PBD Neurochemistry Test 2
Quiz yourself by thinking what should be in
each of the black spaces below before clicking
on it to display the answer.
Help!
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| Rate limiting step for synthesis of glutamate? | glutaminase
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| 2 routes of glutamine reuptake | 1. Metabolized by glutamine synthase in glia
2. Glutamine autoreceptor (Calcium dependent)
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| Glutamate receptor subtypes (4) | 1. Kainate
2. NMDA
3. AMPA
4. Metabotropic
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| What is long-term potentiation? | a long-lasting enhancement in signal transmission between two neurons that results from stimulating them synchronously?
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| What is excitotoxicity? | Characterized by:
Excessive glutamate release which leads to NMDA/kainate stimulation which increases intracellular Calcium.
This ultimately leads to cell swelling/death
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| What is epilepsy? | excess excitation and depolarization in foci
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| Blocking glutamate receptors can help treat what? | epilepsy
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| Why is the NMDA receptor different than the other glutamate receptors? | can increase intracellular Calcium ion levels
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| 1. Kainate (excitatory or inhibitory?) 2. Type of Receptor? 3. Molecular effects? (intracellular) | 1. Excitatory
2. Ionophore
3.Increase Na+
Decrease K+
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| 1. NMDA (excitatory or inhibitory?) 2. Type of Receptor? 3. Molecular effects? (intracellular) | 1. Excitatory
2. Ionophore
3. Increase Ca++ and Na+
Decrease K+
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| 1. AMPA (excitatory or inhibitory?) 2. Type of Receptor? 3. Molecular effects? (intracellular) | 1. Excitatory
2. Ionophore
3. Increase Na+
Decrease K+
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| 1. Metabotropic Glutamate Receptor (excitatory or inhibitory?) 2. Type of Receptor? 3. Molecular effects? (Intracellular) | 1. Excitatory or Inhibitory??????????
2. GPCR
3. Decrease cAMP
Increase IP3
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| Major pathway in the brain (Glutamate) | Cortex to striatum
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| How is glutamate synthesized? | Glutamine is synthesized to glutamate by glutaminase
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