Si chap. 9
Quiz yourself by thinking what should be in
each of the black spaces below before clicking
on it to display the answer.
Help!
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| Cognition | the mental activities associated with thinking, knowing, remembering, and communicating
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| Concept | a mental grouping of similar objects, events, ideas, or people
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| Prototype | a mental image or best example of a category
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| Algorithm | a methodical, logical rule or procedure that guarantees solving a particular problem
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| Heuristic | a simple thinking strategy that often allows us to make judgments and solve problems efficiently
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| Insight | a sudden and often novel realization of the solution to a problem
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| Confirmation bias | a tendency to search for information that supports our preconceptions and to ignore or distort contradictory evidence
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| Fixation | the inability to see a problem from a new perspective
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| Mental set | a tendency to approach a problem in one particular way
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| Functional fixedness | the tendency to think of things only in terms of their usual functions
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| Representativeness heuristic | judging the likelihood of things in terms of how well they seem to represent particular prototypes
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| Availability heuristic | estimating the likelihood of events based on their availability in memory
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| Overconfidence | the tendency to be more confident than correct
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| Belief perseverance | clinging to one's initial conceptions after the basis on which they were formed has been discredited
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| Intuition | an effortless, immediate, automatic feeling or thought
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| Framing | the way an issue is posed
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| Language | our spoken, written, or signed words and the way we combine them to communicate meaning
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| Phoneme | the smallest distinctive sound unit
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| Morpheme | the smallest unit that carries meaning; may be a word of part of a word
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| Grammar | a system of rules that enables us to communicate with and understand others
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| Semantics | the set of rules by which we derive meaning from morphemes, words, and sentences in a given language
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| Syntax | the rules for combining words into grammatically sensible sentences in a given language
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| Babbling stage | beginning at about 4 months, the stage of speech development in which the infant spontaneously utters various sounds
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| One-word stage | the stage in speech development, from about age 1 to 2, during which a child speaks mostly in single words
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| Two-word stage | beginning about age 2, stage where a child speaks mostly two-word statements
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| Telegraphic speech | early speech stage in which a child speaks like a telegram using mostly nouns and verbs
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| Aphasia | impairment of language, usually caused by left hemisphere damage either to Broca's area or to Wernicke's area
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| Broca's area | controls language expression- directs the muscle movements involved in speech; in left frontal lobe
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| Wernicke's area | controls language reception- a brain area involved in language comprehension and expression; in left temporal lobe
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| Linguistic determination | Whorf's hypothesis that language determines the way we think
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Review the information in the table. When you are ready to quiz yourself you can hide individual columns or the entire table. Then you can click on the empty cells to reveal the answer. Try to recall what will be displayed before clicking the empty cell.
To hide a column, click on the column name.
To hide the entire table, click on the "Hide All" button.
You may also shuffle the rows of the table by clicking on the "Shuffle" button.
Or sort by any of the columns using the down arrow next to any column heading.
If you know all the data on any row, you can temporarily remove it by tapping the trash can to the right of the row.
To hide a column, click on the column name.
To hide the entire table, click on the "Hide All" button.
You may also shuffle the rows of the table by clicking on the "Shuffle" button.
Or sort by any of the columns using the down arrow next to any column heading.
If you know all the data on any row, you can temporarily remove it by tapping the trash can to the right of the row.
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Created by:
cfranci2
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