pearson microbiology Bauman Chap 6
Quiz yourself by thinking what should be in
each of the black spaces below before clicking
on it to display the answer.
Help!
|
|
||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|
show | an increase in a population of microbes rather than an increase in size of an individual
🗑
|
||||
discrete colony is ________________ | show 🗑
|
||||
show | Autotrophs
🗑
|
||||
Organisms that catabolize reduced organic molecules (proteins, carbohydrates, amino acids, and fatty acids) are called ______________ | show 🗑
|
||||
show | Chemotrophs
🗑
|
||||
show | Phototrophs
🗑
|
||||
show | Obligate Aerobes
🗑
|
||||
what is the name for organisms that are poisoned by oxygen and cannot tolerate it? | show 🗑
|
||||
Singlet Oxygen is _________ | show 🗑
|
||||
Phototrophic organisms have these to remove the excess energy of Singlet Oxygen | show 🗑
|
||||
Which organisms can maintain life via Fermentation or Anaerobic Respiration or by Aerobic respiration | show 🗑
|
||||
What does not use Aerobic Metabolism, but do have some enzymes that detoxify oxygen's poisonous forms, so can grow in its presence | show 🗑
|
||||
show | Microaerophiles
🗑
|
||||
Insufficient Nitrogen for proteins and nucleotides | show 🗑
|
||||
Phosphorus | show 🗑
|
||||
show | Usually found in sufficient quantities in tap water
🗑
|
||||
show | organic chemicals that cannot be synthesized by certain organisms (Vitamins, Essential Amino Acids, Purines, Pyrimidines, Cholesterol, NADH, and Heme)
🗑
|
||||
effect of low temperature on lipid-containing membranes of cells and organelles | show 🗑
|
||||
categories of microbes based on temperature range | show 🗑
|
||||
show | those that grow best at about 15 degrees celcius; can grow below 0 degrees celcius, but not much above 20 degrees celcius
🗑
|
||||
show | those growing best between 20 degrees and 40 degrees celcius; the human pathogens are in this group
🗑
|
||||
thermophiles | show 🗑
|
||||
hyperthermophiles | show 🗑
|
||||
show | microbes that grow best in a narrow range around neutral pH (6.5-7.5); includes most bacteria an protozoa
🗑
|
||||
Acidophiles | show 🗑
|
||||
acidic waste products | show 🗑
|
||||
show | microbes that live in alkaline soils and water up to pH 11.5
🗑
|
||||
why microbes require water | show 🗑
|
||||
show | what cease most metabolic activity in a dry environment for years?
🗑
|
||||
show | what are the 2 physical effects of water?
🗑
|
||||
osmotic pressure | show 🗑
|
||||
show | those with lower solute concentrations and higher water concentrations; cells placed in these solutions gain water; and if they lack a cell wall, may burst
🗑
|
||||
show | those with higher solute concentrations and lower water concentrations; cells placed in these solutions undergo CRENATION
🗑
|
||||
Crenation | show 🗑
|
||||
show | those that grow in up to 30% salt
🗑
|
||||
show | those that do not require, but can tolerate high salt concentrations
🗑
|
||||
Barophiles | show 🗑
|
||||
show | Barophiles' membranes and enzymes depend on this pressure to maintain their 3-dimensional, functional shape
🗑
|
||||
Antagonistic relationships | show 🗑
|
||||
Synergistic relationships | show 🗑
|
||||
Symbiotic relationships | show 🗑
|
||||
show | complex relationships among numerous individual microorganisms
🗑
|
||||
Quorum Sensing | show 🗑
|
||||
show | microbes respond to density of nearby microbes
🗑
|
||||
Inoculum | show 🗑
|
||||
Medium | show 🗑
|
||||
show | the three types of specimens from which the inoculum comes
🗑
|
||||
show | act of cultivating microorganisms, or the microorganisms that are cultivated
🗑
|
||||
show | those compouds of cells arising from a single progenitor
🗑
|
||||
progenitor | show 🗑
|
||||
Aseptic technique | show 🗑
|
||||
show | Two common isolation techniques
🗑
|
||||
Streak Plates | show 🗑
|
||||
Pour Plates | show 🗑
|
||||
show | Defined Media, Complex Media, Selective Media, Differential Media, Selective and Differential Media, Anaerobic Media, Transport Media
🗑
|
||||
show | those in which the exact chemical composition is known
🗑
|
||||
show | those in which the exact composition is unknown, but contains a variety of nutrients and growth factors
🗑
|
||||
Selective Media | show 🗑
|
||||
show | eosin, methylene blue, bile salts, high NaCl
🗑
|
||||
Differential Media | show 🗑
|
||||
Selective and Differential Media | show 🗑
|
||||
Selective and Differential Media | show 🗑
|
||||
Anaerobic Media | show 🗑
|
||||
Transport Media | show 🗑
|
||||
Animal and Cell Culture, Low-Oxygen Culture, and Enrichment Culture | show 🗑
|
||||
show | used to grow very fastidious organisms or Obligate Intracellular Parasites (Viruses, Rickettsias, Chlamydias)
🗑
|
||||
show | use CO2 Incubators or Candle Jars to favor growth of Aerotolerant Anaerobes, Microaerophiles, and Capnophiles(microbes growing best at high CO2 and low O2 levels)
🗑
|
||||
show | used to enhance growth of microbes present in very small numbers; sometimes Cold-Enrichment
🗑
|
||||
show | sometimes used to enhance the growth of microbes present in very small numbers by using a refrigerator to enhance the growth of cold-tolerant species (Vibrio sp.)
🗑
|
||||
show | ways to preserve cultures
🗑
|
||||
refrigeration | show 🗑
|
||||
show | used for long-term storage; maintaining temperatures between -50 degrees celcius and -95 degrees celcius)
🗑
|
||||
Lyophilization | show 🗑
|
||||
show | most UNICELLULAR microorganisms reproduce by what method?
🗑
|
||||
show | reproduction process in which a cell replicated its DNA, grows to twice its normal size, then divides in half, forming two new cells; with each division, the number of cels doubles, increasing by multiples of two
🗑
|
||||
Logarithmic (Exponential) Growth | show 🗑
|
||||
Generation time | show 🗑
|
||||
Growth Curve | show 🗑
|
||||
Lag, Log, Stationary, Death | show 🗑
|
||||
show | list the 5 DIRECT METHODS of measuring microbial growth (In the order they were listed in our notes)
🗑
|
||||
show | direct method for measuring microbial growth where the number of microbes in a liquid sample is determined by trapping organisms on a fine membrane filter; transferring it to solid culture medium, allowing colonies to grow and counting them
🗑
|
||||
show | 3.0
🗑
|
||||
show | chemoheterotroph
🗑
|
||||
Which of the following is NOT a toxic form of oxygen? peroxide anions, hydroxide ion, superoxide radicals, singlet oxygen | show 🗑
|
||||
show | aerotolerant anaerobes
🗑
|
||||
Nitrogen is rarely a growth-limiting nutrient. T/F | show 🗑
|
||||
Nitrogen is essential for the production of amino acids and nucleotide bases. T/F | show 🗑
|
||||
show | True
🗑
|
||||
show | True
🗑
|
||||
Organic molecules that prokaryotic organisms need, but cannot synthesize by themselves, are called __________. | show 🗑
|
||||
show | barophile and psychrophile
🗑
|
||||
In the streak plate method of isolation colonies will be found growing at and below the surface of the medium. T/f | show 🗑
|
||||
Extension of the microbial growth phase is an advantage conferred on microbial cells by a biofilm? T/F | show 🗑
|
||||
Why is agar a useful substance in the microbiology lab? | show 🗑
|
||||
show | MacConkey agar
🗑
|
||||
A psychrophile might grow best in which of the following environments: the human body, a candle jar, a refrigerator, a thermal pool | show 🗑
|
||||
A candle jar would be most useful in isolating which of the following: fastidious microbes, biofilms, capnophiles, psychrophiles | show 🗑
|
||||
show | 5 hours
🗑
|
||||
show | they are synthesizing new enzymes in order to use nutrients in their medium
🗑
|
||||
Concerning the bacterial growth , when death phase is reached, all cells in the culture have died T/F | show 🗑
|
||||
show | False
🗑
|
||||
show | 25,000,000 In a typical Petroff-Hauser counting chamber, the factor by which the number of cells is multiplied is 1,250,000. (20 × 1,250,000 = 25,000,000)
🗑
|
||||
show | False
🗑
|
||||
Flow cytometry involves the counting of cells that have fluorescent dyes associated with them. T/F | show 🗑
|
||||
Direct methods of measuring microbial growth are more accurate than indirect methods. T/F | show 🗑
|
||||
Bacterial growth curves are plotted on graphs that have a logarithmic scale on both the x- and y-axes. T/F | show 🗑
|
||||
show | false 2n is the formula for cells dividing by binary fission, where n = the number of generations.
🗑
|
||||
Cells that divide by binary fission in different planes produce a chain formation of cells. T/F | show 🗑
|
||||
show | True Since it contains actual blood, blood agar supplies a variety of growth factors, making it a complex medium.
🗑
|
||||
Facultative halophiles do not require the presence of high salt concentrations in order to grow. T/F | show 🗑
|
||||
show | true
🗑
|
||||
show | True When an organism's proteins are denatured, it will die.
🗑
|
||||
Most bacterial cells divide using a process called binary fusion. T/F | show 🗑
|
||||
Refrigeration kills all bacterial cells except psychrophiles. T/F | show 🗑
|
||||
show | involves reduction of nitrogen gas to ammonia
🗑
|
||||
show | true Only a relatively small number of species of bacteria and archaea have been grown in the laboratory.
🗑
|
||||
show | obtain their electrons or hydrogen ions from an inorganic source
🗑
|
||||
show | False A reducing medium is used to grow obligate anaerobes, while an enrichment medium is most often used for growing fastidious bacteria that have very specific nutritional requirements.
🗑
|
||||
show | a process used by bacteria to detect population density and activate genes for new characteristics
🗑
|
||||
show | trypticase soy agar This medium distinguishes bacteria that can utilize a specific carbohydrate from those that cannot, usually by a pH change
🗑
|
||||
show | False The concentration is expressed in colony-forming units, or CFU, per milliliter.
🗑
|
||||
show | chemoheterotrophs
🗑
|
||||
A chemostat could be used to keep a bacterial culture in the log phase indefinitely. T/F | show 🗑
|
Review the information in the table. When you are ready to quiz yourself you can hide individual columns or the entire table. Then you can click on the empty cells to reveal the answer. Try to recall what will be displayed before clicking the empty cell.
To hide a column, click on the column name.
To hide the entire table, click on the "Hide All" button.
You may also shuffle the rows of the table by clicking on the "Shuffle" button.
Or sort by any of the columns using the down arrow next to any column heading.
If you know all the data on any row, you can temporarily remove it by tapping the trash can to the right of the row.
To hide a column, click on the column name.
To hide the entire table, click on the "Hide All" button.
You may also shuffle the rows of the table by clicking on the "Shuffle" button.
Or sort by any of the columns using the down arrow next to any column heading.
If you know all the data on any row, you can temporarily remove it by tapping the trash can to the right of the row.
Embed Code - If you would like this activity on your web page, copy the script below and paste it into your web page.
Normal Size Small Size show me how
Normal Size Small Size show me how
Created by:
hkrawietz
Popular Science sets