Nursing of the adult with Tuberculosis
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| Define tuberculosis. | Communicable lung disease caused by an infection by Mycobacterium tuberculosis.
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| Describe transmission and progression of a tuberculosis infection. | Transmission is airborne; after initial exposure bacteria encapsulate (Gohn lesions) and remain dormnant until a later time when symptoms appear.
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| What might the nurse expect to find on assessment of a client with TB? | often asymptomatic; fever/night sweats, anorexia, weight loss, malaise, fatigue, cough, hemoptysis, dsypnea, pleuritic pain with inspiration
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| What labs and diagnostic tests are used to diagnose TB? | cavitation or calcification as evidenced on chest radiograph, sputum culture
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| Describe a positive test result for a TB skin test | an induration of 10mm or greater 48 hours after the skin test
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| What vaccine would cause a person to have a positive TB test? | bacillus Calmette-Guerin (say: Cal met gay ran)
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| What is the next step if a person has a positive TB skin test result? | Evaluation by chest radiograph
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| Give 3 applicable nursing diagnoses for the patient with TB. | knowledge deficit, risk for infection, imbalanced nutrition less than…
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| What nursing interventions address the risks of spreading TB? | Respiratory isolation for hospitalized client; teach to cough into tissues with immediate disposal into appropriate container, proper handwashing, medication compliance; referral to local health department for testing/prophylactic treatment
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| What is the nurse’s responsibility regarding medication and the client with TB? | Administer medication as prescribed; teach importance of strict compliance with long term (9-12 mo.s) of medication to prevent public health hazard
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| What does the TB patient need to know about conditions to report? | any deterioration in condition, especially hemorrhage
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| When is it safe for the TB client to return to work? | After 3 negative sputum cultures
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Perseverandovercome
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