vocab
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| define cell division | process by which a cell divides into two new daughter cells.
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| define mitosis | part of eukaryotic cell division during which the cell nucleus divides.
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| define cytokinesis | divison of the cytoplasm to form two seperate daughter cells.
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| define chromatid | one of two identical sister parts of a duplicated chromosome.
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| centromere | region of a chromosome wherethe two sister chromatids attach.
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| interphase | period of the cell cycle between cell divisions.
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| cell cycle | series of events in which a cell grows prepares for division and divides to form two daughter cells.
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| prophase | first and longest phase of mitosis in which the genetic material inside the nucleus condenses and the chromosomes become visible.
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| centriole | structure in an animal cell that helps to organize cell division
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| chromatin | substances found in eukaryotic chromosomes that consists of DNA tightly coiled around histones.
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| metaphase | phase of mitosis in which the chromosomes line up acros the center of the cell.
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| anaphase | phase of mitosis in which the chromosomes seperate and move to opposite ends of the cell.
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| telophase | phase of mitosis in which the distinct individual chromosomes begin to spread out into a tangle of chromatin.
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| chromosome | threadlike structures
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| growth factor | one of a group of external regulatory proteins that stimulate the growth and division of cells.
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| cyclin | one of a family of proteins that regulates the cell cycle in eukaryotic cells.
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| apoptosis | process of programmed cell death.
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| cancer | disorder in which some of the body's cell lose the ability to control growth.
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| tumor | mass of rapidly dividing cells that can damage surrounding heathly tissue.
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| embryo | developing stage of a multicellular organism.
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| differentiation | process in which cells become specilized in structure and function.
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| totipotent | cells that are able to develope into any type of cell found in the body
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| blastocyst | stage of early development in mammals that consist of hollow ball of cells.
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| pluripotent | cells that are capable of developing into most, but not all, of the body's cell type.
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| stem cell | unspecialized cell that can give rise to one or more types of specialized cells.
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| multipotent | cell with limited potential to develope into many types of differentiated cells.
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