Intro to Psych - College Network - CLEP
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| Social Psychologist | show 🗑
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| show | Development of human cognitive & social processes throughout their life-span eg(observe children to investigate when first begin to play with others)
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| show | Physiological/Biological research to understand interaction between behavior & brain processes eg(rats in maze to test hypothesis on how learning occurs)
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| show | Study “abnormal” human processes & their alleviation thru treatment eg(determine ability person understand court proceedings or determine mental state at time of offense)
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| show | Study “normal” human interactions & processes to help individuals “grow” eg(work through chronic illness or help shape laws & procedures)
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| Industrial/Organizational Psychologist | show 🗑
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| Educational Psychologist | show 🗑
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| show | Effects of beliefs & ideas on perception
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| Behaviorist Movement | show 🗑
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| Humanist Movement | show 🗑
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| show | Returned to study mental process although more scientifically rigid fashion now
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| Psychology | show 🗑
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| Psychiatry | show 🗑
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| show | Methods used to unobtrusively study behaviors in natural environment by control/manipulation to determine what actually influences behavior
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| show | In order to be classified as a psychologist, an individual must have obtained at least a PhD in psychology
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| False Statement | show 🗑
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| show | Psychological studies rarely involve the application of scientific processes
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| True Statement | show 🗑
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| Responsibility of a psychologist | show 🗑
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| Responsibility of a psychologist | show 🗑
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| Responsibility of a psychologist | show 🗑
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| show | Gestalt Movement
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| show | Humanist Movement
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| Aspects of human functioning that are directly observable, measurable and publicly verifiable | show 🗑
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| Unobtrusive observation of people in social settings | show 🗑
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| show | Counseling psychologists study "normal" human interactions & processes
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| Examining interrelationship between childhood sexual abuse, different cognitive interpretations of this abuse and development of hisrionic personality disorder later in life | show 🗑
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| show | Focus on learning & thinking processes
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| Personality Psychologist | show 🗑
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| show | Psychoanalytic theory Neurology
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| show | Philospher Bodily functions & mental functions separate but interacting
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| show | Empiricist
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| show | Associationism
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| show | Mathematical equations
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| show | Perception of color Role of nervous system in relfex behaviors
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| show | "Father of Psychology" Structuralism
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| James | show 🗑
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| Watson | show 🗑
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| Binet | show 🗑
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| Wertheimer | show 🗑
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| Perls | show 🗑
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| Empiricism | show 🗑
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| Associationism | show 🗑
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| Structuralism | show 🗑
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| show | James Processes help man adapt to environment, survive & prosper Consciousness dynamic & flowing ("stream of consciousness") Mental processes could not be broken into separate elements
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| show | Watson & Binet Human function observable, measureable & publicly verifiable Identify ways people learn thru interactions with environment
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| Gestalt | show 🗑
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| show | Freud Unconscious conflicts & their resolutions to explain human behavior Person't "psychic energy" = id, ego, super-ego
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| show | People & their behavior must be considered in context of biological systems, psychological processes and social influences
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| show | Binet Analyzes various aspects of human functioning & measures differences in functioning between individuals
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| show | Geared to gaining knowledge & clarifying concepts with limited emphasis toward applicability
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| show | Involves active study and/or resolution of existing problems
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| Case Study | show 🗑
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| show | Case studies
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| Survey | show 🗑
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| show | Problems w/ surveys
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| show | Surveys
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| Experiment | show 🗑
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| show | Experiment
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| show | Simple description of phenomenon/situation
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| Documentation on how people are generally | show 🗑
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| Correlation Studies | show 🗑
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| show | Correlation study
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| show | Experiment
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| Laboratories & Psychology | show 🗑
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| Controlling situation so extraneous variables do not intrude/influence study | show 🗑
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| show | Empiricism
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| Ideas organized in mind based on initial association through experience | show 🗑
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| show | Structuralism
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| show | Structuralism
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| Processes help adaptation to environment, survival and prosperity | show 🗑
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| show | Gestalt
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| show | Gestalt
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| Structure created to encompass various experiences | show 🗑
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| Unconscious conflicts & their resolutions | show 🗑
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| show | Psychoanalysis
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| Considering biological, psychological and social functions | show 🗑
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| Epidemiological Research | show 🗑
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| Studing various psychological problems humans experience in area of abnormal psychology | show 🗑
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| show | Epidemiological research
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| show | Percentage of individuals who have certain disorder during certain period of time
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| show | Number of new cases in given period
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| show | Incidence
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| Percentage of population who will have specific disorder at some time during life | show 🗑
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| show | Use statistical techniques: Correlation/Experiment
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| show | Inferential Study
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| show | Inferential Studies
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| show | Which variables appear to go together in Correlational Studies
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| Hindsight Bias | show 🗑
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| a priori | show 🗑
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| Experimental Bias | show 🗑
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| Cross-validation | show 🗑
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| show | Cross-validation
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| show | Compiling results of numerous studies on particualr phenomenon & analyzing compiled data
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| Potential unknown/unmeasurable influenes on particular study minimized | show 🗑
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| Generating explanation of situation/event after it has already occurred | show 🗑
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| Empirical Research | show 🗑
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| Study revealing depression associated with lack of assertiveness | show 🗑
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| Study on violent TV shows leading to more aggression: 1 group does not see any violent TV shows and the other only sees violent TV shows and displays more aggression | show 🗑
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| show | Subjects chosen from overall population to be used for the research
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| Population | show 🗑
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| show | Sample whose traits reflect those of the population as a whole on some basis
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| Reliability | show 🗑
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| Validity | show 🗑
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| Frequency Distribution | show 🗑
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| Histogram | show 🗑
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| Range | show 🗑
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| Outliers | show 🗑
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| show | Mean, median, mode
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| show | Arithmetic average of scores: Add all the values in the data set and divide by the total number of values
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| Mode | show 🗑
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| Median | show 🗑
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| show | Correspondence between scores/ratings of 2 different variables ranging from -1 to +1
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| show | Both variables correspond perfectly to each other Eg(1 set measured in inches and the other in centimeters, but 1" = 2.5cm)
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| show | Ratings between both variables are perfect opposites Eg(lines drawn across a piece of paper of different lengths)
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| Correlation Coefficient 0 | show 🗑
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| show | Degree to which research results have NOT occurred by chance typically at 0.05 (stating 99.5 accuracy).
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| Descriptive Statistics | show 🗑
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| show | Allow researches to determine how likely results found reflect real-world findings
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| show | Inferential Statistics analyzing differences between 2 groups
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| ANOVA | show 🗑
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| Glial Cells | show 🗑
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| Nervous System | show 🗑
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| Central Nervous System | show 🗑
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| show | Nerves throughout remainder of body
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| Neurons | show 🗑
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| Sensory/Afferent Neurons | show 🗑
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| Interneurons | show 🗑
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| show | Carry information from brain to muscles
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| Dendrites | show 🗑
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| Cell Body | show 🗑
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| Axon | show 🗑
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| Neuron Anatomy | show 🗑
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| Nodes of Ranvier | show 🗑
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| show | Fatty material sheath protecting axon which helps speed up conduction of action potentials
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| show | electric charge at rest (-70mlv)
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| Refractory Period | show 🗑
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| show | Gap between nerve cells of synaptic vesicles
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| show | Structures at nerve cell gap that transmit neurotransmitters
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| Neurotransmitter | show 🗑
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| show | Cause depolarization in recipient cell and increase likelihood of triggering action potential
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| Inhibatory Neurotransmitters | show 🗑
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| show | Stimulation exceeds threshold of neuron, Na+ and K+ rush into cell and change to +50mlv initiating response
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| Agonists | show 🗑
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| show | Drugs which inhibit effects of neurotransmitter
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| show | Nervous System
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| Patrick's scale consistently yields 4oz error | show 🗑
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| show | Descriptive Statistics
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| Center of all nervous system activity | show 🗑
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| 3 main sections of brain | show 🗑
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| show | "oldest" part of brain first to develop in course of evolution 2 structures: pons/medulla
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| show | Directly connected to spinal cord Monitors reflex functions & control involuntary reflexes Nerve cross over from right to left & vice-versa
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| Pons | show 🗑
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| Influences sleep-wake cycle | show 🗑
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| show | Medulla
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| show | Brain Stem
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| show | Brain Stem
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| First to develop in course of evolution | show 🗑
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| Directly connected to spinal cord | show 🗑
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| show | Medulla
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| Controls involuntary reflexes | show 🗑
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| Relay Station of brain | show 🗑
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| Reticular Activating System (RAS) | show 🗑
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| Bundle of nerve fibers responsible for arousal from sleep | show 🗑
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| show | Reticular Activating System
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| show | Cerebellum & Limbic System
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| Cerebellum | show 🗑
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| show | Cerebellum
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| Cerebellum & Limbic System | show 🗑
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| show | Septum, Amygdala, Hippocampus Handles basic emotional functioning
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| Handles basic emotional functioning | show 🗑
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| show | Limbic System
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| Septum | show 🗑
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| show | Produces rage when stimulated
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| show | When septum damaged - anger, aggression, violence
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| Hippocampus | show 🗑
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| show | Hippocampus
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| show | Trauma to Hippocampus
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| Thalamus | show 🗑
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| show | Thalamus
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| show | Thalamus
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| Hypothalamus | show 🗑
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| Thirst, temperature, hunger | show 🗑
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| Respiration & heart rate | show 🗑
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| Eye blinks, breathing, involuntary swallowing | show 🗑
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| show | Hypothalamus
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| Motivation & influences aggressive and sexual impulses | show 🗑
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| Medial Forebrain Bundle | show 🗑
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| show | Medial Forebrain Bundle
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| Reward Pathway | show 🗑
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| show | Center for higher brain function: language, perception, cognition, voluntary motor movements
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| Language, perception, cognition | show 🗑
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| Voluntary motor movements | show 🗑
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| show | Cerebral Cortex
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| show | Cerebral Cortex
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| show | Each hemisphere primarily controls different functions of brain
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| Left Hemisphere | show 🗑
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| Language, analytical abilities | show 🗑
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| show | Left Hemisphere
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| show | Controls left half of body Creative functions Visual & spatial orientation Perception of emotions
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| show | Right Hemisphere
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| show | Right Hemisphere
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| show | Right Hemisphere
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| Corpus Callosum | show 🗑
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| Stop frequency of epileptic seizures in severe cases | show 🗑
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| Frontal Lobes | show 🗑
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| show | Frontal Lobes
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| show | Sensation of touch
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| show | Visual Information
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| show | Auditory Information
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| show | Ability of brain to compensate for certain injuries/malformations
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| Brain most "plastic" | show 🗑
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| Peripheral Nervous System | show 🗑
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| show | Connects central nervous system to voluntary muscles
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| Autonomic Nervous System | show 🗑
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| show | Autonomic - Prepares body for energy expenditure
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| Parasympathetic Nervous System | show 🗑
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| Energy Expenditure | show 🗑
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| Restoration of energy | show 🗑
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| Sympathetic & Parasympathetic Nervous Systems | show 🗑
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| show | Autonomic Nervous System
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| Voluntary Control | show 🗑
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| Endocrine System | show 🗑
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| Hypothalamus | show 🗑
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| Pituitary | show 🗑
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| show | Control metabolism rates
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| show | Release adrenaline - fight/flight
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| Pancreas | show 🗑
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| Testes/Ovaries | show 🗑
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| show | Controlled by Autonomic Nervous System
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| show | Process of converting physical energy of environment into neural energy processed by nervous systems
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| show | Process by which external energy becomes neural impulses
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| Information Processing Theory | show 🗑
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| Perception | show 🗑
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| 5 basic senses | show 🗑
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| Absolute threshold | show 🗑
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| show | No single absolute threshold - different for each person based on experience, expectation, motivation, fatigue level
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| Difference threshold | show 🗑
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| JND - Just Noticeable Difference | show 🗑
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| Feature detectors | show 🗑
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| Brain assembles perceived image | show 🗑
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| Sensory adaptation | show 🗑
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| Weber's Law | show 🗑
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| Absolute difference between 2 stimuli not as important as percentage of difference | show 🗑
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| Synesthesia | show 🗑
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| Sensory receptors connected to "wrong" nerves | show 🗑
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| show | Synesthesia
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| show | Sensory adaptation
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| Cornea | show 🗑
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| show | Ring-shaped muscle opens/closes pupil
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| Lens | show 🗑
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| show | Photoreceptors of eye where image finally focused
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| show | Center point in retina where image focused
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| Rods | show 🗑
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| show | Rods
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| show | Short fat photoreceptors taper to pointed tip located away from center of retina
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| Color perception | show 🗑
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| show | Retina has 3 types of color receptors: red, green blue
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| show | 2 additional color processes: red vs green and yellow vs blue
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| Negative Afterimage | show 🗑
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| Cones function as predicted | show 🗑
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| show | Hering's theory
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| Photoreceptors | show 🗑
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| show | Feature receptors: nerves programmed only to perceive particular shapes, colors, movements, etc.
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| show | Visual cortex via feature receptors
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| Properties of sound | show 🗑
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| Amplitude | show 🗑
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| show | Number of times sound wave repeats itself Humans detect range 20-20,000Hz
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| show | Domination by single-frequency waves
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| show | Sharpness of a sound
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| show | Hear different pitches because sound waves trigger different places along cochlear basilar membrane inside ear
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| show | Firing rate of nerve cells matches frequency of sound wave triggering impulses to brain at same frequencly as the sound wave
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| show | Place Theory
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| show | Frequency Theory
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| Conduction Deafness | show 🗑
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| show | Damage to cochlear hair cell receptors or associated nerves
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| Skin Sensations | show 🗑
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| Pain | show 🗑
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| show | Spinal cord contains neurological gate blocking/allowing pain signals to pass on to brain & be perceived
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| show | Sense of position & movement of body parts in relation to each other Allows us to perceive where body is positioned in space via receptors through CNS
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| Equilibratory sense | show 🗑
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| show | Fluid within 3 semicircular canals & 2 vestibular sacs shifts dramatically causing overstimulation
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| show | Small mucous epithelium areas on nasal septum
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| show | Triggered in cerebral cortex & limbic systems via olfactory nerves connected to the olfactory bulb triggering memories of past events
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| show | Chemicals produced as method of communication through odor to attract another - related to production of sex hormones
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| show | Sense of taste through receptors located on surface of tongue, pharynx and larynx projected to thalamus then sensory cortex of brain where becomes correlated with information from olfactory organs
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| show | Contain many gustatory cells which extend hairlike microvilli into surrounding fluid Some can only detect 1 taste, others can detect all 4
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| show | Sweet, sour, salty, bitter
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| show | Tip of tongue
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| show | Sides & tip of tongue
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| show | Sides of tongue
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| Bitter Taste | show 🗑
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| show | Means by which 1 sense influences/interacts with another (smell and taste together)
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| Perception | show 🗑
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| Attention | show 🗑
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| Orientation | show 🗑
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| Cupping ear - squinting | show 🗑
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| Selective Attention | show 🗑
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| Watching TV over listening to parents | show 🗑
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| Bottleneck Model | show 🗑
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| show | Psychological limitations determine amount of stimulation we can process
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| Perception Research | show 🗑
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| Figure | show 🗑
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| show | Surroundings or background of focal point
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| show | True Statement
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| Visual Grouping | show 🗑
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| Proximity | show 🗑
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| Similarity | show 🗑
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| Continuity | show 🗑
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| show | Completing figures with gaps to create a whole object
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| show | Perceiving spots, lines, areas as single unit when figures uniform & linked
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| Depth Perception | show 🗑
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| show | Requires both eyes to process visual cues: Retinal disparity & Convergence
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| Retinal disparity | show 🗑
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| show | Binocular cue which is muscular movement determines extent to which eyes turn inward. Brain determines focal distance by angle of convergence
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| show | Visual cues processed by each eye separately: Relative size Linear perspective Texture gradient Relative motion Overlap
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| Relative size | show 🗑
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| show | Parallel lines appear to converge in distance
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| show | Closer objects appear to have greater detail
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| Perceptual constancy | show 🗑
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| show | Perceptual constancy
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| show | If we are aware of object's color, we will continue to perceive the object as that color
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| show | Ability to discriminate between images/objects
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| show | Occurs when person's belief or expectation influences perception
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| show | Perceptual set
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| show | Abiity to differentiat something from the other stimuli surrounding it
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| show | The greater the likelihood it will be selected for further perceptual processing: Motion Repitition
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| show | Occur when one's perception of a stimulus differs significantly from actual properties.
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| show | Illusion
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| show | Effects perception in that we notice or see what interests us
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| Mental set | show 🗑
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| show | Claim one can perceive things imperceptible to others
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| Telephathy | show 🗑
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| show | ESP - perception of remove events in time/space
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| show | ESP - perception of future events
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| Parapsychology | show 🗑
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| Consciousness | show 🗑
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| show | Process events one at a time giving each our undivided attention
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| show | Process large amount of information simultaneously without awareness
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| show | Unconscious/Automatic Processing
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| Avoiding hitting cars | show 🗑
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| Selective attention | show 🗑
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| show | Cocktail party effect
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| show | 4 Stages Stages 2,3,4 repeat every 90 minutes with Stage 4 getting longer each cycle
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| show | Appx 2 minutes Sensory images...hallucinations Falling/Floating sensation Jerking Thought processes become illogical
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||||
| show | Appx 20 min Relax more deeply EEG - bursts of brain wave activity Awakens easily
🗑
|
||||
| show | Transitional few minuts EEG - beginnings of delta waves
🗑
|
||||
| Stage 4 Sleep | show 🗑
|
||||
| show | After appx 1 hour, deep sleep for 10 min in Stage 4 Important role in learning Most dreams occur
🗑
|
||||
| Most dreaming | show 🗑
|
||||
| show | Daily life experiences Most common: falling, being chased/attacked and attempting but failing to do something
🗑
|
||||
| Information Processing Theory | show 🗑
|
||||
| show | Release of taboo feelings blocked by defense mechanisms when awake.
🗑
|
||||
| Activation-Synthesis Theory | show 🗑
|
||||
| Hobson & McArthy | show 🗑
|
||||
| Dysomnias | show 🗑
|
||||
| show | Inability to fall asleep or remain asleep
🗑
|
||||
| Parasomnia | show 🗑
|
||||
| Narcolepsy | show 🗑
|
||||
| show | Intermittent periods of arrested breathing during sleep
🗑
|
||||
| show | Frequent & disruptive nightmares
🗑
|
||||
| show | Screaming or talking incoherently during Stage 4 in first few hours of sleep. Rarely wakens fully and often does not remember anything upon waking
🗑
|
||||
| show | Sleep less & REM time decreases
🗑
|
||||
| Delirium | show 🗑
|
||||
| Profound difficulty paying attention & focusing | show 🗑
|
||||
| show | Pervasive cognitive impairment from compromised nervous system. Attend conversations & focus attention but have troubles with memory
🗑
|
||||
| Able to attend conversation & focus attention but trouble with memory | show 🗑
|
||||
| show | Impairment of memory caused by neurological problems interfering with self-identity
🗑
|
||||
| Hypnosis | show 🗑
|
||||
| Highly hynotically susceptible people | show 🗑
|
||||
| Induction | show 🗑
|
||||
| Suggestion | show 🗑
|
||||
| Concerns with hypnosis | show 🗑
|
||||
| Dissociation | show 🗑
|
||||
| show | Mental exercise to control one's consciousness by focusing on sounds/images and attaining state of relaxation
🗑
|
||||
| show | Responds well to meditation
🗑
|
||||
| Alpha Waves | show 🗑
|
||||
| Delta Waves | show 🗑
|
||||
| Psychoactive Substances | show 🗑
|
||||
| CNS depressents | show 🗑
|
||||
| Stimulants | show 🗑
|
||||
| Opiates | show 🗑
|
||||
| Hallucinogens | show 🗑
|
||||
| show | Marijuana and hashish
🗑
|
||||
| show | Glue and gasoline
🗑
|
||||
| Chemicals | show 🗑
|
||||
| Energy, exhileration, talkativeness and mood elevation | show 🗑
|
||||
| show | Common everyday stimulants
🗑
|
||||
| Mild overdose of stimulants | show 🗑
|
||||
| Severe overdose of stimulants | show 🗑
|
||||
| show | Long-term effects of stimulants
🗑
|
||||
| Tolerance | show 🗑
|
||||
| show | Feeling like nothing is enjoyable
🗑
|
||||
| show | Usually the reverse of their action
🗑
|
||||
| Slow heart rate, relax muscles and promote sleep | show 🗑
|
||||
| show | Social disinhibition - allowing individuals to temporarily forget worries & enjoy the moment
🗑
|
||||
| show | True statement
🗑
|
||||
| show | Depress CNS leading to relaxation, slurred speech, impaired motor coordination
🗑
|
||||
| Benzodiazepines | show 🗑
|
||||
| Mild overdose of CNS depressants | show 🗑
|
||||
| show | Blackouts, unconsciousness, coma leading to death
🗑
|
||||
| Combining barbiturates & alcohol | show 🗑
|
||||
| Withdrawl from CNS depressants | show 🗑
|
||||
| show | Alcohol
🗑
|
||||
| Korsokoff's syndrome | show 🗑
|
||||
| Opiates | show 🗑
|
||||
| show | Opiates
🗑
|
||||
| Opioids | show 🗑
|
||||
| Methadone | show 🗑
|
||||
| Overdose of opioids | show 🗑
|
||||
| Endorphins | show 🗑
|
||||
| show | De-automatization, sensory illusions occur and experience synesthesia
🗑
|
||||
| Depersonalization may occur | show 🗑
|
||||
| De-automatization | show 🗑
|
||||
| Overdose of hallucinogens | show 🗑
|
||||
| Already-occuring psychotic processes accelerated | show 🗑
|
||||
| show | Marijuana & hashish
🗑
|
||||
| show | Cannabinoids
🗑
|
||||
| Enhanced visual and auditory perception, decreased short-term memory functioning, decreased physical coordination, possible paranoia/panic | show 🗑
|
||||
| show | Irritability, insomnia, restlessness, decreased appetite
🗑
|
||||
| show | Primarily related to practice of smoking
🗑
|
||||
| show | Glue, amyl nitrate, kerosene, paint thinner
🗑
|
||||
| show | Solvents
🗑
|
||||
| show | Toxic solvents (poisons)
🗑
|
||||
| Solvent negative effects | show 🗑
|
||||
| Effectiveness and potency of drug | show 🗑
|
||||
| Quicker route of absorption | show 🗑
|
||||
| Shortened half-life | show 🗑
|
||||
| show | Tolerance
🗑
|
||||
| Body rebounding in opposite direction when not taking substance | show 🗑
|
||||
| show | Essential to survival(innate sense)& adaptation to environment
🗑
|
||||
| show | Durable change in behavior resulting from association and encoding into memory relationships between experiences
🗑
|
||||
| Habituation | show 🗑
|
||||
| Maturation | show 🗑
|
||||
| show | Maturation
🗑
|
||||
| show | Determined by age-related mental & physical skills (Maturation)
🗑
|
||||
| show | Neutral stimulus paired with one that elicits automatic/unconditioned response - Pavlov's expereiment)
🗑
|
||||
| show | Classic conditioning
🗑
|
||||
| show | Physiologist Conditioned response experiments - association
🗑
|
||||
| Unconditioned response | show 🗑
|
||||
| show | Stimulus that always triggers natural biological process (UR) (food)
🗑
|
||||
| Conditioned response | show 🗑
|
||||
| show | Neutral stimuls paired with unconditioned stimulus so will eventually com to produce the same response (bell, tone, light, empty foot bowl)
🗑
|
||||
| Skinner | show 🗑
|
||||
| Operant conditioning | show 🗑
|
||||
| show | Change in environment following behavior & increased likelihood behavior will be repeated - good or bad
🗑
|
||||
| Primary reinforcer | show 🗑
|
||||
| Secondary reinforcer | show 🗑
|
||||
| Positive reinforcement | show 🗑
|
||||
| Negative reinforcement | show 🗑
|
||||
| Punishment | show 🗑
|
||||
| show | Process of gradually guiding natural behavior toward another behavior through reinforcement
🗑
|
||||
| Successive approximation | show 🗑
|
||||
| Acquisition | show 🗑
|
||||
| show | Process which several related responses learned through operant conditiong
🗑
|
||||
| Learning everything one can about the ball, stance, bat, light, wind to become the best baseball batter | show 🗑
|
||||
| Generalization | show 🗑
|
||||
| Being able to act in certain way with new situation because it resembles something else | show 🗑
|
||||
| show | Process for distinguishing between slightly similar stimuli and responding to one but not another
🗑
|
||||
| show | Gradual breaking of the stimulus-response pattern due to lack of reinforcement (ignoring behavior will lead person to stop)
🗑
|
||||
| show | Reinforcement every time desired behavior is performed
🗑
|
||||
| Intermittent reinforcement | show 🗑
|
||||
| To decrease/resist extinction | show 🗑
|
||||
| show | Schedule of reinforcement based on number of times certain behavior performed
🗑
|
||||
| show | Reinforcement provided after specific number of responses Fastest initial response process
🗑
|
||||
| show | Reinforcement provided after specific period of time
🗑
|
||||
| Fixed schedule | show 🗑
|
||||
| Interval schedule | show 🗑
|
||||
| show | Reinforcement provided after differing amounts of time or numbers of behaviors
🗑
|
||||
| show | Variable schedule
🗑
|
||||
| Variable Interval schedule | show 🗑
|
||||
| Variable Ratio schedule | show 🗑
|
||||
| Instinct drift | show 🗑
|
||||
| Natural instinct response limits capacity for operant conditioning | show 🗑
|
||||
| show | Psychologist studied insight
🗑
|
||||
| Insight | show 🗑
|
||||
| Recognition of relationship between various parts of a problem/situation to solve it | show 🗑
|
||||
| Kohler's Experiment | show 🗑
|
||||
| Monkey moves box under banana, stands on box and swings with stick to knock banana down | show 🗑
|
||||
| Bandura | show 🗑
|
||||
| show | Learning by observing & imitating another's behavior (reinforcement/punishment guide outcome)
🗑
|
||||
| Effective observation learning | show 🗑
|
||||
| show | Bandura Video of adults hitting and kicking doll elicites same action by kids watching video
🗑
|
||||
| Reproduction | show 🗑
|
||||
| Auditory memory | show 🗑
|
||||
| Echoic memory | show 🗑
|
||||
| show | Auditory or Echoic memory
🗑
|
||||
| show | Occurs with little or no effort - automatically without awareness or paying special attention
🗑
|
||||
| show | Automatic processing
🗑
|
||||
| show | Recalling information best in environment learned
🗑
|
||||
| show | Context effect
🗑
|
||||
| show | Allows us to remember facts or events Long-term Semantic & Episodic
🗑
|
||||
| show | Declarative memory involving remembering bits of information
🗑
|
||||
| show | Semantic memory
🗑
|
||||
| show | Declarative memory involving remembering personally experienced events
🗑
|
||||
| show | Rentention of information requiring effort & attention - Rehearsal
🗑
|
||||
| Rehearsal | show 🗑
|
||||
| Conscious repition of information | show 🗑
|
||||
| Encoding | show 🗑
|
||||
| Explicit memory | show 🗑
|
||||
| Flashbulb memory | show 🗑
|
||||
| Remembering details of Kennedy's assassination, but not the day before or after | show 🗑
|
||||
| Iconic memory | show 🗑
|
||||
| Visual memory | show 🗑
|
||||
| Remembering swinging light | show 🗑
|
||||
| show | Use of mental pictures for encoding & retrieval of memory Retrieval cue
🗑
|
||||
| show | Retrieval of information without conscious awareness
🗑
|
||||
| show | Modern View of sensing, perceiving, learning, thinking & remembering Automatic & Efforfull
🗑
|
||||
| Long-Term memory | show 🗑
|
||||
| Procedural memory | show 🗑
|
||||
| Memory | show 🗑
|
||||
| Misinformation effect | show 🗑
|
||||
| show | Aids/tricks to help remember more than would otherwise: Methods of loci (association w/ familiar locations) Acronyms (abbreviations - SOB, NKA, etc) Rhymes("Thirty days hath Sept...)
🗑
|
||||
| Priming | show 🗑
|
||||
| Proactive interference | show 🗑
|
||||
| Recall | show 🗑
|
||||
| Recognition | show 🗑
|
||||
| show | Recognition
🗑
|
||||
| show | Alteration or loss of painful/anxiety-provoking memories
🗑
|
||||
| show | Extracting iinformation from memory for use
🗑
|
||||
| show | Provide reminder for information not otherwise accessable from memory: Priming & Imagery
🗑
|
||||
| Retroactive interference | show 🗑
|
||||
| show | Initial record lasting only very brief period of time - usually visual/auditory
🗑
|
||||
| Serial position effect | show 🗑
|
||||
| Remembering "ABCD" and "WXYZ" only | show 🗑
|
||||
| show | Information activley attented to which lasts 15-30 seconds - Working memory - Intentional memory
🗑
|
||||
| Recalling a phone number just obtained | show 🗑
|
||||
| Spacing effect | show 🗑
|
||||
| show | Spacing effect
🗑
|
||||
| State dependence | show 🗑
|
||||
| Being in same internal state when recalling information as learned it | show 🗑
|
||||
| show | Relatively passive process keeping information in memory for periods of time
🗑
|
||||
| show | Another name for short-term memory 15-30 seconds Intentional memory
🗑
|
||||
| show | Remember certain details then add further information based on what believed to have happened from subtle suggestions
🗑
|
||||
| show | Reconstruction
🗑
|
||||
| Accomodation | show 🗑
|
||||
| show | Process of taking new experience & incorporating it into existing category, concept idea
🗑
|
||||
| show | Ways in which aquire, retain, interpret, use knowledge
🗑
|
||||
| show | Cognition
🗑
|
||||
| Concrete operations stage | show 🗑
|
||||
| show | Concrete operations stage
🗑
|
||||
| show | Idea that given quantity remains same despite shape changes
🗑
|
||||
| Formal operations stage | show 🗑
|
||||
| Scientific reasoning & deducing consequences - Potential present for mature moral reasoning | show 🗑
|
||||
| show | 2 - 6 y/o Words & images represent things Ability to pretend Egocentric
🗑
|
||||
| Stage lack logical reasoning but pretend & egocentric | show 🗑
|
||||
| show | Concepts that consolidate past experiences & offer model for understanding future experiences
🗑
|
||||
| show | Schemas
🗑
|
||||
| Sensorimotor stage | show 🗑
|
||||
| show | Sensorimotor stage
🗑
|
||||
| show | Cannot perceive things from another's viewpoint
🗑
|
||||
| The fewer instincts animal has, the more it relies on learning to survive | show 🗑
|
||||
| show | Effortful processing
🗑
|
||||
| Assimilation | show 🗑
|
||||
| show | Altering previous knowledge in light of new concepts
🗑
|
||||
| Perceptions of the world that develop out of and are organized around individual's experiences | show 🗑
|
||||
| Intellectual development according to Piaget | show 🗑
|
||||
| show | Designed to determine what has already been learned
🗑
|
||||
| show | Predict ability to learn new skills
🗑
|
||||
| SAT | show 🗑
|
||||
| show | Standardized Reliable Valid
🗑
|
||||
| Factor approach | show 🗑
|
||||
| show | General intelligence Underlying specific intelligences/abilities that may vary Basis of the idear of IQ
🗑
|
||||
| show | Indicator of "g" factor
🗑
|
||||
| show | Ability to learn information & solve problems
🗑
|
||||
| show | Nature, genetics (60%) and environment
🗑
|
||||
| IQ | show 🗑
|
||||
| 95% of population IQ levels | show 🗑
|
||||
| Mental retardation | show 🗑
|
||||
| show | Mild Moderate Severe Profound
🗑
|
||||
| Mild retardation | show 🗑
|
||||
| show | Can develop skills up to 2nd grade and may learn to perform unskilled labor with supervision
🗑
|
||||
| Severe retardation | show 🗑
|
||||
| Profound retardation | show 🗑
|
||||
| show | Abstract concept is eventually viewed as reality itself
🗑
|
||||
| Spearman | show 🗑
|
||||
| show | Frames of mind: Linguistics Logical - Math Spatial Musical Bodily kinesthetic Interpersonal Intrapersonal
🗑
|
||||
| show | Triarchic model: Analytic Creative Practical
🗑
|
||||
| Imagination | show 🗑
|
||||
| Expertise | show 🗑
|
||||
| show | Ability to be motivated & satisfied by task itself rather than relying on external factors
🗑
|
||||
| Venturesome personality | show 🗑
|
||||
| "g" factor suggests | show 🗑
|
||||
| show | Cultural differences in way tasks are learned
🗑
|
||||
| show | Impossible to determine as every person has strengths/weaknesses not reflective of overall IQ
🗑
|
||||
| show | Clinical settings
🗑
|
||||
| Babbling | show 🗑
|
||||
| Grammer | show 🗑
|
||||
| show | Primary vehicle thru which humans express thoughts
🗑
|
||||
| show | Whorf Language determines thought
🗑
|
||||
| show | Won't be considered per Whorf
🗑
|
||||
| show | Small variation of thing most likely to be perceived/considered per Whorf
🗑
|
||||
| show | Smallest elements of language that have meaining
🗑
|
||||
| show | Starts around age 1 with child starting to use 1-syllable words that carry meaning
🗑
|
||||
| show | Group of elementary sounds
🗑
|
||||
| Two-word stage | show 🗑
|
||||
| show | Phonemes Morphemes Grammer
🗑
|
||||
| Child's statements mostly made of nouns & verbs | show 🗑
|
||||
| Child's use of one-syllable words that carry meaning | show 🗑
|
||||
| Basis for much of internal thought | show 🗑
|
||||
| Skinner | show 🗑
|
||||
| show | Skinner
🗑
|
||||
| Chomsky | show 🗑
|
||||
| Surface structure (syntax/grammer and deep structure | show 🗑
|
||||
| Ability to understand phrases/sentences not previously learned | show 🗑
|
||||
| show | Whorf - Linguistic relativity hypothesis
🗑
|
||||
| Language determines | show 🗑
|
||||
| show | Methodical logical procedure for problem solving which is slower than heuristics but less prone to error
🗑
|
||||
| Slower problem solving technique which is less prone to error | show 🗑
|
||||
| show | Shortcut based upon most available memories
🗑
|
||||
| show | Availability heuristic
🗑
|
||||
| Confirmation bias | show 🗑
|
||||
| show | Confirmation bias
🗑
|
||||
| show | Cannot think of situation in new way because cannot escape current conception of the sitution
🗑
|
||||
| Framing | show 🗑
|
||||
| Cell phone ad showing boss being able to be away from the office | show 🗑
|
||||
| show | Perception of the functions of an object are fixed and allow no other creative uses of the object
🗑
|
||||
| show | Shortcuts to problem solving - rules of thumb
🗑
|
||||
| show | Heuristic
🗑
|
||||
| Insight | show 🗑
|
||||
| Mental set | show 🗑
|
||||
| show | Thinking about thinking in order to improve cognitive ability
🗑
|
||||
| Prototypes | show 🗑
|
||||
| show | Prototypes
🗑
|
||||
| Representativeness heuristic | show 🗑
|
||||
| Trial and error learning | show 🗑
|
||||
| Using a magnet to hold a note to metal filing cabinet | show 🗑
|
||||
| show | Drives person's intensity, persistence and effort to obtain goal
🗑
|
||||
| Anorexia nervosa | show 🗑
|
||||
| show | 2nd component sexual response cycle
🗑
|
||||
| show | Arousal phase
🗑
|
||||
| show | Compulsive overeatiing followed by self-induced purging
🗑
|
||||
| show | 1st component sexual response cycle
🗑
|
||||
| Increased blood flow & lubrication to genital area | show 🗑
|
||||
| Double-depletion hypothesis | show 🗑
|
||||
| show | Energy/tension developing from specific need
🗑
|
||||
| show | Seeking achievement to receive reinforcement from others or to avoid punishment
🗑
|
||||
| show | Extrinsic
🗑
|
||||
| show | Process of maintaining constant/balanced state despinte changes in environment
🗑
|
||||
| show | Strong motivators of homeostasis
🗑
|
||||
| Intimacy | show 🗑
|
||||
| show | Internal desire for achievement for own sake to personal goa.
🗑
|
||||
| show | X managers
🗑
|
||||
| show | Y managers
🗑
|
||||
| show | Pyramid theory prioritizing needs over behavior
🗑
|
||||
| show | Basic life needs in Maslow's theory
🗑
|
||||
| Safety | show 🗑
|
||||
| show | Fulfilling need for affiliate with others in Maslow's theory
🗑
|
||||
| show | Competence, independence, success leading to respect from others in Maslow's theory
🗑
|
||||
| show | Abstract & different needs to fulfil life goals & potential in Maslow's theory
🗑
|
||||
| show | Lateral hypothalamus stimulation
🗑
|
||||
| Depress hunger | show 🗑
|
||||
| Specific hunger | show 🗑
|
||||
| Motivation | show 🗑
|
||||
| show | Lack of a biological necessity
🗑
|
||||
| show | 3rd component of sexual response cycle
🗑
|
||||
| show | Orgasm
🗑
|
||||
| Resolution | show 🗑
|
||||
| Body returns to normal | show 🗑
|
||||
| show | Technique to overcome sexual dysfunction based on performance/fear/pain related to sex
🗑
|
||||
| show | Fixed weight level due to competition of the lateral & ventromedial hypothalamus
🗑
|
||||
| show | Difficulty in one phase of sexual response cycle
🗑
|
||||
| show | Biological
🗑
|
||||
| Acquired motives | show 🗑
|
||||
| Melzack | show 🗑
|
||||
| show | Human motivation in 3 criteria: Attention Consequences Dissatisfaction
🗑
|
||||
| show | Murray Responding to pictures w/o clear directions/significance (ink blots?)
🗑
|
||||
| Instinct | show 🗑
|
||||
| show | Instinct
🗑
|
||||
| Cannon-Bard theory | show 🗑
|
||||
| show | Emotional release or venting of anger
🗑
|
||||
| James-Lange theory | show 🗑
|
||||
| Feeling glad/happy after smiling and sad after frowning | show 🗑
|
||||
| show | Machine measuring respiration, pulse and breathing while being asked questions to determine honesty
🗑
|
||||
| show | Emotions composed of physical arousal and cognitive label
🗑
|
||||
| Components of emotions | show 🗑
|
||||
| Basic emotions | show 🗑
|
||||
| Complex emotions | show 🗑
|
||||
| Fear | show 🗑
|
||||
| Anxiety | show 🗑
|
||||
| People experience physiological & emotional reactions to stimuli simultaneously | show 🗑
|
||||
| Behavior genetics | show 🗑
|
||||
| Cognitive development | show 🗑
|
||||
| show | Cognitive development
🗑
|
||||
| show | Similarity with regard to given trait
🗑
|
||||
| Twin Studies | show 🗑
|
||||
| show | Kohlberg: Rightness of behavior determined by reaction to approval/disapproval of others
🗑
|
||||
| show | Measures difference in people at 1 age or at 1 point in time
🗑
|
||||
| show | Cross-sectional Studies
🗑
|
||||
| Developmental psychology | show 🗑
|
||||
| Longitudinal Studies | show 🗑
|
||||
| Physical development | show 🗑
|
||||
| Major influence on developing personality & intelligence | show 🗑
|
||||
| Postconventional level | show 🗑
|
||||
| Preconventional level | show 🗑
|
||||
| Psychosocial stages | show 🗑
|
||||
| Social-emotional development | show 🗑
|
||||
| show | Social-emotional development
🗑
|
||||
| Gender Studies | show 🗑
|
||||
| Erikson | show 🗑
|
||||
| show | Moral Reasoning: Preconventional, Conventional & Postconventional
🗑
|
||||
| Gilligan | show 🗑
|
||||
| show | Tablua rasa "blank slate" Strong belief in nurturing shaping development
🗑
|
||||
| Nature | show 🗑
|
||||
| show | Environment
🗑
|
||||
| show | Development psychology
🗑
|
||||
| Studies used to compare development of an individual with peers | show 🗑
|
||||
| Gender identity influenced by | show 🗑
|
||||
| show | Psychosocial Studies - Erickson
🗑
|
||||
| Trust vs mistrust | show 🗑
|
||||
| Autonomy vs self-doubt | show 🗑
|
||||
| Intitiative vs guilt | show 🗑
|
||||
| Competency vs inferiority | show 🗑
|
||||
| Identity vs role confusion | show 🗑
|
||||
| Intimacy vs isolation | show 🗑
|
||||
| Generativity vs stagnation | show 🗑
|
||||
| Integrity vs despair | show 🗑
|
||||
| show | Trust vs mistrust Safety
🗑
|
||||
| show | Autonomy vs self-double Self-efficacy (capabilities)
🗑
|
||||
| show | Initiative vs guilt Self-confidence
🗑
|
||||
| School-age | show 🗑
|
||||
| show | Identity vs role confusion Self-comfort
🗑
|
||||
| show | Intimacy vs isolation Closeness & commitment to another
🗑
|
||||
| show | Generativity vs stagnation Ability to focus beyond self
🗑
|
||||
| show | Integrity vs despair Satisfaction with life
🗑
|
||||
| show | Pairs of genes inherited (1 ea) from parents
🗑
|
||||
| show | Blood sample from mother during 16-17wk of pregnancy indicated possible birth defects
🗑
|
||||
| Alzheimer's | show 🗑
|
||||
| show | Test done 16-18wk of pregnancy to determine presence certain birth defects
🗑
|
||||
| show | Amniocentesis
🗑
|
||||
| show | Special bond between infant and caretakers thru body contact, familiarity, temperment & parenting
🗑
|
||||
| show | Attachment
🗑
|
||||
| Ainsworth | show 🗑
|
||||
| show | Dictated rules, expectation of compliance w/o explanation or reasoning or open discussion
🗑
|
||||
| Authoritative parenting | show 🗑
|
||||
| show | Authoritative
🗑
|
||||
| Chromosomes | show 🗑
|
||||
| Building blocks | show 🗑
|
||||
| Crystallized intelligence | show 🗑
|
||||
| show | 3-9th week Various body parts form & organs begin to function
🗑
|
||||
| Fetal Alcohol Syndrome | show 🗑
|
||||
| show | Prenatal development from 9th wk to birth with rapid growth
🗑
|
||||
| Fetus can survive | show 🗑
|
||||
| Fetoscopy | show 🗑
|
||||
| Fluid intelligence | show 🗑
|
||||
| show | Fluid intelligence
🗑
|
||||
| Down's Syndrome | show 🗑
|
||||
| Generativity | show 🗑
|
||||
| show | Segment of DNA that function as hereditary units carrying code providing instruction to manufacture proteins
🗑
|
||||
| Genetic Counselors | show 🗑
|
||||
| Genotypes | show 🗑
|
||||
| show | Prenatal develope from conception through 2nd week
🗑
|
||||
| Stage where zygot adheres to uterine wall & becomes an embryo | show 🗑
|
||||
| Heterozygous | show 🗑
|
||||
| Homozygous | show 🗑
|
||||
| show | Perception of self as an individual
🗑
|
||||
| Menarche | show 🗑
|
||||
| show | Awareness objects exist even when out of view Piaget's sensorimotor stage
🗑
|
||||
| show | Parents acquiesce to child's demands, make few requirements and rarely if ever use punishment
🗑
|
||||
| show | Observatlbe traits of a person...hair/eye color
🗑
|
||||
| show | Not being involved in child's life, expecting little and devoting little of own time/effort ir rearing child
🗑
|
||||
| Teratogens | show 🗑
|
||||
| Most common Teratogen | show 🗑
|
||||
| show | Sonogram of fetus to look for possible birth defects
🗑
|
||||
| show | Umbilical cord blood studied for liver function & other fetal bodily functions not measurable any other way
🗑
|
||||
| Kubler-Ross | show 🗑
|
||||
| show | More vulnerable to illness Not as intellient Eventually beome senile Death preoccupies thoughts
🗑
|
||||
| show | Cognitive development stages: Sensorimotor - Learn sensory & motor contact Preoperational - Logical reasoning concrete Postoperational - Abstract reasoning
🗑
|
||||
| Infant development | show 🗑
|
||||
| Language & motor abilities develop rapidly | show 🗑
|
||||
| Start becoming independent | show 🗑
|
||||
| show | Toddler
🗑
|
||||
| Need to communicate increases | show 🗑
|
||||
| show | Adolescence turmoil due to lack of security achieving approval of peers & sense of parental alienation
🗑
|
||||
| Hall | show 🗑
|
||||
| Develop concrete reasoning as well as hypothetical reasoning | show 🗑
|
||||
| Predict consequences | show 🗑
|
||||
| show | Adolescence
🗑
|
||||
| show | Kohlberg's Preconventional Stage
🗑
|
||||
| show | Trust vs mistrust
🗑
|
||||
| show | Mathematical reasoning ability may have strong genetic component
🗑
|
||||
| show | Cross-sectional study physical development
🗑
|
||||
| 80 year old generally pleased with his life but disappointed with strained relationship with son | show 🗑
|
||||
| Period from 3rd wk to 9th wk after conception | show 🗑
|
||||
| show | Germinal Stage
🗑
|
||||
| Period from 9th wk after conception to birth | show 🗑
|
||||
| Genetic patterns that cannot be seen | show 🗑
|
||||
| show | Freud’s second stage of psychosexual maturation, which involves the task of becoming toilet trained during years two and three.
🗑
|
||||
| Compulsion, stubborness, controlling, perfectionist | show 🗑
|
||||
| show | Anal Stage problems
🗑
|
||||
| show | Spiritual symbols that appear in many different cultures.
🗑
|
||||
| show | Archetypes
🗑
|
||||
| Behaviorism | show 🗑
|
||||
| Behavior entirely conditioned thru environment | show 🗑
|
||||
| show | Ego defense mechanism that involves developing alternative behaviors and traits to make up for weaknesses.
🗑
|
||||
| show | State of tension that motivates humans
🗑
|
||||
| show | Ego defense mechanism that involves involuntary “blinding” of self to reality.
🗑
|
||||
| show | Ego defense mechanism that involves shifting negative feelings to “safer” targets.
🗑
|
||||
| Ego (I) | show 🗑
|
||||
| In contact w/ external world & functions under reality principle | show 🗑
|
||||
| show | The phenomenon in human development that occurs anywhere from ages three to five when girls develop a bond with their father and develop a fear of or rivalry with their mother.
🗑
|
||||
| show | Electra complex
🗑
|
||||
| show | The failure to resolve a certain psychosexual stage.
🗑
|
||||
| Becoming stuck due to stage being blocked causing inability to progress thru maturity | show 🗑
|
||||
| Genital Stage | show 🗑
|
||||
| show | Theories of personality that focus on the subjective experiences of individuals striving for meaning and growth.
🗑
|
||||
| Id (it) | show 🗑
|
||||
| show | id
🗑
|
||||
| show | Ego defense mechanism that involves reducing moral anxiety by aligning self with a valued person, goal, or cause.
🗑
|
||||
| Introjection | show 🗑
|
||||
| Latent stage | show 🗑
|
||||
| show | Silyman Passive resignation, or a feeling of helplessness, hopelessness, and depression that is sometimes experienced by people who face repeated traumatic events that they have no control over.
🗑
|
||||
| Learning theories | show 🗑
|
||||
| show | Rotter The place where people perceive to have the greatest influence over their behavior.
🗑
|
||||
| show | Discomfort caused by superego punishment for violating personal morality or being imperfect.
🗑
|
||||
| Neurotic anxiety | show 🗑
|
||||
| show | A model that explores the relationship between people or things (objects) and the individual’s perceptions of these objects, based on the underlying concept that two people may see the same object but experience two extremely different reactions.
🗑
|
||||
| Oedipus complex | show 🗑
|
||||
| Phenomenon of boys in Phallic Stage | show 🗑
|
||||
| Oral stage | show 🗑
|
||||
| Eating disorders, smoking, drinking, excessive talking | show 🗑
|
||||
| Personality | show 🗑
|
||||
| show | Freud’s third stage of psychosexual maturation, during which children become aware of their genitals and begin to experience pleasure through fondling or rubbing them.
🗑
|
||||
| show | Phallic stage
🗑
|
||||
| show | The principle stating that people seek immediate pleasure to avoid pain and to reduce tension.
🗑
|
||||
| Projection | show 🗑
|
||||
| Psychodynamic theories | show 🗑
|
||||
| show | Freud’s five stages of maturation: oral, anal, phallic, latent, and genital.
🗑
|
||||
| Link between mental activity & instinct to seek pleasure | show 🗑
|
||||
| Rationalization | show 🗑
|
||||
| show | The process of substituting a particular reaction with its opposite reaction to avoid guilt, punishment, or another negative experience.
🗑
|
||||
| Realistic anxiety | show 🗑
|
||||
| Reality principle | show 🗑
|
||||
| show | Reality principle
🗑
|
||||
| Regression | show 🗑
|
||||
| show | A kind of motivated forgetting, in which a person does not remember something because of the emotional pain or anxiety it causes.
🗑
|
||||
| Self-actualization | show 🗑
|
||||
| Sublimation | show 🗑
|
||||
| show | The Freudian component of personality that considers the internalized beliefs and censures created by societal norms that strive to limit the ungoverned pursuit of gratification.
🗑
|
||||
| show | Superego
🗑
|
||||
| show | A person’s consistent behaviors and attitudes that last over time and across situations.
🗑
|
||||
| show | Traits
🗑
|
||||
| show | The process of defining categories of personality based on common traits rather than the personality traits of an individual.
🗑
|
||||
| show | Sibling rivalry
🗑
|
||||
| Adler | show 🗑
|
||||
| Adler | show 🗑
|
||||
| show | Collective unconscious
🗑
|
||||
| show | Spirituality containing archetypes
🗑
|
||||
| Horney | show 🗑
|
||||
| show | Childhood experiences solidify personality before adulthood
🗑
|
||||
| show | Styles of interacting with others: Moving toward Moving away Moving against
🗑
|
||||
| Erikson | show 🗑
|
||||
| show | Establishing basic trust
🗑
|
||||
| show | Time for establishing identity
🗑
|
||||
| Erikson & Adulthood | show 🗑
|
||||
| Rotter | show 🗑
|
||||
| Internal locus | show 🗑
|
||||
| External locus | show 🗑
|
||||
| show | Internal locus
🗑
|
||||
| Seligman | show 🗑
|
||||
| show | Self concept center of personality: Genuiniess Acceptance Empathy
🗑
|
||||
| show | Rogers Parents honest & open with children
🗑
|
||||
| show | Rogers Parents exrpessed caring even with rule breaking
🗑
|
||||
| Empathy | show 🗑
|
||||
| show | An assessment process that aims to interpret a person’s responses and characteristics in a natural environment.
🗑
|
||||
| show | Behavioral assessment
🗑
|
||||
| show | A process that requires a client to respond (in person rather than on paper) to ambiguous questions, situations, or tasks so that the person conducting the assessment can interpret the responses.
🗑
|
||||
| show | A model that views human personality in terms of five general traits: openness to experience, conscientiousness, extraversion, agreeableness, and neuroticism.
🗑
|
||||
| OCEAN | show 🗑
|
||||
| show | Approaches to studying personality that consider individuals as a whole and in the context of their situational surroundings.
🗑
|
||||
| show | Approaches to studying personality that look at specific elements of personality (e.g., warmth or agreeableness) across groups of individuals, typically ignoring the context within which these elements or traits are enacted.
🗑
|
||||
| show | The belief that one is able to perform the required behaviors to produce a desired outcome.
🗑
|
||||
| show | Self-efficacy
🗑
|
||||
| show | The tendency to think of oneself favorably.
🗑
|
||||
| show | Self-serving bias
🗑
|
||||
| show | Reliable & valid Taker can be "normed"
🗑
|
||||
| show | Most widely used Objective test
🗑
|
||||
| show | Business & career counseling still use though not reliable/valid in empirical sense
🗑
|
||||
| show | Widely used in clinical, counselling & educational settings of the Big 5
🗑
|
||||
| show | Test used prior to NEO which was used to predict likely fitness into profession/occupation
🗑
|
||||
| Projective tests | show 🗑
|
||||
| TAT | show 🗑
|
||||
| Sentence completion | show 🗑
|
||||
| show | Ego & Reality
🗑
|
||||
| show | Moving away
🗑
|
||||
| show | That which inhibits the adaptation of an individual to the demands of his or her environment.
🗑
|
||||
| Depression leads to changes in work habits, sleeping & eating | show 🗑
|
||||
| Abnormal psychology | show 🗑
|
||||
| show | A framework that considers each of the subsystems of human functioning—physical, psychological, and social—rather than concentrating on only one aspect, thus allowing for multiple treatment pathways for healing or improvement.
🗑
|
||||
| show | Biopsychosocial framework
🗑
|
||||
| Etiology | show 🗑
|
||||
| Maladaptivity | show 🗑
|
||||
| show | Either cause disturbance to individual or individuals behavior disturbs those around them
🗑
|
||||
| GAF | show 🗑
|
||||
| Biological Model | show 🗑
|
||||
| show | Abnormality influenced by inner conflict between competing needs
🗑
|
||||
| Learning Model | show 🗑
|
||||
| Humanistic Model | show 🗑
|
||||
| Mismatch of behavior imposed by society and who individual actually is | show 🗑
|
||||
| Existential Model | show 🗑
|
||||
| show | Abnormality result of interaction between individual & S.O.
🗑
|
||||
| show | Abnormality influenced by aspects of socity like discrimination, poverty, lack of social support
🗑
|
||||
| DSM | show 🗑
|
||||
| Axis I | show 🗑
|
||||
| Axis II | show 🗑
|
||||
| Axis III | show 🗑
|
||||
| show | Environmental contributing stressors
🗑
|
||||
| show | Overall quality of social & occupational functioning
🗑
|
||||
| show | Individual's attempts to meet needs and avoid punishment
🗑
|
||||
| Psychopathological models with greatest impact | show 🗑
|
||||
| show | Provide concrete definitions of what constitutes abnormality
🗑
|
||||
| show | Axis III disorders contribute to presence of Axis I disororders
🗑
|
||||
| show | A form of schizophrenia characterized by positive symptoms, motor manifestations, relatively minor thought disturbances, and a positive response to neuroleptic medication.
🗑
|
||||
| Agoraphobia | show 🗑
|
||||
| show | Agoraphobia
🗑
|
||||
| show | A loss of memory for events, which may even involve loss of memory of one’s identity.
🗑
|
||||
| show | A personality disorder manifested by a pattern of irresponsible and harmful behavior as indicated by academic failure, poor job performance, illegal activities, recklessness, and impulsive behavior.
🗑
|
||||
| One personality disorder receiving lots of study | show 🗑
|
||||
| show | Psychological disorders that involve excessive fear, worry, and physiological reactivity.
🗑
|
||||
| Sympathetic Nervous System activated despite absence of real danger | show 🗑
|
||||
| 3 basic anxiety disorders | show 🗑
|
||||
| show | A personality disorder in which affected individuals desire close relationships with others but avoid them out of fear of rejection.
🗑
|
||||
| Biofeedback | show 🗑
|
||||
| Bipolar disorder | show 🗑
|
||||
| show | Unstable mood, self-image, unstable intense inerpersonal relationhips Display extremes of overidealization & devaluation Marked shift to extreme mood, anxiety or impulsiveness
🗑
|
||||
| One personality disorder receiving lots of study | show 🗑
|
||||
| show | A form of schizophrenia characterized by negative symptoms, conspicuous thought disturbances, evidence of cerebral atrophy, and generally poor response to neuroleptics.
🗑
|
||||
| Conversion disorder | show 🗑
|
||||
| show | Conversion / Psychogenic pain disorder
🗑
|
||||
| show | A psychological disorder that involves the presence of a persistent delusion or misbelief about an aspect of one’s existence or reality.
🗑
|
||||
| Delusions | show 🗑
|
||||
| Dependent personality disorder | show 🗑
|
||||
| Dissociative disorders | show 🗑
|
||||
| Amnesia / Fugue State | show 🗑
|
||||
| Dissociative identity disorder | show 🗑
|
||||
| Dysthymia | show 🗑
|
||||
| Factitious disorder | show 🗑
|
||||
| Fugue State | show 🗑
|
||||
| show | A model that examines the ways in which an animal’s natural, physical response to a stressor can become problematic under the influence of prolonged stress.
🗑
|
||||
| show | Involves excessive anxiety and worry about a number of events for a period of at least six months, resulting in symptoms including restlessness, fatigue, difficulty concentrating, irritability, muscle tension, or sleep disturbance.
🗑
|
||||
| show | General adaption syndrome
🗑
|
||||
| Hallucinations | show 🗑
|
||||
| show | Branch of psychology concerned with the relationship between physical disease and psychological stress.
🗑
|
||||
| show | Health psychology
🗑
|
||||
| show | A personality disorder characterized by excessive attention seeking and often sexually seductive behavior.
🗑
|
||||
| Hypochondriasis | show 🗑
|
||||
| Hypomania | show 🗑
|
||||
| show | Hypomania
🗑
|
||||
| show | A mood disorder characterized by long-lasting emotions of sadness, irritability, emptiness, apathy, self-hate, and guilt that affect an individual’s entire body.
🗑
|
||||
| Appr 15% population will suffer of this during their lifetime | show 🗑
|
||||
| "Whole body" disorder | show 🗑
|
||||
| Hopelessness | show 🗑
|
||||
| Malingering | show 🗑
|
||||
| show | Period of elevated or irritable mood lasting at least 1 week as well as excessive involvement in activities despite potentially neagive consequences
🗑
|
||||
| Mood disorders | show 🗑
|
||||
| Narcisistic personality disorder | show 🗑
|
||||
| show | Symptoms of schizophrenia that are marked by a lack of significant activity; examples include anhedonia, apathy, flat affect, and social isolation.
🗑
|
||||
| show | Person experiences obsessions, or recurrent and intrusive thoughts or images that he or she cannot control, and attempts to eliminate the anxiety associated with them by carrying out repetitive, intentional behaviors called compulsions.
🗑
|
||||
| Obsessive-compulsive personality disorder | show 🗑
|
||||
| Panic attack | show 🗑
|
||||
| show | A specific instance of unexpected, intense fear or anxiety, including shortness of breath, increased heart rate, dizziness, perspiration, choking sensations, trembling, or other bodily sensations, as well as a fear of dying or “going crazy.”
🗑
|
||||
| show | Panic disorder
🗑
|
||||
| show | A personality disorder characterized by consistent and stable patterns of suspicion of others, despite an apparent lack of psychotic paranoid processes.
🗑
|
||||
| show | Paranoid personality disorder
🗑
|
||||
| show | Disorders characterized by stable, deviant, inflexible patterns of social behavior and intrapsychic experiences.
🗑
|
||||
| Become stable over time & situations | show 🗑
|
||||
| show | Symptoms of schizophrenia that involve increased activity; examples include hallucinations, delusions, excitement, and disorganized speech.
🗑
|
||||
| Post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) | show 🗑
|
||||
| Psychogenic pain disorder | show 🗑
|
||||
| show | A largely discarded term for illnesses or physical conditions that have psychological factors as part of their cause.
🗑
|
||||
| show | A personality disorder characterized by distant interpersonal behavior and an apparent lack of interest in relationships with others.
🗑
|
||||
| show | Severe psychological disorder characterized by symptoms such as hallucinations, delusions, bizarre behavior, and deterioration in one’s general level of functioning.
🗑
|
||||
| Social phobia | show 🗑
|
||||
| show | A disorder in which a person experiences pain or other physical symptoms as a result of a psychological cause.
🗑
|
||||
| Schizotypal personality disorder | show 🗑
|
||||
| show | A fear of being painfully embarrassed in a social setting.
🗑
|
||||
| Type A Individuals | show 🗑
|
||||
| show | Individuals who are more relaxed and tranquil.
🗑
|
||||
| Paranoid | show 🗑
|
||||
| show | Speech & behavior problems predominate
🗑
|
||||
| show | Extreme negativism, mutism, peculiarities of voluntary movement or sterotyped movements predominate
🗑
|
||||
| show | No single clinical presentation predominates
🗑
|
||||
| show | Prominent psychotic symptoms no longer predominate
🗑
|
||||
| show | The process of investigating aspects of an individual’s situation systematically to generate hypotheses regarding the problems involved, their causes and effects, and potential solutions.
🗑
|
||||
| show | The process of using the information collected during an initial assessment and determining how the patient’s problems fit into a general classification scheme.
🗑
|
||||
| Global therapies | show 🗑
|
||||
| Mental status examination | show 🗑
|
||||
| show | Approaches to treatment in which a particular problem or symptom is chosen as the focus, and specific techniques are employed to alleviate the problem.
🗑
|
||||
| Structured interviews | show 🗑
|
||||
| show | Interviews that involve learning through discussing an individual’s history, as well as his or her social, educational, medical, and psychological status.
🗑
|
||||
| show | Global therapies
🗑
|
||||
| show | Diagnosis
🗑
|
||||
| Attention & concentration, memory and thought processes | show 🗑
|
||||
| Specific problem result of some fundamental problem in the system | show 🗑
|
||||
| Cenceptualization of problems then looking for means of addressing them | show 🗑
|
||||
| Treatments can include | show 🗑
|
||||
| Objective tests | show 🗑
|
||||
| show | Having pt explain, describe or respond to presented stimuli
🗑
|
||||
| show | By clinician in office, or in environment with S.O.'s and daily logs
🗑
|
||||
| show | A group of medications that have historically been used to treat seizure disorders but are now also used to treat bipolar disorders.
🗑
|
||||
| show | Another term for anticonvulsants
🗑
|
||||
| Depakote, Lamictal, Neurontin | show 🗑
|
||||
| Antidepressants | show 🗑
|
||||
| Antipsychotic meds working in 2-4 weeks | show 🗑
|
||||
| Antipsychotic meds also helpfull with anxiety & panic disorders | show 🗑
|
||||
| Prozac, Zoloft, Paxil | show 🗑
|
||||
| show | A method that focuses on changing a person’s thoughts to reduce his or her problematic symptoms of depression or anxiety.
🗑
|
||||
| Time limited & concrete goal oriented therapy | show 🗑
|
||||
| Automatic thoughts | show 🗑
|
||||
| Couples therapy | show 🗑
|
||||
| show | Helps work on relationships with others, develop social skills, helping others & seeing how own behavior affects others
🗑
|
||||
| Electroconvulsive therapy (ECT) | show 🗑
|
||||
| show | Common with ECT
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| show | The ability to see the world through another person’s eyes.
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| show | Empathy, Genuiness, Warmth
🗑
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| Family therapy | show 🗑
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| show | Family therapy
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| Flooding | show 🗑
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| show | Flooding, Modeling and Systemic desensitization
🗑
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| Free association | show 🗑
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| Individuals not only censor throughts from others, but also from self-recognition | show 🗑
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| Genuineness | show 🗑
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| show | The most common drugs used to treat anxiety; these medications act as minor tranquilizers.
🗑
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| show | High-potency benzodiazepines
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| show | High-potency benzodiazepines
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| show | A form of salt that is considered to be the primary treatment for bipolar disorder which is 80% effective when taken
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| Needs to be monitored closely for CNS or CV dysfunction | show 🗑
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| show | A brain operation formerly used to treat severe chronic schizophrenia.
🗑
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||||
| show | Lobotomy
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| show | Behavioral & Cognitive view
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| show | Humanistic view
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| Problems caused by unconscious factors | show 🗑
|
||||
| Effective therapy for phobias | show 🗑
|
||||
| show | A procedure used to treat phobias in which an individual watches a model expose himself or herself to the feared stimulus; gradually, the individual becomes involved with the model and interacts with the feared object.
🗑
|
||||
| Neuroleptics | show 🗑
|
||||
| show | Neuroleptics
🗑
|
||||
| Thorazine, Haldol, Zyprexa, Seroqual | show 🗑
|
||||
| Antipsychotic drug effective as long as taking | show 🗑
|
||||
| show | Neuroleptics
🗑
|
||||
| show | Therapies that focus largely on the social relations the patient has: those in the past with parents and others, those in the present with significant others, and the relationship that develops between the patient and the therapist.
🗑
|
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| show | Psychodynamic therapy
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|
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| show | Ellis A cognitive approach to therapy in which the therapist approaches the client in a directive manner to identify irrational beliefs, refute them, and give responsibility to the patient to extinguish those beliefs.
🗑
|
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| Systemic desensitization | show 🗑
|
||||
| show | The unconscious act of transferring the feelings one has for an important person in one’s life to someone else.
🗑
|
||||
| Allowing client to transfer conflicts/unresolved issued to therapist | show 🗑
|
||||
| show | The ability to be emotionally close to another person and offer him or her hope and caring.
🗑
|
||||
| Early anti-psychotic meds | show 🗑
|
||||
| show | Rational-emotive therapy
🗑
|
||||
| show | Neuroleptics
🗑
|
||||
| show | Mental status examination
🗑
|
||||
| Finding out patient's dates of institutionalization, family hx of mental hisoty is | show 🗑
|
||||
| Aggression | show 🗑
|
||||
| Influenced by genetics, neural system and biochemicals | show 🗑
|
||||
| Altruism | show 🗑
|
||||
| Attitudes | show 🗑
|
||||
| show | Attitudes
🗑
|
||||
| Attribution theory | show 🗑
|
||||
| show | Internal cause
🗑
|
||||
| show | External cause
🗑
|
||||
| show | A term used to describe the fact that people are much less likely to help someone in trouble if there are other bystanders who also do not help
🗑
|
||||
| Cognitive dissonance theory | show 🗑
|
||||
| show | An individual’s adjustment of behavior in order to align with the norms of a group.
🗑
|
||||
| Deindividuation | show 🗑
|
||||
| show | Deindividuation
🗑
|
||||
| Fundamental attribution error | show 🗑
|
||||
| show | The thinking that transpires when a group desire for harmony in a decision-making group overrides a focus on considering all options and arriving at a balanced decision.
🗑
|
||||
| show | Minority opinion consistent, unwavering & more successful. Bringing in outside impartial experts. Splitting into subgroups to discuss issues & come to conclusions. Leaders avoid taking stance early in discussions.
🗑
|
||||
| show | 1) Forming 2) Storming - intragoup conflict for control 3) Norming - cohesiveness & close relationships with common expectations 4) Performing - fully functioning 5) Adjourning - preparing to disband as objectives met
🗑
|
||||
| show | The standards of appropriate and inappropriate behaviors within a group.
🗑
|
||||
| Obedience | show 🗑
|
||||
| show | Groups that allow people to define themselves as members and consequently feel that the group is significant
🗑
|
||||
| show | The perception that others hold about how one should behave in a situation.
🗑
|
||||
| Role perception | show 🗑
|
||||
| show | Guides for socially appropriate behavior that people develop based on societal norms
🗑
|
||||
| show | A theory proposing that if an individual perceives that the rewards for helping will outweigh the costs, then that person will become willing to help
🗑
|
||||
| Social loafing | show 🗑
|
||||
| Social psychology | show 🗑
|
||||
| show | Social psychology
🗑
|
||||
| show | A goal that is important to two groups and requires them to work together
🗑
|
||||
| Affiliation | show 🗑
|
||||
| show | The simple concept that people are drawn to each other by proximity, physical attracton, reciprocity, similarity
🗑
|
||||
| Bicultural identity | show 🗑
|
||||
| show | The definition of one’s identity based on a group’s identity, which awards priority to group goals - Interdepedency (Eastern culture)
🗑
|
||||
| show | The rich connection that develops in a love relationship over time
🗑
|
||||
| Culture | show 🗑
|
||||
| Ethnicity | show 🗑
|
||||
| show | Ethnicity
🗑
|
||||
| Friendship | show 🗑
|
||||
| show | The set of characteristics by which individuals are identified as either male or female
🗑
|
||||
| Gender identity | show 🗑
|
||||
| Gender roles | show 🗑
|
||||
| show | Gender roles
🗑
|
||||
| Individualism | show 🗑
|
||||
| show | The phenomenon in which two or more individuals have positive attitudes toward each other
🗑
|
||||
| Passionate love | show 🗑
|
||||
| Prejudice | show 🗑
|
||||
| Scapegoating | show 🗑
|
||||
| Most affected measure of central tendency by outliers | show 🗑
|
||||
| show | Behavioral approach
🗑
|
||||
| "Response latency is number of seconds that elapse between stimulus & response" is an example of | show 🗑
|
||||
| Releast of neurotransmitter information into synaptic cleft caused by | show 🗑
|
||||
| show | Resting state
🗑
|
||||
| Sendory deprivation in adults cause | show 🗑
|
||||
| Rods more dense in | show 🗑
|
||||
| show | Rapid low amplitude waves
🗑
|
||||
| show | Variable ratio schedule
🗑
|
||||
| show | Reinforcement
🗑
|
||||
| Recall performace on typical forgetting curve | show 🗑
|
||||
| How is information processed | show 🗑
|
||||
| In an inverted U shaped functional model, which levels will lead to poorest performance | show 🗑
|
||||
| show | Utilized as own experimental controls
🗑
|
||||
| When someone accepts another's values & imitates their behavior | show 🗑
|
||||
| Angered, firt impulse is to strike at person but insteads yells & kicks door | show 🗑
|
||||
| show | Psychoanalysis
🗑
|
||||
| show | Unstable & introverted
🗑
|
||||
| Eysenck's personality dimension | show 🗑
|
||||
| show | Durability
🗑
|
||||
| show | Unwanted thought
🗑
|
||||
| show | Attraction
🗑
|
||||
| show | Bystander effect
🗑
|
||||
| Levels of compassion per Sternberg | show 🗑
|
||||
| Job satisfaction has inverse relationship with | show 🗑
|
||||
| Focusing on individual's ability or personality characteristics | show 🗑
|
||||
| show | PET
🗑
|
||||
| Temperment | show 🗑
|
||||
| show | Latent learning
🗑
|
||||
| show | Free will
🗑
|
||||
| show | Negative transfer
🗑
|
||||
| Hostility | show 🗑
|
||||
| Personality disorders characterized by | show 🗑
|
||||
| Attempts to correct irrational beliefs that lead to psychological distress | show 🗑
|
||||
| show | Detailed investigation of single subject/topic from which findings generalized
🗑
|
||||
| Correlation Studies | show 🗑
|
||||
| show | Correlation
🗑
|
||||
| show | Checking data against other' findings to reduce possible bias
🗑
|
||||
| show | Complining results of numerous studies on particular phenomena & analyze data
🗑
|
||||
| Perceptual Constancy | show 🗑
|
||||
| Contract Perception | show 🗑
|
||||
| show | Taking "new experience" and incorporating into existing concept/idea
🗑
|
||||
| show | Expanding on'e schemas (concepts from past experience) when no longer adequate
🗑
|
||||
| show | General intelligence exists in people and may vary across individuals of same level.
🗑
|
||||
| Cannon-Bard Theory | show 🗑
|
||||
| James-Lang Theory | show 🗑
|
||||
| show | Physical arousal & cognitive label
🗑
|
||||
| show | Physiological, behavior, conscious experience
🗑
|
||||
| show | Positive Correlation
🗑
|
||||
| Withdrawl from can be fatal if not monitored | show 🗑
|
||||
| Child avoids homeworks & parent reminds them until done then stops | show 🗑
|
||||
| show | Predict ability to learn new skill/material
🗑
|
||||
| Period in cycle men cannot have orgasm | show 🗑
|
||||
| show | SuperEgo
🗑
|
||||
| Pt interacts with staff like does with mother | show 🗑
|
||||
| show | 3-6 wks
🗑
|
||||
| show | Applied Research
🗑
|
||||
| To a dog, a bone is | show 🗑
|
||||
| Series of dates to remember on immediate recall | show 🗑
|
||||
| show | Representative heurestic
🗑
|
||||
| show | Postconventional
🗑
|
||||
| Germinal stage starts from | show 🗑
|
||||
| According to Erikson, main adolescent psychosocial task | show 🗑
|
||||
| show | Latent
🗑
|
||||
| show | Trait Theory
🗑
|
||||
| Negative symptom of schitzophrenia | show 🗑
|
||||
| Example of dissociative disorder | show 🗑
|
||||
| ECT effective for | show 🗑
|
||||
| show | Become more prejudiced
🗑
|
Review the information in the table. When you are ready to quiz yourself you can hide individual columns or the entire table. Then you can click on the empty cells to reveal the answer. Try to recall what will be displayed before clicking the empty cell.
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You may also shuffle the rows of the table by clicking on the "Shuffle" button.
Or sort by any of the columns using the down arrow next to any column heading.
If you know all the data on any row, you can temporarily remove it by tapping the trash can to the right of the row.
To hide a column, click on the column name.
To hide the entire table, click on the "Hide All" button.
You may also shuffle the rows of the table by clicking on the "Shuffle" button.
Or sort by any of the columns using the down arrow next to any column heading.
If you know all the data on any row, you can temporarily remove it by tapping the trash can to the right of the row.
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Created by:
flanurse
Popular Psychology sets