Adult health questions ch 39
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| What are the functions of the skin? | Protection, secretion, excretion, temperature regulation, and sensation
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| What layer of skin shields underlying tissue? | Epidermis
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| What layer of skin contains bundles of collagen, nerve fibers, blood vessels, sweat glands, sebaceous glands, and hair follicles? | Dermis
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| What layer contains blood vessels, nerves, lymph, and loose connective tissue filled with fat cells? | Subcutaneous
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| What lines the oral cavity? | Mucous membrane
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| What color is oral mucosa? | light pink and moist
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| What impairs salivary secretion? | Medications, exposure to radiation, and mouth breathing
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| What indicates general health status of hair? | Growth, pattern, and distribution
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| What types of illnesses or changes affect the hair? | hormonal changes, physical stress, emotional stress, aging, infection, and other illnesses.
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| Hygiene care is routine. True or false? | False
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| What do you assess during hygiene? | Physical limitations, health promotion practices and needs, and emotional needs.
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| What are some common skin problems? | Dry skin, acne, skin rashes, contact dermatitis, and abrasion
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| What is dry skin and how do you prevent or care for it? | Flaky, rough texture on exposed areas; bathe less frequently, & rinse body of all soap(can cause irritation & breakdown), add moisture to air, use cream to aid healing.
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| What is acne and how do you prevent or care for it? | Inflammatory, papulopustular skin eruption, usually involving bacterial breakdown of sebum; wash hair and skin thoroughly daily, use cosmetics sparingly(accumulate in pores), implement diet, & use topical antibiotics
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| What are skin rashes and how do you prevent or care for them? | skin eruptions that result from overexposure to sun or moisture or from allergic reaction; wash area thoroughly, and apply antiseptic spray or lotion to prevent itching and aid in healing. warm or cold soaks to relieve inflammation
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| What is contact dermatitis and how do you prevent it? | inflammation of skin; avoid causative agents.
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| What are abrasions and how do you prevent or care for them? | scraping/rubbing away of epidermis that will result in localized bleeding & later weeping of serous fluid; be careful not to scratch client with jewelry or fngernails, wash abrasions with mild soap & water, & observe dressing/bandage for retained moisture
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| What are risk factors for skin impairment? | Immobilization, reduced sensation, nutrition and hydration alterations, secretions and excretions on the skin, vascular insufficiency, and external devices.
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| What are some common foot and nail problems? | callus, corns, plantar warts, athlete's foot, ingrown nails, and foot odors.
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| What are some hair and scalp problems? | Dandruff, ticks, pediculosis (lice), Pediculosis capitis (head lice), pediculosis corporis (body lice), pediculosis pubis (crab lice), hair loss(alopecia).
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| What are the two sweat glands that become fully functional during puberty? | Eccrine and apocrine
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| What elements that build toward making appropriate nursing diagnoses do you consider during assessment? | Knowledge, experience, standards, and attitudes.
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| What are risk factors for oral problems? | clients unable to use upper extremities(paralysis, weakness, restriction), dehydration, nasogastric or oxygen tubes, chemo drugs, lozenges, radiation therapy, oral surgery, immunosuppression, diabetes, & mechanical ventilation
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| What are risk factors for skin problems? | immobilization, reduced sensation, limited protein or caloric intake and reduced hydration, excessive secretions or excretions on the skin, presence of external devices, & vascular insufficiency
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| What are risk factors for foot problems? | client unable to bend over or has reduced visual acuity
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| What are risk factors for eye care problems? | Reduced dexterity and hand coordination.
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