Reproductive System
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| functions of the testes | sperm production; testosterone production
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| stores sperm cells until they mature | epididymis
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| transports sperm; makes up the spermatic cord | vas deferens
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| secretes slightly alkaline fluid which comprises 60% of semen volume | seminal vesicle
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| short tube beginning at seminal vesicle and ending in the prostate gland; transports sperm and seminal fluid to the urethra | ejaculatory duct
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| secretes thin milky alkaline fluid which promotes sperm motility | prostate gland
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| 2 structures located below the prostate gland that lubricate the end of penis for intercourse | cowpers glands
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| sperm ned to develop in a region that is how much lower than body temperature | 2-3 degrees
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| pair of dorsally located cylinders of erectile tissue | corpora cavernosa
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| single cylinder of erectile tissue, surrounds the urethra and forms the glans penis | corpora sponiosum
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| release progesterone and estrogen | ovaries
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| pair of ducts opening at one end into the fundus, the other into the peritoneal cavity | fallopian tubes
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| fingerlike progections attached to the lateral end of the ovary | fimbrae
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| funnel shaped region of the fallopian tubes near the ovary | infundibulum
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| move the egg cell to the uterus | cilia
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| large midsection of uterus | body
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| upper rounded portion of of body superior to the fallopian tubes | fundus
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| smaller narrow end of uterus extending into the upper portion of the vagina | cervix
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| three layer of uterine wall | endometrium, myometrium, perimetrium
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| protects inner structures, contains sensory nerve endings, sebaceous and sudoriferous glands of the female reproductive system | labia majora
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| function of this organ is sexual arousal (female) | clitoris
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| lubricates vagina for sexual intercourse | bartholin's glands
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| specialized glands that secrete milk following pregnancy | mammary
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| hormone that causes milk production | prolactin
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| hormone that allows milk to be released | oxytocin
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| endometrial tissue in various places in the pelvic cavity | endometriosis
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| signs and symptoms of endometriousis include | pain, menstrual irregularities, and bleeding associated with menstrual cycle
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| treatment fo endometriosis | contraceptives, pregnancy, surgery, ovulation suppression
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| this medication should not be used for pain associated with endometriosis | aspirin
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| fistula connecting urethra to vagina | urethrovaginal
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| fistula connecting bladder to vagina | vesicovaginal
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| fistula connecting rectum to vagina | rectovaginal
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| signs and symptoms of fistula | urine, feces or flatus from vagina
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| cystocele, rectocele, prolapse, urethrocele, and enterocele are all caused by | relaxed pelvic floor muscles
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| firm rubber doughnut shaped device that is inserted into the upper vagina to reposition and give support to the uterus | pessary
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| three types of uterine displacement | anteflexion, retroversion, retroflexion
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| white or clear discharge from the vagina | leukorrhea
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| absence of mensruation | amenorrhea
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| painful menstruation | dysmenorrhea
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| removal of a fallopian tube | salpingectomy
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| functions of estrogen | growth and development of female sex organs, maintainance of secondary sex characteristics
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| metabolic effects of estrogen | lowers choleterol, aids in protein synthesis, and causes retention of sodium and water
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| contraindications of estrogen | thromboembolism, vaginal bleeding, liver dysfunction, pregnancy, lactation, breast cancer (estrogen dependent)
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| indications for methroxyprogesterone | decrease endometrial hyperplasia, treatment of amenorrhea and abnormal uterine bleedidng
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| contraindications to medroxyprogesterone | pregnancy, thromboembolism, CV disease, liver disease, cancer
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| side effects of medroxyprogesterone | weight gain, edema, bone loss
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| indications for megestrol | endometrial or brease carcinoma; treatment of anorexia, weight loss, and cachexia associated with AIDS
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| contraindications of megestrol | pregnancy, lactation, vaginal bleeding, liver disease
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| women with diabetes are more prone to this | vaginitis
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| types of vaginitis | bacterial, fungal, estrogen loss with age
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| bacterial vaginitis s/s | milky discharge with odor
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| T. vaginalis vaginitis s/s | profuse, foamy discharge
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| C. albicans vaginitis s/s | thick cheese-like discharge
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| inflammation or infection of the cervix | cervicitis
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| s/s of cervicitis | leukorrhea, dyspareuneia, back pain
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| any acute, subacute, recurrent, or chronic infection of the cervix, ovaries, fallopian tubes or uterus that has extended to the connective tissues lying between the broad ligaments | PID
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| s/s of PID | malodorous, purulent discharge, backache, pelvic/abdominal pain, fever, chills, malaise, nausea, vomiting
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| PID treatment | antibiotics, palliative measures
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| causes TSS | staphylococcus aureus
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| s/s of TSS | high fever, chills, myalgia, red, macular palmar rash
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| to avoid TSS, it is recommended that tampons be changed how often? | every 4 hours
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| contraindications to antifungal agents | liver failure, kidney failure
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| all women should do a BSE how often | every month
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| BSE should be timed for how long after menses | 3-8 days
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| annual mammograms should begin at what age? | 40
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| inflammation of breast tissue | mastitis
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| most common benign breast lesion | fibrycystic breast (cystic mastitis or mammary dysplasia)
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| solid benign mass of connective tissue and glandular tissue | fibroadenoma
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| s/s of fibroadenoma | painless, nontender, encapsulated mobile lump
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| acute mastitis is usually caused by | staph or strep
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| acute mastits most often occurs during | lactation
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| treatment of acute mastitis | warm packs, good bra, antibiotics
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| condition in which the prepuce is to small to allow retraction of the foreskin over the glans | phimosis
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| accumulation of fluid between the membranes covering the testicle and the membrane enclosing the testicle | hydrocele
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| dilated veins within the scrotum | varicocele
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| twisting of the spermatic cord resulting in a kinking of the artery, compromising blood flow to the testicle | testicular torsion
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| key sign of testicular torsion | pain on elevation
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| men should perform a TSE monthly beginning at what age | 15
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| the inability of an adult man to achieve penile erection | impotence
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| a common sign of excessive androgen use | fluid retention
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| acute or chronic infection of the prostate gland | prostatitis
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| in prostatitis, the pH of prostate fluid is generally | elevated
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| inflammation of the epididymis | epididymitis
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| s/s of epididymitis | pain, scrotal edema/tenderness, pyuria, "duck walk"
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| infections that are usually transmitted during intimate sexual contact | STI's
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| s/s of this STI include vesicular lesions of the genitals or anus that heal spontaneous after 7 to 10 days | herpes
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| 3 medications used in the treatment of herpes | acyclovir, valacyclovir, famciclyvir (zovirax, valtrex, famvir)
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| s/s of primary syphilis | chancre
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| s/s of secondary syphilis | rashes on body
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| s/s of latent syphilis | dementia, leg pain
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| preferred medical management of syphilis | penicillin
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| preferred medical management of gonorrhea | ceftriaxone (rocephin), cefixime (suprax)
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| preferred medical management of trichmoniasis | metronidazole (flagyl)
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| what should a patient avoid while taking flagyl? | alcohol
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| cure for HPV | there isn't one
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| mild fungal infection caused by candida albicans or candida tropicalis | candidiasis
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| treatment for candidiasis | nystatin (mycostatin)
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| medications for chlamydia | tetracycline, doxycycline, azithromycin, erythromycin
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| drug of choice for treatment of chlamydia during pregnancy | erythromycin
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| a person with gonorrhea most likely also has | chlamydia
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| thia medication can turn the urine dark brown or aroange | flagyl
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| failure rate of depo | 3%
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| depo is not recommended to be used for more than | 2 years
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| leading contraceptive method used in the US | oral contraceptives
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| these oral contraceptives contain only progesterone | mini-pills
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| how long should contraceptive patches be used for | 1 week each for three weeks, then 1 week without a patch
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| how long is nuva-ring left in place | 3 weeks, then removed for 1 week
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| emergency contraceptives are most effective if used within how many hours? | 72
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| emergency contraceptives CAN be used up to how many hours after sex? | 120
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| how long should a sponge remain in place after sex? | 6 hours
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| how long can a cervical cap remain in place? | 48 hours
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| how often should a cervical cap be replaced | every 2 years
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