68WM6
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| contractile protein found in the thin myofilaments of skeletal muscle | actin
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| when stimulated, a muscle fiber will contract fully or not at all | all or none
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| those having opposing actions | antagonist
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| broad fibrous sheets of connective tissue (like fascia) | aponeuroses
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| wasting away of tissue, decrease in size of a part; sometimes referred to as disuse syndrome | atrophy
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| synovial fluid-filled sac located between some tendons and bones, making movement easier | bursa
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| increase in size, structure, or function | hypertrophy
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| "equal measure"; type of muscle contraction in which muscle does not shorten and no movement is produced (wall sit, front leaning rest position) | isometric
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| type of muscle contraction in which the muscle length changes, producing movement of a joint (situps, pushups) | isotonic
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| the muscle mainly responsible for producing a particular movement | prime mover
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| basic functional or contractile unit of skeletal muscle | sarcomere
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| inflammation of the tendon sheath | tenosynovitis
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| three types of muscle tissue | skeletal, cardiac, smooth
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| muscle tissue only found in the heart | cardiac muscle
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| unique dark bands found in cardiac muscle tissue | intercalated disks
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| involuntary tissue, lines hollow organs, single nucleus, no striations | smooth muscle tissue
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| striated, voluntary, multiple nuclei, makes up 40-50% of body weight | skeletal muscle tissue
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| 3 parts of skeletal muscle | origin, insertion, body
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| part of skeletal muscle that attaches to the bone and remains relatively stationary | origin
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| part of skeletal muscle that is the point of attachment to the bone that moves when a muscle contracts | insertion (point of insertion)
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| main part of the muscle | body
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| small synovial-lined sacs fluid between some tendons and underlying bones | bursae
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| structure that connects muscle to bone | tendons
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| structure that connects bone to bone | ligaments
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| 3 primary functions of skeletal muscle | movement, posture/muscle tone, heat production
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| muscle whose contraction is mainly responsible for producing a given movement | prime mover
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| muscle whose contractions help the prime mover prodcue a given movement | synergist
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| muscle whose actions oppose the action of a prime mover in any given moment | antagonist
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| this produces no movement of body parts, only a few of a muscle's fibers shorten at one time, maintain muscle tone called posture | tonic contraction
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| repeated muscular contraction depletes cellular ______ stores and outstrips the ability of the blood supply to replenish O2 and nutrients | ATP
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| term used to describe the metabolic effort required to burn excess lactic acid that may accumulate during prolonged periods of exercise | oxygen debt
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| specialized nerve that transmits an impluse to a muscle, causing contraction | motor neuron
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| specialized point of contact between a nerve ending and the muscle fiber it innervates | neuromuscular junction
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| the minimal level of stimulation required to cause a muscle fiber to contract | threshold stimulus
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| once stimulated by a threshold stimulus, a muscle fiber will contract completely, this is a response called | all or none
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| true or false: different muscle fibers in a muscle are controlled by different motor units having different threshold-stimulus levels | true
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| contractions are quick, jerky movements and do not play a significant role in normal muscular activity | twitch
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| contractions are sustained and steady muscular contractions caused by a series of stimuli bombarding a muscle in rapid succession | tetanic
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| to produce chewing movements | mastication
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| allows you to pucker the lips | orbicularis oris
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| muscle surrounding the eye | orbicularis oculi
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| allows you to raise your eyebows and frown | frontal muscle
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| elevates the corners of the mouth and lips | zygomaticus
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| elevates the mandible | masseter
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| assists masseter to close jaw | temporal
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| flexes head | sternocleidomastoid
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| elevates shoulder and extends head | trapezius
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| flexes upper arm | pectoralis major
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| extends the upper arm | latissimus dorsi
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| abducts the upper arm | deltoid
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| flexes the forearm | biceps brachii
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| extends the forearm | triceps brachii
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| respiratory muscles | intercostal and diaphragm
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| abdominal muscles | external and internal obliques, transversus abdominis, rectus abdominis
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| quadricepts femoris group consists of | rectus femoris, vastus lateralis, vastus medialis, vastus intermedius
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