Caries DH
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| What is a cavity | bacterial infection which causes the dissolution of the tooth mineral content and the disintegration or collapse of the organic matrix
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| What is the prevanlent of the disease | 91% of adults experience caries in their lifetime
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| how isthis disease transmissible | human to human by saliva*
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| How is the caries process started | it starts with bioflim
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| Where does biofilm develope | where ever there is #1.fluid, #2.a surface,#3. Bacteria
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| What is biofilm | Microbial communities consisting of hundreds of distinct microorganisms that cooperate with each other to adapt to change in pH or mechanical stress of motion
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| What increases the survival rate of the moroorganism because of the EPS(extracellular polysaccarides) | Biofilm
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| T/F Dental caries is a multifactorial disease process with the oral microbial component being a biofilm | True
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| What happens to oral biofilm at 96 hours/4 days | it can measure to be 1mm thick*
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| What are the plaque formation stages | 1. Initial adherence (acquired pellicle) 2. lag phase (Slow bacterial colonization) 3. Rapid Growth 4. Steady state (Mature dental biofilm)
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| What is invovled in the Intial adherence stage | -Supragingival plaque formation precedes subgingival biofilm formation -Saliva bathes the teeth while salivary proteins and mucins cover the tooth and began "A.P." -At 1 hour bacteria attach to "A.P." -Primary colonizers=Gram+cocci
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| What is involved in the lag phase | -Colony of gram+cocci begin to form a community of bacteria -send signals to each other to begen creating water insoluble EPS to create a protective matrix for bioflim
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| What is involved in the rapid Growth phase | -additional bacteria enter the bacterial community forming micro-colonies within the protective matrix -COAGGREGATION=different bacterial species in the matrix and adhere to early colonizer
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| what is involved in the steady state | every species who will live in the biofilm community are present -early colonizers(gram+)slow their growth or become static(retard)
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| Where is the location of the BIOfilm | Teeth represent 25% of the total surface area of the mouth* -oral mucosa specialized mucosa(tongue)75% surface area in the mouth
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| T/F soft tissue acts as reservoir for hard tissue leading to more rapid biofilm formation | True
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| Why is daily mechanical disruption so important | B/C mature dental biofilm is very pathogenic
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| How pathogenic is the biofilm | Disease state for caries more cariogenic bacteria account for 96% of biofilm and pH shift to acidic(below5.5)
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| How does Biofilm switch from healthy to carious biofilm | pH
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| plaque(biofilm)stages | Immature plaque Mature plaque
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| How much force does it take to mechanically remove a 24 hours biofilm | Day1=5.5gm/cm 2 day=7.8gm/cm 3 day=14.0gm/cm
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| Which tooth surfaces develop the most plaque | #1 interproximal surfaces #2 PiTs/occlusal surfaces #3 cervical 1/3 of the tooth
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| what are the cariogenic bacteria that are associated with coronal caries development | Mutans streptococcus lactobacillus
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| What are the characteristics of all cariogenic bacteris | #1 Acidogenic #2 Aciduric #3 capable of forming extra cellular polysaccharides(glucans/fructans) #4 caprophillic anf facultative anaerobes #5ability to adhere to the tooth surface
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| what is the Hydrogen Ion Pump: | allows the cariogenic bacteria to live in a biofilm with an acidic pH -the hydrogen ions pumpedout into the biofilm mass and up up the pH of the biofilm even more
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| How does the bacteria adhere to the tooth | #1 surface appendages(fimbria) #2 calcium bridging #3 Extra cellular polysaccharides(glucans) #4 hydrophilic interactions
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| Caries process | 1.host 2. environment 3. bacteria 4.time
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| the caries Imbalance | #1 protective factors #2 pathological factors #3 Disease indicators
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| What are ESP | Complex Sugars
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| cariogenic bacteria + CHO | = ACID+extra-cellular polysacccharide
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| name the types of acids(cariogenic Bateria produce) | lactic acid acetic propionic formic succinic
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| What does plaque acids do | -causes demineralization -demineralization creates a subsurface lesion -Demineralization causes the enamel crystals size to lower and up the inter crystalline space( increase micropores)
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| T/F when thw plaque biofilm favors the demineralization process cavities occur | true
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| T/F when the plaque biofilm favors the rem. process incipient lesions'heal' or decay becomes arrested or dont occur at all | true
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| Dentist estimate | -6 mos to 1 year primary enamel -1-2 years permanent enamel
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| studies demonstrate | 4yrs for children age 10-11 7yrs for young adults aged 17-22 6yrs for adults ages 41-51
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| the darker the lesion | the slower the progressing lesion and the more remin/demin cycles
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| the lighter the lesion | the more rapid progressing lesion and the fewer remin/demin
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SYWallace0314
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