AP Government vocabulary
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| Attentive public | Those citizens who follow public affairs carefully.
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| Australian ballot | A secret ballot printed by the state.
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| Blanket primary | Primary election open to all voters, who may vote for a candidate from any party for each office.
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| Caucus | A meeting of local party members to choose party officials for public office and to decide the platform.
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| Coattail effect | The boost that candidates may get in an election because of the popularity of candidates above them on the ballot, especially the president.
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| Direct primary | Election in which voters choose party nominees.
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| Hard money | Political contributions given to a party, candidate, or interest group that are limited in amount and fully disclosed. RAising such limited funs is harder than raising unlimited funds, hence the term "hard" money.
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| Gender gap | The difference between the political opinions of political behavior of men and of women.
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| Incumbent | The current holder of an elected office.
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| Ideology | A consistent pattern of beliefs about political values and the role of government.
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| Issue advocacy | Promoting a particular position or and issue paid for by interest groups or individuals but not candidates. Much issue advocacy is often electioneering for or against a candidate and until 2004 had not been subject to any regulation.
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| Open primary | Primary election in which any voter, regardless of party, may vote.
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| Party identification | An informal and subjective affiliation with a political party that most people acquire in childhood.
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| Political culture | The widely shared beliefs, values, and norms concerning the relationship of citizens to government and to one another.
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| Plurality | Candidate or party with the most votes cast in an election, not necessarily more than half.
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| Political socialization | The process, most notably in families and schools, by which we develop out political attitudes, values, and beliefs.
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| Realigning election | An election during periods of expanded suffrage and change in the economy and society that proves to be a turning point, redefining the agenda of politics and the alignment of voter within parties.
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| Soft money | Money raised in unlimited amounts by political parties for party-building purposes. Now largely illegal except for limited contributions to stated and local parties for voter registration and get-out-the-vote efforts.
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| Single member district system | An electoral district in which voters choose one representative or official.
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| Safe seat | An elected office that is predictably won by one party or the other, so the success of that party's candidate is almost taken for granted.
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| Split ticket voting | A vote for some of one party's candidates and some of another party's.
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| Straight ticket voting | A vote for all of one party's candidates.
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| Suffrage | The right to vote.
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