Midterm: October 6, 2011
Quiz yourself by thinking what should be in
each of the black spaces below before clicking
on it to display the answer.
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| What are the three critical parts of the Exposure trilogy | ISO, aperture,shutter speed
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| what does shutter speed control in the visual quality of your photographs | motion
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| how would you use shutter speed to freeze a subject in motion | use a fast shutter speed
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| how did Harold Edgerton use shutter speed in his photographs | he used a fast shutter speed to stop motion
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| how would you use shutter speed to express motion in an image | use a slow shutter speed
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| what is the fastest shutter speed you can use and hand-hold the camera | 30th or 60th
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| approximately what shutter speed would you use to freeze a landing jet | 500th or faster
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| what kind of compression is a .jpg famous for | A Lossy
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| what is the purpose of .jpg | for printing, email, or use on a website
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| what is one advantage of saving files as a .psd, Photoshop file | it retains all your image editing information
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| what kind of raw file format should you convert all proprietary raw files to | DNG digital negative
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| what is panning | using a slow shutter speed, follow a subject with your camera as it moves in front of your lens. Press the shutter release while continuing to move. The image will express motion.
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| what does DNG stand for | a digital negative
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| Ansel Adams belonged to what group of photographers, known for the clarity of their images | f64 group
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| ISO refers to a film's (what) | sensitivity
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| a word used in film photography to refer to film's ISO | film speed
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| what's one important difference between using the ISO in film photography and digital photography | on film the ISO is set for the whole roll. In digital you can change the ISO with every shot
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| what is the difference in sensitivity between a low ISO and a high ISO number | the lower the number the more light needed. the higher less light is needed.
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| what is one important factors when choosing and ISO for your digital camera | the amount of light in the scene
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| what kind of ISO would you use in an environment with little light | a high ISO number
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| what is the difference in image quality between ISO 100 and ISO 6400 | 100 has more quality than 6400
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| what is a histogram | a graph that shows the brightness levels of all the pixels in an image
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| how many tones of B, W, and Gray are represented in an image's histogram | 256
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| give the range of tones represented on an 8 bit histogram | 0-155
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| if a histogram has a mountain peak in the middle of the graph, what would the image look like | mostly grays or middle tones. No black or whites
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| what is clipping | when the brightness or darkness levels on a histogram run or the graph
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| what is the difference, according to Imre, between a good and bad histogram | there isn't a good or bad histogram. The graph just shows us where to edit the image.
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| how many channels, or histograms, does a color image have | 3, a red one, green one, and a blue one
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| what is the purpose of establishing a workflow | to keep one organized through the photography process
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| what two aspects do you need to consider when choosing an ISO number | amount of light in the scene and the quality you expect to achieve
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| what instrument in the camera does the ISO setting control | the light meeter
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| how do you decided whether to begin with your aperture or shutter speed | if the subject is in motion, the shutter speed. If it isn't, then begin with aperture
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| what is shutter speed priority | the photography picks the shutter speed and the camera picks the aperture
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| what does the light meter specifically measure | the average light intensity and tonal range in the scene
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| what is bracketing | shooting at the recommended meter reading, then over exposing a stop and underexposing a stop
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| what 3 factors affect depth of field | focal length of the lens, distance to subject, and aperture setting
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| what illusion creates the impression of depth | perspective
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| what is the keyboard shortcut for undo | command z
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| what easy Photoshop image adjustment will allow you to adjust the shadows, mid tones, or highlights in your image | levels
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| which Photoshop image adjustment allows you to independently, and with great precision, adjust the tones, contrast and colors of your image | curves
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| what is the keyboard shortcut for select all | command A
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| in the rule of thirds, where are the most powerful places to compose a subject | at the places where the lines intersect
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| how can you create an image that embodies a larger than life feeling of superiority | shoot from below the subject
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| what three basic photography elements or principles does photography Taylor Gahm recommend you get really good at to become a successful photography | camera settings, lighting and composition
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| the Magic wand and the Lasso are what kind of tools | selection tools
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| what is the benefit of being able to select an area of your photograph | you can edit specific parts of your photography
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| what is one of Photoshop's most powerful functions | the ability to create layers and make selections
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| what kind of compositional shape does Imre recommend in your compositions | triangles
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| What is the keyboard shortcut to create a quick collection in light room | B
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| what is the keyboard shortcut to deselect | Command D
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| what keyboard shortcut will open your light room image in Photoshop | Command E
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| what is the spot called where the focus is the sharpest | point of critical focus
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| how much light reflects off a gray card | 18%
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| what kind of editing does Adobe Light room perform | non-destructive
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| what is metadata | information attached to a file, like a photographer's name, date and image was created, and camera settings
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| what is meant by the term "Proprietary RAW file" | this is a type of RAW file specific to a manufacturer's camera
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| what does the histogram for a high key photo look like | most of its peaks are on the right of the histogram
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| what does an underexposed image look like | it looks dark and murky
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| what does DSLR stand for | Digital Single Lens Reflex
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| what does J-peg stand for | Joint Photography Experts Group
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| what is a CCD | it is the light sensitive chip in a digital camera
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| What is shutter lag | the amount of time it takes the shutter to fire after you push the shutter release
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| what problem might occur with a lens's auto focus | it might not realize what you want it to focus on.
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| what is the difference in the amount of light from f4 and f 5.6 | f4 lets in twice as much light as f5.6
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| What are the three points of a 3 step critique | Positive, question, and suggestion
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| what is the correct distance for viewing a photograph | the distance equal to the largest diagonal
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| what subjective comment should one never use in a critique | I like or I don't like
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| what is the first thing one should do in the critique process | look at the artwork and ask, "what do I see"
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| what is the Golden Mean or Fibonacci Sequence | a spiral shaped visual map for composing an image
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| where in Photoshop, will you find levels and curves | under image > adjustments
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| which color profile has a larger gamut, sRGB or Adobe RGB 1998 | Adobe RGB 1998
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| what is the prominent color of light in daylight | blue
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| what is white balance | setting the camera to compensate for a scene's predominant color of light
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| what is compositional lead space | composing an image so the subject has room in the direction they are looking or traveling
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| what is the compositional area of the image that is most dangerous | the center
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| a digital photography's image is comprised of what | pixels
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| what is the first step to becoming a better photography | wanting to learn
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| what is one method for improving as a photographer | find a teacher, practice shooting, look at lots of photos, critique work and have others look at your work
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| what makes a photograph great | it stops time, it communicates, it makes the viewer feel something
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| how you arrange the elements in the frame is called the | composition
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| a photography who sees subjects in terms of lights, shadows, and forms is most likely what kind of photographer | black and white
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| what tools are best in the Photoshop for quick and easy "exotic image manipulations" | filters
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| for major retouching alterations, what step is advised for your Photoshop image | save as a copy of your original file and work on the copy
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| what kind of image does sharpening work poorly on | one that is out of focus
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| what is a Photoshop image called that is combined from several sources | composite image
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| what is the main way to make a Photoshop photo-composited image look more believable | lighting
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| where in the Photoshop interface does the book suggest you keep each individual element of a multi-sourced image | on a separate layer
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| name one of two adjustment layers you should add first to your .psd file | layers or curves
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| in LR, which view do you use to examine a single photo | Loupe view
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| which view in LR do you use to assess 2 images, side-by-side | compare view
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| in LR, what is the survey view used for | to compare more than two images
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| what do the sort direction and the sort criteria menu tools in the toolbar do | arrange the viewing order of images in the film strip and grid view
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| one effect way of storing images out of view, within a folder or collection is | stacking
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| what does it mean to "filter" a LR file | to sort images based on criteria like its metadata or rating system
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| what convenience keyboard shortcut will cycle you through the different grid view styles | J
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| what visual aspect of photography affects the feeling or mood of your photographs | lighting
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| how does the quality of direct or hard light affect the contrast | It creates High Contrast
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| If you are making a photo and the shadows on your subject are too dark, what can you do? | Use a fill light or bounce card to bring and send light into the shadows
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| How does diffused light affect color? | it mutes the colors, creates low contrast
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| What does a fill light do? | illuminates the shadows
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| what is a main light? | it is the brightest light source in your photographic set-up
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| What is the benefit of an incandescent lamp? | it stays on continuously so you can see how the light falls on your subject
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| Why do you have to synchronize your strobe with your shutter speed? | So the strobe fires when your shutter is open
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| What is the basic idea behind the Inverse Square Law? | The farther your light source from the subject, the less intensity the light
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| When using a flash, how does shutter speed affect the exposure? | It has no affect unless the shutter speed is faster than they synchronization speed
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| What is the basic element of a digital image? | A pixel
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| As a unit of measure, what is a Bit? | the smallest unit of digital information
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| What is the CMYK mode used for | printing with inks
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| How does the camera relate to human vision in the number of colors it can see? | "All digital capture devices are limited when compared to human vision"
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| The color gamut for a camera or a printer is also called what? | color space
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| What is a color profile used for? | To make sure color reproduces accurately on different printers or other digital devices
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| What are Channels in digital photography? | separate information files for each color in a photograph, such as 3 channels for RGB
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| What is they Bayer Array? | A series of RGB color filters that cover a camera's CCD
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| What is the advantage to editing a 16 bit image? | There are 65,536 values in a 16 bit image, so it is much better quality for editing and reproduction
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| How many values of black and white does an 8 bit image have? | 256
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| In the develop module, what can you use the history panel for? | To view a prior stage of editing
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| What two views can you use the Loup View for? | before and after viewing
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| Clone and heal are what kind of tools? | spot removal tools
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| What is the best way to evaluate the results of a heal operation- and many other image modifications? | view image at 100%
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| Where in the develop module can you see the affects, with great accuracy, any changes you make in exposure and white balance? | in the histogram
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| What tool can you use to calibrate the color of an image using a neutral gray tone? | White Balance or temperature slider
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| What does "noise" refer to in a digital image? | randomly exposed pixels due to a sensor's high sensitivity
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| What is "hue"? | The name of a particular color
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| How can you apply the same color correction to several images in your filmstrip? | Select images and synchronize
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| In all modules you can create an impromptu slide show? How do you do it? | Window> impromptu slide show
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| What is one advantage that digital photography offers over film photography? | You can see immediate results. You can edit photos quickly and easily. Files are easy to send.
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| What is the difference between a digital zoom and optical zoom? | An optical zoom uses the camera's lens elements, using the entire CCD's quality. Digital Zoom lowers the quality of the image because it crops in on the CCD, discarding information
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| What is aperture priority? | The photographer sets the aperture and the camera picks the shutter speed
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| what does the aperture mechanically do in the camera? | It opens and closes to regulate how much light comes in the camera
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| What is depth of field? | The area of acceptable focus in an image
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| How does a small aperture number setting, like 2.8, affect the depth of field? | It creates a very narrow depth of field
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| Where are digital files stored in your camera? | on your memory card
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| What does reformatting do? | Erases the directory on your memory card. Any files on the card are still there, but you can't see them.
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| What is the first setting you should address on your camera? | quality
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| Why shouldn't you shoot your images in the jpg. format? | The camera compresses the image, discarding a lot of information and image quality you might want to retain for editing
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| What are the numerical aperture increments called? | f-stops
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| What is the relative size of the f-32 aperture opening? | small
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| What is the difference in the quantity of light from one aperture setting to another? | It is a factor of 2. it is either twice as much light or half as much light
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| What aperture setting is good for portraits? | 5.6 or 8
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| How do you know which aperture setting to choose? | It depends on how much you want in focus.
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| Where does the eye naturally go when looking at a photograph? | To what is the sharpest in the image
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| Where should a photographer focus when shooting a portrait? | the eyes of the subject
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| give one benefit of shooting in the RAW format. | RAW files contain the highest degree of quality your camera can produce. RAW files are the best format for editing.
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| Why shouldn't you use large capacity memory cards? | If they become corrupt, stop working, or you loose them you will loose a lot of information at one time
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| What is a color profile? | it is the number of colors, your camera is set to capture
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| What is a color gamut? | A specified range of colors
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| Chris Orwig says that "at its core Lightroom" helps photographers in what way? | its about creating compelling photographs, its about photography. It is about the art and craft of photography. It is a tool designed to help photographers more effect, more efficient and ultimately more creative
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| What is one way Lightroom help professional photographers? | To organize, process, and output photographs
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| Lightroom is comprised of components called: | Modules
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| Where, in Lightroom, does all the organizing of your photographic files take place? | Library module
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| Where are your images developed and edited? Where does the art and craft of photography to bring your images to life? | Develop Module
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| Where can you put your images together to create a movie? | Slideshow Module
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| Where can a photographer create an image gallery and upload it on the internet? | web module
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| Where is the film strip in the Lightroom interface? | at the bottom of the interface
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| How do you open and close a panel in the Lightroom interface? | click on its name or the little triangle
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| When you are in Lightroom and you push the keyboard shortcut "d", where will it take you? | Develop module
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| What are the three primary colors of filters covering the sites on the image sensor? | RGB red, green, and blue
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| Light enters the DSLR lens and falls on the CMOS sensor (CCD) and is converted to what? | energy
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| What kind of environment is required to create a sensor for the DSLR? | Dust free and clean
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| In what way does the shutter control light as it enters the camera? | it controls HOW LONG light enters the camera
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| Early cameras, the size of rooms, where used by artists and called what? | Camera obscuras
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| When you see a shutter speed number represented with quotation marks, what does it mean? | whole seconds
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| What does the shutter speed B stand for? | Bulb
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| How does the bulb shutter speed function on a camera? | It allows the photographer to hold the shutter open as long as they want
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| What is the difference in the amount of light that comes through the shutter from one "stop" to the next. Like, from 1/125th to 1/250th of a second? | It is a factor of 2. 1/125th lets in half as much light as 1/250th
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