritis or intercostal sprain
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| Chest Expansion Test | +<2in or <1in: Ankylosing spondylitis
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| Sternal Compression Test | Rib Fracture
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| Beevor's Sign | +Cephalad movement: Lower muscular weakness T10-T12
+Caudad movement: Upper muscular weakness T7-T10
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| Minor's Sign | Sciatica (Sciatic radiculopathy)
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| Bechterew's Test | +Compression of sciatic nerve, lumbar nerve roots, or disc protrusion
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| Slump Test | Disc problem
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| Kemp's Test | Local pain: apophyseal capsulitis
Radicular same side: lateral disc protrusion
Radicular opposite side: medial disc protrusion
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| Turyn's Test | +Gluteal region pain: Sciatic radiculopathy
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| Well Leg Raise | Inc. radicular pain: Medial disc protrusion
Dec. radicular pain: Lateral disc protrusion
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| Lasegue's Test | +Dec. pain w/ knee flexion: sciatic radiculopathy
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| Straight Leg Raise | +0-35: SI joint, Piriformis syndrome
+35-70: Disc defect
+70-90: Lumbar joint problem
+dull posterior thigh pain: tight hamstrings
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| Kernig's Sign | +Inc. pain with leg straightening: Meningitis, Sciatic radiculopathy
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| Bragard's Test | +0-35: SI joint, Piriformis syndrome
+35-70: Disc defect
+70-90: Lumbar joint problem
+dull posterior thigh pain: tight hamstrings
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| Bonnet's Test | +Radicular pain, paresthesia
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| Milgram's Test | +Low back pain: SOL
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| Hoover's Sign | +no posterior pressure on unaffected leg: malingering
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| Burn's Bench Test | +Unable to perform test b/c LBP complaints: malingering
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| Prone Lumbar Hyperextension Test | +Pain: Lumbar sprain/strain
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| Subacromial Push BUtton Sign | +Pain: Subacromial bursitis
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| Dawbarn's Test | +Pain: Bursitis
Abduction decreases pain:subacromial bursitis
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| Dugas Test | +Inability to tough the shoulder, pain: anterior instability/dislocation of humeral head
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| Apley's Scratch Test | +Pain: rotator cuff tendinitis
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| Drop Arm (Codman's) Test | +Not able to lower arm slowly or arm drops suddenly: rotator cuff tear
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| Neer Impingement Sign | +Pain: supraspinatus, biceps tendinitis (overuse)
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| Empty Can Test | +Pain over greater tubercle of humerus: tear or tenditis of supraspinatus
+deltoid pain: strained deltoid
+Weakness: suprascapular neuropathy
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| Speed's Test | +bicipital groove pain: bicipital tendinitis
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| Lippman's Test | +Pain: Bicipital tendinitis, ruptured transverse humeral ligament
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| Yergason's Test | +Local pain: bicipital tendinitis
+Displacement of bicipital tendon: ruptured transverse humeral ligament
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| Anterior Apprehension Test | +Local Pain:
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| Posterior Apprehension Test | +Local Pain:
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| Wright's Hyperabduction test | +Dec. pulse: TOS (pec minor compression of axillary artery)
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| Adson's Test | +Dec. pulse: TOS (scalenus anterior compression of subclavian artery)
+Presthesia/Radiculopthy of UE: Compression of brachial plexus
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| Reverse Adson's Test | +Dec Pulse: TOS Scalenus Medius compression of subclavian artery
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| Eden's (Costoclavicular) Test | +Dec. Pulse: TOS (hypertonic subclavius muscle, dislocation of medical clavicle, fracture of 1st rib/clavicle
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| Roo's Test (EAST) | +Arm weakness, discoloration: TOS
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