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TL TB

Nursing of the adult with Tuberculosis

QuestionAnswer
Define tuberculosis. Communicable lung disease caused by an infection by Mycobacterium tuberculosis.
Describe transmission and progression of a tuberculosis infection. Transmission is airborne; after initial exposure bacteria encapsulate (Gohn lesions) and remain dormnant until a later time when symptoms appear.
What might the nurse expect to find on assessment of a client with TB? often asymptomatic; fever/night sweats, anorexia, weight loss, malaise, fatigue, cough, hemoptysis, dsypnea, pleuritic pain with inspiration
What labs and diagnostic tests are used to diagnose TB? cavitation or calcification as evidenced on chest radiograph, sputum culture
Describe a positive test result for a TB skin test an induration of 10mm or greater 48 hours after the skin test
What vaccine would cause a person to have a positive TB test? bacillus Calmette-Guerin (say: Cal met gay ran)
What is the next step if a person has a positive TB skin test result? Evaluation by chest radiograph
Give 3 applicable nursing diagnoses for the patient with TB. knowledge deficit, risk for infection, imbalanced nutrition less than…
What nursing interventions address the risks of spreading TB? Respiratory isolation for hospitalized client; teach to cough into tissues with immediate disposal into appropriate container, proper handwashing, medication compliance; referral to local health department for testing/prophylactic treatment
What is the nurse’s responsibility regarding medication and the client with TB? Administer medication as prescribed; teach importance of strict compliance with long term (9-12 mo.s) of medication to prevent public health hazard
What does the TB patient need to know about conditions to report? any deterioration in condition, especially hemorrhage
When is it safe for the TB client to return to work? After 3 negative sputum cultures
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