DNA & Genetic Vocab
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| cells | the basic building blocks of living organisms
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| nucleus | the control center of the cell; it contains your DNA
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| DNA | deoxyribonucleic acid; it consists of strands of molecules that code and store genetic information. It is located in the nucleus of the cell. It's like a blueprint for your body.
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| Watson & Crick | scientists who discovered the structure of the DNA molecule
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| double helix | the shape of a DNA molecule; it looks like a twisted ladder
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| heredity | the passing of traits from parents to offspring
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| genetics | the science of heredity
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| gene | the section of DNA that codes for one specific trait
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| trait | characteristics such as leaf shape or eye color that are passed from parent to offspring
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| dominant trait | a genetic trait that expresses itself more strongly than another trait
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| recessive trait | a genetic trait that is hidden by a dominant trait
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| ethics | the process of thinking & discussing by which we decide on issues of right (good) or wrong (bad) as applied to people and their actions. Science & technology determine what we CAN do. Ethics helps us decide what we SHOULD do.
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| phenotype | The external appearance of an organism. What it looks like.
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| genotype | The genetic makeup of an organism
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| Gregor Mendel | Austrian monk known as the father of genetics
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| Punnett square | A chart that shows all of the possible combinations of alleles that can result from a genetic cross.
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| allele | One version of a gene (Such as the dominant allele or the recessive allele.)
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| inherited | To receive a trait from your parents.
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| characteristic | A quality or feature that is typical of or serves to distinguish an organism or group from others.
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| species | A group of similar organisms that can reproduce together and produce fertile offspring.
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| offspring | The young of a person, animal, or plant.
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| generation | A group of individuals born at about the same time.
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| sexual reproduction | A form of reproduction that requires two parents and results in offspring who are genetically different from their parents.
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| asexual reproduction | A form of reproduction that requires only one parent and results in offspring who are genetically identical to that parent.
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| clone | an organism that is genetically identical to the organism from which it was produced
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| fertilization | the uniting of a sperm cell with an egg cell to form a cell that will develop into a new individual
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| mutation | a change in a gene or chromosome
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| homozygous | an organism with 2 identical alleles for a trait
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| heterozygous | an organism with two different alleles for a trait
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| hybrid | an organism with a dominant allele and a recessive allele for a trait
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Created by:
Triana Silliman
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